Function-based risk reduction intervention for lifestyle-related disorders among inactive 40-year-old people: a pilot randomised controlled trial.

Background:  Interventions for preventing or reducing the development of lifestyle-related disorders should be investigated as these conditions are becoming increasingly prevalent and having large effects on quality of life and life expectancy globally. The aim of this pilot study was to prepare for a full-scale randomised controlled trial by evaluating the short-term changes resulting from a function-based preventive intervention aimed at lifestyle-related disorders on a small group of physically inactive 40-year-old people. Change in objectively measured physical activity, functional capacity according to a risk profile, and goal attainment were main outcomes.

Fitness-related physical activity intensity explains most of the association between accelerometer data and cardiometabolic health in persons 50-64 years old.

Objectives: To investigate the physical activity (PA) intensity associated with cardiometabolic health when considering the mediating role of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).

Methods: A subsample of males and females aged 50-64 years from the cross-sectional Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study was investigated. PA was measured by accelerometry and CRF by a submaximal cycle test.

Associations of accelerometer-estimated free-living daily activity impact intensities with 10-year probability of osteoporotic fractures in adults.

Purpose: Accelerometers are used to objectively measure physical activity; however, the relationship between accelerometer-based activity parameters and bone health is not well understood. This study examines the association between accelerometer-estimated daily activity impact intensities and future risk estimates of major osteoporotic fractures in a large population-based cohort.

Methods: Participants were 3165 adults 46 years of age from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 who agreed to wear a hip-worn accelerometer during all waking hours for 14 consecutive days.

Development and feasibility of a function-based preventive intervention for lifestyle-related disorders.

Background: The enormous effect of lifestyle-related disorders on health of the global population warrants the development of preventive interventions. Focusing on musculoskeletal health and physical activity may be a way to encourage necessary lifestyle changes by making them more concrete and understandable. The aims of the current study were to develop a function-based preventive intervention aimed at lifestyle-related disorders in physically inactive 40-year-old people and to investigate the feasibility of the intervention.

Accelerometer-measured absolute versus relative physical activity intensity: cross-sectional associations with cardiometabolic health in midlife.

Background: Observational studies investigating the association between accelerometer-measured physical activity and health all use absolute measures of physical activity intensity. However, intervention studies suggest that the physical activity intensity required to improve health is relative to individual fitness. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between accelerometer-measured absolute and relative physical activity intensity and cardiometabolic health, and what implications these associations may have on the interpretation of health-associated physical activity.

Move for Your Heart, Break a Sweat for Your Mind: Providing Precision in Adolescent Health and Physical Activity Behaviour Pattern.

Purpose: Adolescent health benefits of different physical activity (PA) intensities, especially of lower intensities, are debated due to challenges in accelerometer data processing and analyses. Using a new accelerometer data processing method and multivariate pattern analysis, this study investigated the association of PA intensities with indicators of cardiovascular and mental health.

Methods: Adolescents (n = 1,235, mean age 13.

Fourteen days free-living evaluation of an open-source algorithm for counting steps in healthy adults with a large variation in physical activity level.

Background: The number of steps by an individual, has traditionally been assessed with a pedometer, but increasingly with an accelerometer. The ActiLife software (AL) is the most common way to process accelerometer data to steps, but it is not open source which could aid understanding of measurement errors. The aim of this study was to compare assessment of steps from the open-source algorithm part of the GGIR package and two closed algorithms, AL normal (n) and low frequency extension (lfe) algorithms to Yamax pedometer, as reference.

A pilot study using pre-treatment physical activity level to predict long-term health-related quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer.

Background: Pre-treatment levels of physical activity (PA) in head and neck cancer (HNC) are rarely evaluated using accelerometry. This study aimed to investigate whether pre-treatment PA level in HNC predicts aspects of long-term health-related quality of life (HRQL) at 12 months after end of treatment.

Methods: This pilot study included 48 patients diagnosed with HNC, 41 participants remaining at 12 months post-treatment.

Validation of Oura ring energy expenditure and steps in laboratory and free-living.

Background: Commercial activity trackers are increasingly used in research and compared with research-based accelerometers are often less intrusive, cheaper, with improved storage and battery capacity, although typically less validated. The present study aimed to determine the validity of Oura Ring step-count and energy expenditure (EE) in both laboratory and free-living.

Methods: Oura Ring EE was compared against indirect calorimetry in the laboratory, followed by a 14-day free-living study with 32 participants wearing an Oura Ring and reference monitors (three accelerometers positioned at hip, thigh, and wrist, and pedometer) to evaluate Oura EE variables and step count.

The interrelationship between physical activity intensity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and executive function in middle-aged adults: An observational study of office workers.

Background: Previous evidence supports a beneficial effect of physical activity on executive function across the whole lifespan. Yet, the interrelationships of the intensities of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and executive function require further investigation in adults.

Aim: Using unfiltered accelerometry data and high-resolution intensity classification, we sought to estimate the associations of physical activity with cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function in adult office workers.

Life satisfaction, health-related quality of life and physical activity after treatment for valvular aortic stenosis.

Objective: To investigate health-related quality of life and life satisfaction in children and adolescents treated for isolated congenital valvular aortic stenosis compared to healthy peers. Our second aim was to investigate the relationship between objectively measured physical activity, health-related quality of life and life satisfaction in the same group.

Methods: Forty-eight patients, 8-18 years of age, were recruited, as well as 43 healthy peers matched for age, gender and residential area.

Physical activity spectrum discriminant analysis-A method to compare detailed patterns between groups.

Investigating physical activity (PA) patterns as a detailed intensity spectrum instead of crude intensity categories have improved the ability to analyze the relationship between measured PA and health variables. The aim of this methodological study was to introduce and investigate the utility of using detailed PA intensity spectrum compared to crude PA intensity categories for comparison of PA between groups and between repeated measures. The study sample consisted of two groups of children, where one group was scheduled for extended physical education (PE) by daily classes while the other group followed usual PE schedule.

Physical activity, self-efficacy and quality of life in patients with chronic pain, assessed during and 1 year after physiotherapy rehabilitation - a prospective follow-up study.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate the level of physical activity, self-efficacy and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic pain, at baseline and one year after physiotherapy rehabilitation at a specialist pain clinic.

Materials And Methods: All patients who underwent rehabilitation at the physiotherapy unit at the Pain Centre at Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra in Gothenburg during a nine-month period were asked to participate in the study. The participants were evaluated regarding self-efficacy, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and physical activity during physiotherapy treatment and one year later.

Low physical activity in patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer.

Background: This pilot study aimed to describe physical activity (PA) and self-perceived function, health and quality of life (QoL) prior to oncological treatment in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).

Methods: In a prospective study including 49 patients, self-perceived PA (Saltin-Grimby scale) and health-related QoL (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life questionnaire Core 30 and EQ-5D) were assessed. Further, PA was also measured by an accelerometer attached to the thigh for eight consecutive days.

High-intensity activity is more strongly associated with metabolic health in children compared to sedentary time: a cross-sectional study of the I.Family cohort.

Background: Physical activity (PA) during childhood is important for preventing future metabolic syndrome (MetS). To examine the relationship between PA and MetS in more detail, accurate measures of PA are needed. Previous studies have only utilized a small part of the information available from accelerometer measured PA.

The use of coping strategies "shift-persist" mediates associations between physical activity and mental health problems in adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Self-perceived mental health problems among adolescents has had an upward trend. Concurrently, adolescents' physical activity (PA) has been falling whilst sedentary time (SED) has increased. There is a lack of research using accelerometer measured PA and SED to study their relationships to perceived stress and psychosomatic symptoms, both frequently observed mental health problems among adolescents.

Effects of Two Randomized and Controlled Multi-Component Interventions Focusing On 24-Hour Movement Behavior among Office Workers: A Compositional Data Analysis.

Intervention studies aiming at changing movement behavior have usually not accounted for the compositional nature of time-use data. Compositional data analysis (CoDA) has been suggested as a useful strategy for analyzing such data. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two multi-component interventions on 24-h movement behavior (using CoDA) and on cardiorespiratory fitness among office workers; one focusing on reducing sedentariness and the other on increasing physical activity.

Measurement of Physical Activity by Shoe-Based Accelerometers-Calibration and Free-Living Validation.

There is conflicting evidence regarding the health implications of high occupational physical activity (PA). Shoe-based accelerometers could provide a feasible solution for PA measurement in workplace settings. This study aimed to develop calibration models for estimation of energy expenditure (EE) from shoe-based accelerometers, validate the performance in a workplace setting and compare it to the most commonly used accelerometer positions.

Children and Adolescents Treated for Valvular Aortic Stenosis Have Different Physical Activity Patterns Compared to Healthy Controls: A Methodological Study in a National Cohort.

Previous research in children and adolescents with congenital heart defects presents contradictory findings concerning their physical activity (PA) level, due to methodological limitations in the PA assessment. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to compare PA in children and adolescents treated for valvular aortic stenosis with healthy controls using an improved accelerometer method. Seven-day accelerometer data were collected from the hip in a national Swedish sample of 46 patients 6-18 years old treated for valvular aortic stenosis and 44 healthy controls matched for age, gender, geography, and measurement period.

Workplace activity classification from shoe-based movement sensors.

Background: High occupational physical activity is associated with lower health. Shoe-based movement sensors can provide an objective measurement of occupational physical activity in a lab setting but the performance of such methods in a free-living environment have not been investigated. The aim of the current study was to investigate the feasibility and accuracy of shoe sensor-based activity classification in an industrial work setting.

Stronger Association between High Intensity Physical Activity and Cardiometabolic Health with Improved Assessment of the Full Intensity Range Using Accelerometry.

An improved method of physical activity accelerometer data processing, involving a wider frequency filter than the most commonly used ActiGraph filter, has been shown to better capture variations in physical activity intensity in a lab setting. The aim of the study was to investigate how this improved measure of physical activity affected the relationship with markers of cardiometabolic health. Accelerometer data and markers of cardiometabolic health from 725 adults from two samples, LIV 2013 and SCAPIS pilot, were analyzed.

Reexamination of Accelerometer Calibration with Energy Expenditure as Criterion: VO Instead of MET for Age-Equivalent Physical Activity Intensity.

Accelerometer calibration for physical activity (PA) intensity is commonly performed using Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) as criterion. However, MET is not an age-equivalent measure of PA intensity, which limits the use of MET-calibrated accelerometers for age-related PA investigations. We investigated calibration using VO (VO - VO; mL⋅min⋅kg) as criterion compared to MET (VO/VO) and the effect on assessment of free-living PA in children, adolescents and adults.

Re-examination of accelerometer data processing and calibration for the assessment of physical activity intensity.

This review re-examines the use of accelerometer and oxygen uptake data for the assessment of activity intensity. Accelerometers capture mechanical work, while oxygen uptake captures the energy cost of this work. Frequency filtering needs to be considered when processing acceleration data.

Effects of Frequency Filtering on Intensity and Noise in Accelerometer-Based Physical Activity Measurements.

In objective physical activity (PA) measurements, applying wider frequency filters than the most commonly used ActiGraph (AG) filter may be beneficial when processing accelerometry data. However, the vulnerability of wider filters to noise has not been investigated previously. This study explored the effect of wider frequency filters on measurements of PA, sedentary behavior (SED), and capturing of noise.