Mandibular trabecular bone pattern before and two years after medical or surgical obesity treatment in young Swedish women.

Objective: To investigate if changes in body mass index (BMI) result in changes of the mandibular trabecular bone structure.

Materials And Methods: Females (18-35 years at baseline, mean BMI 42,3) were followed from before (n = 117) until two years (n = 66) after obesity treatment (medical or surgical). The mandibular bone trabeculation was classified as sparse, dense, or mixed on intraoral radiographs (Lindh's index).

Does mandibular bone structure predict subsequent height loss? A longitudinal cohort study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Background: Several risk factors for loss of height with increasing age have been identified.

Objective: To investigate if mandibular bone structure predicts future height loss in middle-aged and elderly Swedish women.

Design: Prospective cohort study with longitudinally measured heights, radiographical assessments of the cortical bone using Klemetti's Index (normal, moderate or severely eroded cortex) and classification of the trabecular bone using an index proposed by Lindh (sparse, mixed or dense trabeculation).

Effects of gender and fatigue on strength and activity of gluteus medius muscle during a controlled cutting maneuver in preadolescent athletes.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of gender on hip muscle strength and activity during a controlled cutting maneuver in preadolescent athletes. Fifty-six football and handball preadolescent players participated (35 females and 21 males). Normalized mean activity of the gluteus medius (GM) muscle was measured using surface electromyography during cutting maneuvers in pre-activation and eccentric phases.

Antibiotic oral provocation challenge in children.

Aim: The main objective of this study was to see how many of the children, with a suspected antibiotic allergy, developed an allergic or adverse reaction to a drug provocation test.

Methods: Data on children that had undergone a drug provocation test for a suspected antibiotic allergy were compiled retrospectively for the period from 2007-2018. The median age at the first provocation was 2.

Mandibular cortical bone structure as risk indicator in fractured and non-fractured 80-year-old men and women.

Objective: To investigate the association between mandibular cortex parameters and fracture in a group of 286 men and women, 79-80 years of age.

Study Design: In a cross-sectional study, the mandibular cortex was evaluated with Klemetti's index for cortical erosion. The cortical thickness was measured with a ruler adjusting for the magnification factor.

Two methods of evaluating mandibular trabecular pattern in intraoral radiographs and the association to fragility fractures during a 47-year follow up.

In this longitudinal cohort study, we explored the association of fragility fractures to sparse trabecular bone pattern in intraoral radiographs using two methods, a visual and a semi-automated. Our aim was to study both sexes and to include younger age-groups, during a follow-up time of 47 years. The cohort consisted of 837 men and women aged 18-65 years, with intraoral radiographs from 1970-1971.

Trabecular bone patterns as a fracture risk predictor: a systematic review.

Background: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the assessment of trabecular bone patterns in dental radiographs, for fracture risk prediction, compared with the current diagnostic methods.

Methods: The PRISMA guidelines were followed. According to predefined inclusion criteria (PICO), literature searches were focussed on published studies with analyses of trabecular bone patterns on intraoral and/or in panoramic radiographs, compared with Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and/or Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX), with the outcomes; fracture and/or sensitivity and specificity for osteoporosis prediction.

Changing trabecular patterns in panoramic radiographs of Swedish women during 25 years of follow-up.

Objectives: The radiographic trabecular pattern on dental radiographs may be used to predict fractures. The aim of this study was to analyze longitudinal changes in the mandibles of 145 females between 1980 and 2005.

Methods: Panoramic radiographs were obtained in 1980 and 2005.

Functional factors associated with continuous eruption of maxillary incisors in adulthood: A 10-year prospective cohort study.

Purpose: To investigate whether functional factors estimated by the masseter muscle thickness (MMT) and the maximum occlusal force (MOF), were associated with the amount of continuous eruption of maxillary incisors in adults.

Materials And Methods: Dental casts were taken twice in 24 adult female patients during a 10-year prospective cohort study. At the first appointment, ultrasonographic measures of the MMT and MOF were recorded.

The rise and fall of the alveolar process: Dependency of teeth and metabolic aspects.

The alveolar bone has a unique capacity to follow the teeth's movements. It is formed around erupting teeth and their periodontal ligaments: the more the teeth have erupted, the larger the alveolar process. Throughout life the teeth erupt and migrate in an occlusal and mesial direction to compensate for attrition, an evolutionary trait.

Evaluation of clinical and radiographic indices as predictors of osteoporotic fractures: a 10-year longitudinal study.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate 2 radiographic and 3 clinical indices as predictors of future osteoporotic fractures.

Study Design: In a prospective, longitudinal study with a 10-year fracture follow-up, the 2 radiographic indices mandibular cortical erosion (normal, mild/moderate erosion, and severe erosion of the inferior cortex) and cortex thickness were assessed using panoramic radiographs of 411 women, age 62 to 78 years. The clinical indices were the fracture assessment tool FRAX, the osteoporosis index of risk (OSIRIS), and the osteoporosis self-assessment tool (OST).

Continuous eruption of maxillary teeth and changes in clinical crown length: A 10-year longitudinal study in adult women.

Background: Continuous physiologic eruption of teeth may become a main aesthetic issue for implants inserted in the maxillary anterior region.

Purpose: To study maxillary tooth vertical changes during a 10 years period by 3-dimensional superimposition of digital dental casts.

Material And Methods: Alginate impressions were taken at both baseline and at the 10-year follow-up in a sample of 24 adult Swedish women (average age of 48 years at T0).

Membrane-bound human orphan cytochrome P450 2U1: Sequence singularities, construction of a full 3D model, and substrate docking.

Background: Human cytochrome P450 2U1 (CYP2U1) is an orphan CYP that exhibits several distinctive characteristics among the 57 human CYPs with a highly conserved sequence in almost all living organisms.

Methods: We compared its protein sequence with those of the 57 human CYPs and constructed a 3D structure of a full-length CYP2U1 model bound to a POPC membrane. We also performed docking experiments of arachidonic acid (AA) and N-arachidonoylserotonin (AS) in this model.

Predicting fractures using trabecular patterns on panoramic radiographs.

Objectives: The observer score of the trabecular pattern on panoramic radiographs is known to be a strong predictor of bone fractures. The aim of this study was to enhance the predictive power of panoramic radiographs by means of texture analysis methods.

Material And Methods: The study followed 304 postmenopausal women during 26 years.

Gene Duplication Leads to Altered Membrane Topology of a Cytochrome P450 Enzyme in Seed Plants.

Evolution of the phenolic metabolism was critical for the transition of plants from water to land. A cytochrome P450, CYP73, with cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) activity, catalyzes the first plant-specific and rate-limiting step in this pathway. The CYP73 gene is absent from green algae, and first detected in bryophytes.

FRAX and mandibular sparse trabeculation as fracture predictors: a longitudinal study from 1980 to 2002.

The fracture assessment tool (FRAX) is widely used for predicting fractures, but better methods are needed. The aim of this study was to determine whether visual assessments of mandibular trabecular bone could improve FRAX predictions. Three age-cohorts of women were examined twice - 499 women in 1980/1981 and 412 women in 1992/1993; 397 participated in both examinations.

Evolutionary interplay between sister cytochrome P450 genes shapes plasticity in plant metabolism.

Expansion of the cytochrome P450 gene family is often proposed to have a critical role in the evolution of metabolic complexity, in particular in microorganisms, insects and plants. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the evolution of this complexity are poorly understood. Here we describe the evolutionary history of a plant P450 retrogene, which emerged and underwent fixation in the common ancestor of Brassicales, before undergoing tandem duplication in the ancestor of Brassicaceae.

Alveolar bone loss in osteoporosis: a loaded and cellular affair?

Maxillary and mandibular bone mirror skeletal bone conditions. Bone remodeling happens at endosteal surfaces where the osteoclasts and osteoblasts are situated. More surfaces means more cells and remodeling.

The Effect of Tibial Rotation on the Contribution of Medial and Lateral Hamstrings During Isometric Knee Flexion.

Background: Selective atrophy of hamstring components may result from muscle strain or graft harvesting for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Assessment and rehabilitation that specifically targets medial (MH) or lateral (LH) hamstring components may improve patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of volitional tibial rotation medially (MR) versus laterally (LR) on activation levels of MH versus LH and strength measures during isometric testing of knee flexors.

Five-year alveolar bone level changes in women of varying skeletal bone mineral density and bone trabeculation.

Objectives: To investigate alveolar bone level changes in women with varying skeletal bone mineral density (BMD) and bone trabeculation.

Study Design: In a prospective, longitudinal study of 128 women (22-75 years of age), BMD (dual x-ray absorptiometry), and periapical radiography were performed in 1996 and 2001. The mandibular trabecular bone was assessed as dense, mixed, or sparse.

Expression in yeast, new substrates, and construction of a first 3D model of human orphan cytochrome P450 2U1: Interpretation of substrate hydroxylation regioselectivity from docking studies.

Background: Cytochrome P450 2U1 (CYP2U1) has been identified from the human genome and is highly conserved in the living kingdom. In humans, it has been found to be predominantly expressed in the thymus and in the brain. CYP2U1 is considered as an "orphan" enzyme as few data are available on its physiological function(s) and active site topology.

From resistance to rescue--patients' shifting attitudes to antihypertensives: a qualitative study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to gain a deeper knowledge and understanding of experiences of antihypertensive drug treatment.

Design: Interview study.

Setting: A primary health care centre in western Sweden.

Mandibular trabecular bone as fracture indicator in 80-year-old men and women.

The objective of the present study was to compare assessments of the mandibular bone as fracture risk indicators for 277 men and women. The mandibular trabecular bone was evaluated in periapical radiographs, using a visual index, as dense, mixed dense and sparse, or sparse. Bone texture was analysed using a computer-based method in which the number of transitions from trabeculae to intertrabecular spaces was calculated.

The experience of disagreement between students and supervisors in PhD education: a qualitative study.

Background: PhD supervision is mostly individual and disagreement between supervisors and PhD students is a seldom-discussed topic at universities. The present study aimed to describe the experience of disagreement between PhD students and supervisors.

Methods: Nine supervisors and seven PhD students from Sweden and England were interviewed using a video recorder.