Publications by authors named "Jonas R"
Purpose: To examine intraretinally migrated retinal pigment epithelium cells (iRPECs) in enucleated human eyes with various retinal conditions and corresponding intraretinal hyperreflective bodies (iHRBs) in a large cohort of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in China.
Design: Population-based study and histomorphometric investigation.
Participants: Participants of the population-based Beijing Eye Study and enucleated human eyes.
Article Synopsis
- The review summarizes the clinical and anatomical aspects of myopia, highlighting the different stages of myopic maculopathy (MMP) and their association with retinal changes.
- Recent findings show that MMP stage-4 is linked to defects in Bruch's membrane and previous macular neovascularization, while stage-3 demonstrates differences based on the presence of these defects.
- Additionally, higher axial lengths in myopic eyes correlate with increased risks for vision loss and certain eye conditions, including open-angle glaucoma, emphasizing the complexity and implications of myopia in aging populations.
Purpose: Anti-seizure medications (ASM) can lower the efficacy of hormonal birth control (BC), while estrogen-containing BC can increase ASM metabolism, altering seizure frequency. Despite these adverse interactions, many youth with epilepsy demonstrate inadequate knowledge about this topic. Thus, there is a need to develop tools that empower youth with epilepsy to make more informed contraceptive decisions.
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- The study looked at how the use and cost of certain medications (non-IV rescue benzodiazepines) changed after new options (intranasal midazolam and diazepam) became available from 2016 to 2022.
- Out of 4,444 patients, over half switched from using rectal diazepam to the new intranasal options, and this trend increased each year.
- The study found that the costs for the last medication patients used were higher than for the first one, meaning those who switched to intranasal medications ended up paying more.
The report describes the novel use of an endoscopic CO2 LASER assisted posterior glottic rotation flap in a professional voice user with non-intubation related posterior glottic insufficiency. The 78-year-old patient presented with progressive dysphonia and dyspnea with speaking with stroboscopy findings of posterior glottic insufficiency.After several empiric voice treatments without improvement, the described surgery was performed to correct posterior glottic insufficiency.
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- The study aimed to analyze how often home, non-intravenous benzodiazepines (non-IV-rBZDs) are prescribed for kids experiencing febrile seizures and identify factors influencing these prescriptions.
- Using data from a significant database spanning 2006 to 2022, the research examined a sample of 82,835 children aged 6 months to 5 years who had febrile seizures.
- Results showed that only about 12% filled a prescription for non-IV-rBZD, with key factors like having complex febrile seizures or being hospitalized for seizures being strongly linked to whether a prescription was given.
Prcis: A large disk, a large parapapillary delta zone and a long axial length may be used as screening criteria to detect glaucomatous optic neuropathy in highly myopic eyes.
Purpose: To describe aspects for screening of glaucomatous optic neuropathy in dependence of refractive error, under special consideration of high myopia.
Methods/results: Studies on the anatomy of the myopic optic nerve head and results of investigations on the relationship between glaucomatous optic neuropathy and axial myopia were included.
Myopic Macular Atrophy in the Two-Continent Population-Based Study.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
July 2024
Purpose: To examine the prevalence of Bruch's membrane defects (BMDs) and subretinal proliferations (SRPs) in highly myopic eyes with myopic macular atrophy (myopic macular degeneration [MMD] stage 4) and myopic patchy atrophies (MMD stage 3) in three ethnically different cohorts recruited in a population-based manner.
Methods: The Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS) and Beijing Eye Study (BES) included individuals aged 40+ years, and the Ural Very Old Study (UVOS) examined individuals aged 85+ years. Main outcome measures were the prevalence of BMDs and SRPs.
Article Synopsis
- Acute laryngeal injury (ALgI) is a complication of prolonged intubation that may affect decannulation rates, and this study reviews its incidence and characteristics among post-intubated patients.
- The study found that 49 out of 119 patients developed ALgI, with female patients, higher BMI, and shorter stature being more common among those affected, while decannulation rates were lower for these patients.
- Factors like lower Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and lack of tobacco use were associated with successful decannulation, and conservative treatment for ALgI showed limited success after 71 days post-extubation.
Article Synopsis
- Extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGANs) are those born at 28 weeks or earlier and face high risks of preterm birth complications, including infant mortality and neurological issues.
- Despite advancements in care, the rate of preterm births is increasing, and neonatal seizures are a key indicator of potential long-term neurological disorders in these infants.
- The review highlights the need to understand the risk factors associated with neonatal seizures in ELGANs to improve prevention and treatment methods, while also pointing out the limitations of existing studies on the topic.
Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) is the gold standard of imaging the eye in clinics. Penetration depth with such devices is, however, limited and visualization of the choroid, which is essential for diagnosing chorioretinal disease, remains limited. Whereas swept-source OCT (SSOCT) devices allow for visualization of the choroid these instruments are expensive and availability in praxis is limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Intervertebral disc degeneration is frequent in dogs and can be associated with symptoms and functional impairments. The degree of disc degeneration can be assessed on T2-weighted MRI scans using the Pfirrmann classification scheme, which was developed for the human spine. However, it could also be used to quantify the effectiveness of disc regeneration therapies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To examine histological characteristics and differences between drusen beneath the retinal pigment epithelium (small hard drusen) located in the macula and located in the parapapillary region.
Methods: We histomorphometrically examined human eyes enucleated due to uveal melanomas or secondary angle-closure glaucoma.
Results: The study included 106 eyes (age, 62.
Over the past decade, new research has advanced scientific knowledge of neurodevelopmental trajectories, factors that increase neurodevelopmental risk, and neuroprotective strategies for individuals with congenital heart disease. In addition, best practices for evaluation and management of developmental delays and disorders in this high-risk patient population have been formulated based on literature review and expert consensus. This American Heart Association scientific statement serves as an update to the 2012 statement on the evaluation and management of neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with congenital heart disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-Time Detection of Circulating Thrombi in an Extracorporeal Circuit Using Doppler Ultrasound: In-Vitro Proof of Concept Study.
World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg
July 2024
Background: Thromboembolic stroke continues to be by far the most common severe adverse event in patients supported with mechanical circulatory assist devices. Feasibility of using Doppler ultrasound to detect circulating thrombi in an extracorporeal circuit was investigated.
Methods: A mock extracorporeal circulatory loop of uncoated cardiopulmonary bypass tubing and a roller pump was setup.
Oxidative/inflammatory stresses due to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) cause prolonged microglia activation and cortical dysmaturation, thereby contributing to neurodevelopmental impairments in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). This study found that delivery of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) via CPB minimizes microglial activation and neuronal apoptosis, with subsequent improvement of cortical dysmaturation and behavioral alteration after neonatal cardiac surgery. Furthermore, transcriptomic analyses suggest that exosome-derived miRNAs may be the key drivers of suppressed apoptosis and STAT3-mediated microglial activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To examine Bruch's membrane (BM) in association with the longitudinal part of the ciliary muscle (LPCM) in the pars plana region.
Methods: Using light microscopy, we histomorphometrically assessed BM and the LPCM in the pars plana region.
Results: The histomorphometric study included 51 eyes (51 patients; mean age: 60.
Objective: Primary repair in the first six months of life is routine for tetralogy of Fallot, complete atrioventricular septal defect, and ventricular septal defect in high-income countries. The objective of this analysis was to understand the utilization and outcomes of palliative and reparative procedures in high versus middle-income countries.
Methods: The World Database of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery identified patients who underwent surgery for: tetralogy of Fallot, complete atrioventricular septal defect, and ventricular septal defect.
Purpose: To explore the prevalence and associations of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in China.
Design: Population-based incidence estimate and cross-sectional study.
Methods: The participants (n=3468) of the Beijing Eye Study underwent a detailed ophthalmologic and systemic examination including assessment of the ankle-brachial index (ABI).
Article Synopsis
- The study retrospectively analyzed the use and costs of antiseizure medications (ASM) in the U.S. from 2006 to 2021, tracking 347,158 patients with epilepsy.
- Initially, the most prescribed ASMs were valproate and phenytoin, but by 2021, levetiracetam and lamotrigine became the most common for both pediatric and adult cases, while generic ASM usage surged from 23% to 83%.
- The average wholesale price of ASM per person-year doubled, with brand-name drugs seeing a 419% increase and generic drugs a 462% increase, although patients' out-of-pocket expenses for generics dropped significantly, by 37%.
To examine the size of the ciliary body stroma (CBS) in dependence of the morphology of the anterior chamber angle in enucleated human eyes, we histomorphometrically examined human enucleated eyes. The study included 107 eyes (with a mean axial length of 25.1 ± 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To explore the prevalence and causes of loss of visual acuity and visual field in highly myopic eyes.
Design: Population-based study.
Participants: 4439 subjects of the Beijing Eye Study underwent ophthalmological and systemic examinations including frequency doubling technology perimetry.
Purpose: To examine the spatial relationships between the retinal inner nuclear layer (INL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer, Bruch's membrane (BM), and choriocapillaris in the parapapillary region.
Methods: Human eyes enucleated due to uveal melanomas or secondary angle-closure glaucoma were histomorphometrically examined. We compared the tissue dimensions between four groups of eyes categorized based on the presence/absence of high myopia and glaucoma.