Synthesis of BaZrS and BaHfS Chalcogenide Perovskite Films Using Single-Phase Molecular Precursors at Moderate Temperatures.

Chalcogenide perovskites have garnered interest for applications in semiconductor devices due to their excellent predicted optoelectronic properties and stability. However, high synthesis temperatures have historically made these materials incompatible with the creation of photovoltaic devices. Here, we demonstrate the solution processed synthesis of luminescent BaZrS and BaHfS chalcogenide perovskite films using single-phase molecular precursors at sulfurization temperatures of 575 °C and sulfurization times as short as one hour.

Near-the-Line Steel Slag Analysis Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: Traditional Univariate Versus Machine Learning Calibration Methods.

This work is focused on rapid quantitative analysis of slag in the steel industry for improved process control. The novel approach in this work is a direct comparison of two methods to calibrate and quantify spectral data from the slags. Calibration was first done with the most prevalent method in quantitative optical emission spectroscopy (OES) of solids, the univariate ratio method.

A global reconnaissance of particulates and metals/metalloids in untreated drinking water sources.

Metal and metalloid contamination in drinking water sources is a global concern, particularly in developing countries. This study used hollow membrane water filters and metal-capturing polyurethane foams to sample 71 drinking water sources in 22 different countries. Field sampling was performed with sampling kits prepared in the lab at Hope College in Holland, MI, USA.

Diarrhea prevalence in a randomized, controlled prospective trial of point-of-use water filters in homes and schools in the Dominican Republic.

Background: Lack of sustainable access to clean drinking water continues to be an issue of paramount global importance, leading to millions of preventable deaths annually. Best practices for providing sustainable access to clean drinking water, however, remain unclear. Widespread installation of low-cost, in-home, point of use water filtration systems is a promising strategy.

Brain activation patterns in major depressive disorder and work stress-related long-term sick leave among Swedish females.

Deficits in executive functioning and working memory associated with frontal lobe dysfunction are prominent in depression and work-related long-term sick leave (LTSL). This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate potential differences in brain activation patterns in these conditions. In addition, the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis was examined and compared between groups.

Cognitive deficits in relation to personality type and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction in women with stress-related exhaustion.

Exhaustion caused by long-term work-related stress may cause cognitive dysfunction. We explored factors that may link chronic stress and cognitive impairment. Personality, psychiatric screening, and behavior were assessed by self-reporting measures in 20 female patients (mean age 39.

Structural and functional consequences of missense mutations in exon 5 of the lipoprotein lipase gene.

Missense mutations in exon 5 of the LPL gene are the most common reported cause of LPL deficiency. Exon 5 is also the region with the strongest homology to pancreatic and hepatic lipase, and is conserved in LPL from different species. Mutant LPL proteins from post-heparin plasma from patients homozygous for missense mutations at amino acid positions 176, 188, 194, 205, and 207, and from COS cells transiently transfected with the corresponding cDNAs were quantified and characterized, in an attempt to determine which aspect of enzyme function was affected by each specific mutation.