Rapid Diagnostic Platform for Personalized Vitamin B6 Detection in Erythrocytes PLP Cofactor Mimics.

Personalized assessment of vitamin levels in point-of-care (POC) devices is urgently needed to advance the recognition of diseases associated with malnutrition and unbalanced diets. We here introduce a diagnostic platform, which showcases an easy and rapid readout of vitamin B6 (pyridoxal phosphate, PLP) levels in erythrocytes as a first step toward a home-use POC. The technology is based on fluorescent probes, which bind to PLP-dependent enzymes (PLP-DEs) and thereby indirectly report their occupancy with endogenous B6.

Tranylcypromine specificity for monoamine oxidase is limited by promiscuous protein labelling and lysosomal trapping.

Monoamine oxidases MAOA and MAOB catalyze important cellular functions such as the deamination of neurotransmitters. Correspondingly, MAO inhibitors are used for the treatment of severe neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression. A commonly prescribed drug against refractory depression is tranylcypromine, however, the side effects are poorly understood.

Broad Spectrum Antibiotic Xanthocillin X Effectively Kills Dysregulation of Heme Biosynthesis.

Isonitrile natural products exhibit promising antibacterial activities. However, their mechanism of action (MoA) remains largely unknown. Based on the nanomolar potency of xanthocillin X () against diverse difficult-to-treat Gram-negative bacteria, including the critical priority pathogen , we performed in-depth studies to decipher its MoA.

Chemical Probe To Monitor the Parkinsonism-Associated Protein DJ-1 in Live Cells.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the onset of Parkinson's disease (PD), and deciphering protective mechanisms is a major goal for therapeutic development. Here, DJ-1 (PARK7) gained major attention when a conserved cysteine residue with a putative role in oxidative stress sensing/protection was linked to PD. Inspired by previous studies with a bacterial homologue of DJ-1, several amino-epoxycylcohexenones were screened for enzyme inhibition, and a chemical probe with specificity for the human ortholog was selected for cellular studies.

Influence of wing-tip substituents and reaction conditions on the structure, properties and cytotoxicity of Ag(i)- and Au(i)-bis(NHC) complexes.

The formation of different conformers of dinuclear silver(i) and gold(i) 1,1'-(2-hydroxyethane-1,1-diyl) bridge-functionalized bis(NHC) complexes with various wing-tip substituents (R = methyl, isopropyl and mesityl) has been investigated using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and SC-XRD as well as DFT calculations. The ratio of anti/syn isomers strongly depends both on wing-tip substituents and the metal. Moreover, the reaction temperature plays a significant role during the transmetallation process for the ratio of gold(i) conformers, which is further affected by purification procedures.