The Coagulopathy of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: A Prospective, Observational Study.

Objective: To evaluate the hemostatic system in patients undergoing surgery for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) compared with those undergoing elective aortic procedures.

Design: This was a prospective, observational study.

Setting: The study was performed at a single university hospital.

Inflation lung mechanics deteriorates markedly after saline instillation and open endotracheal suctioning in mechanically ventilated healthy piglets.

Introduction: Non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage is an alternative to diagnostic bronchoscopy in pediatric patients, as fiberoptic bronchoscopes with aspiration channels are too large for small infants. There are many variations of the method in clinical practice, and saline instillation followed by open endotracheal suctioning is still commonly used. Lung function can deteriorate with these procedures, and we have investigated the effects on lung mechanics and oxygenation in healthy piglets.

Incomplete protection by prophylactic surfactant against the adverse effects of large lung inflations at birth in immature lambs.

Objective: To investigate whether preceding surfactant instillation prevents the harmful effect of large lung inflations at birth in immature lambs, and, if not, to find out for how long the immature lung remains sensitive to large inflations.

Design: In an exploratory study, 12 preterm lambs given surfactant at birth were randomized to receive five large lung inflations at four different times: at birth just before or immediately after surfactant treatment; at 10 min; or at 60 min of age. In a confirmatory study, 10 pairs of preterm lamb twins were all given surfactant before the first breath.

Coronary flow reserve in the newborn lamb: an intracoronary Doppler guide wire study.

Recent studies indicate a severely reduced coronary flow reserve (CFR) in neonates with congenital heart disease. The significance of these studies remains debatable, as the ability of the anatomically normal neonatal heart to increase coronary flow is currently unknown. This study was designed to establish normal values for CFR in newborns after administration of adenosine [pharmacologic CFR (pCFR)] and as induced by acute hypoxemia (reactive CFR).