Urinary Tract Infection in Children and the Potential Role of Pivmecillinam as a Treatment Option.

We investigated the potential role of pivmecillinam in the treatment of urinary tract infections in children. Among 351 children (0-6 years) with urinary tract infections, 83% could be treated with pivmecillinam following urine culture. Resistance was highest in infants (0-3 months) caused by the high prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis.

Success rates of decolonisation treatment and risk factors for chronic carriage in methicillin-resistant throat carriers: a retrospective population-based cohort study.

Background: Throat carriage of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) has previously been associated with lower decolonisation treatment success rates.

Objectives: To characterise decolonisation treatment and outcome in Danish MRSA throat carriers.

Methods: This retrospective population-based cohort study included MRSA throat carriers between July, 2018 and June, 2019, in the Capital Region of Denmark.

Clinical Relevance of Specific IgE in Penicillin Allergy Investigation.

Introduction: Patients with immediate type allergic reactions to penicillins are at risk of anaphylaxis on reexposure. Diagnostic gold standard is drug provocation test (DPT) if allergy is not diagnosed by other means, such as skin testing or in vitro testing with measurement of specific IgE. Specific IgE testing carries low risk for the patient and blood sampling can be performed in primary care, but it is reported to have low sensitivity.

The added value of perineal swabs when screening for asymptomatic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization and risk factors for perineal carriage.

We examined the added value of perineal swabs in addition to nose and throat swabs when screening for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization, and risk factors for perineal carriage in 6,642 patients. In our mainly primary care setting, the added value was 9.3%.

Examining the influence of Covid-19 restrictions, a nurse strike, and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection on bacteremia mortality: A Danish population-based cohort study (2019-2022).

Objectives: Bacteremia is an acute severe infection with high mortality. Changes in healthcare services and coinfections with SARS-CoV-2 may have affected the mortality for bacteremia during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has been reported for other major diseases. In this study we examine the all-cause bacteremia mortality amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.

Inhaled corticosteroids and in outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are widely used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, ICS are associated with an increased risk of adverse effects.We aimed to determine whether an association between a lower respiratory tract culture with and increasing ICS dosing in patients with COPD exists.

Carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in children <6 years old: a retrospective follow-up study of the natural course and effectiveness of decolonization treatment.

Background: Decolonization treatment of MRSA carriers is recommended in Denmark, except in households with MRSA-positive children <2 years old (wait-and-see approach).

Objectives: To investigate a wait-and-see approach in children 2-5 years old, and the effect of decolonization treatment of MRSA carriage in all children <6 years old.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective follow-up study, we included MRSA carriers <6 years old in the Capital Region of Denmark from 2007 to 2021.

Mortality and exacerbations associated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A regional cohort study of 22,689 outpatients.

Objectives: The clinical significance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in patients with COPD is poorly understood. We aimed to determine whether a lower respiratory tract culture positive for S. maltophilia in COPD patients was independently associated with increased risk of death and hospitalisation for exacerbation of COPD.

Inhaled corticosteroids and risk of lower respiratory tract infection with in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and has been associated with an increased risk of pneumonia. is one of the most common bacterial causes of infectious exacerbation in COPD. Currently, to our knowledge, no studies have investigated if ICS increases the risk of lower respiratory tract infection with in patients with COPD.

Delabeling of Penicillin Allergy: Room for Improvement.

Background: Penicillin allergy labels have been shown to be associated with suboptimal treatment, negative health outcomes, and increased antibiotic resistance. Many inpatients claim to have penicillin allergy, but studies show that allergy can be disproved and the label removed in up to 90% of cases.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the proportion of patients with a penicillin allergy label in a Danish hospital and to classify patients according to the risk of having penicillin allergy in "no risk," low, and high risk.

Inhaled Corticosteroids in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Risk of Acquiring Infection. A Multiregional Epidemiological Study.

Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are associated with an increased risk of clinical pneumonia among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is unknown whether the risk of microbiologically verified pneumonia such as pneumococcal pneumonia is increased in ICS users.

Methods: The study population consists of all COPD patients followed in outpatient clinics in eastern Denmark during 2010-2017.

Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Risk of Acquiring in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are widely used in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), despite the known risk of severe adverse effects including pulmonary infections. Research Question: Our study investigates the risk of acquiring a positive Haemophilus influenzae airway culture with use of ICS in outpatients with COPD. Study Design and Methods: We conducted an epidemiological cohort study using data from 1 January 2010 to 19 February 2018, including 21,218 outpatients with COPD in Denmark.

Safe De-Labeling of Patients at Low Risk of Penicillin Allergy in Denmark.

Introduction: Penicillin allergy is suspected in 10% of hospital inpatients but can be disproved in 90% of cases. Direct oral provocation without preceding tests among low-risk patients has proven to be safe in studies of both children and adults and is gaining use across the world. The aims of this study were to investigate the rate of severe allergic reactions to direct oral drug provocation, without preceding tests, in penicillin allergy patients stratified to be at low risk, as well as to examine if these patients have barriers to penicillin allergy de-labeling and future use of penicillins.

Use of inhaled corticosteroids and risk of acquiring in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are commonly used to treat COPD and are associated with increased risk of pneumonia. The aim of this study was to assess if accumulated use of ICS is associated with a dose-dependent risk of a positive airway culture with in patients with COPD.

Methods: We conducted a multiregional epidemiological cohort study including Danish COPD patients followed in outpatient clinics during 2010-2017.

[Early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotic treatment].

During the latest decades, the efficacy and safety of an early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics has been the topic of several investigations. In this review, we summarise the results of studies, which have shown that it is safe to treat mild infections with oral antibiotics only. For more severe infections, three days of intravenous antibiotics followed by oral antibiotics is typically sufficient.

Intravenous mecillinam compared with other β-lactams as targeted treatment for Escherichia coli or Klebsiella spp. bacteraemia with urinary tract focus.

Background: Mecillinam (amdinocillin) is active against Gram-negative bacteria. Clinical data on the efficacy of IV mecillinam for severe urinary tract infections is sparse.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of targeted IV mecillinam compared with other β-lactams for bacteraemia with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp.

All-cause Mortality Due to Bacteremia during a 60-Day Non-Physician Healthcare Worker Strike.

This study explored all-cause mortality of bacteremia diagnosed during a 60-day non-physician healthcare worker strike in 2008. A significant change, with 5.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.

Pivmecillinam compared to other antimicrobials for community-acquired urinary tract infections with , ESBL-producing or not a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To compare the therapeutic effect of pivmecillinam and other common oral antibiotics for community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)- or non-ESBL-producing

Methods: Retrospective cohort study from 2010 to mid-2016 with data from the regional Laboratory Database and three national databases on antibiotic prescriptions, hospital admission, and mortality, respectively. Primary care patients (≥18 years) empirically treated for UTI caused by non-ESBL- or ESBL-producing (non-ESBL and ESBL ) were included. Seven antibiotics, commonly used empirically for UTI, were investigated.

Treatment duration of pivmecillinam in men, non-pregnant and pregnant women for community-acquired urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli: a retrospective Danish cohort study.

Objectives: To evaluate the importance of treatment duration for therapeutic efficacy of pivmecillinam for community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Escherichia coli.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 1 January 2010 and 30 September 2016 in adults with community-acquired E. coli bacteriuria, treated empirically with pivmecillinam.

[Antibiotic stewardship has been established at Herlev Hospital].

A high incidence of Clostridium difficile and multiresistant organisms and increasing consumption of cephalosporins and quinolones have required an antibiotic stewardship programme, and antibiotic audits with feedback, revised guidelines and stringent prescription rules have been successful. The hospital intervention was managed by an antibiotic team combined with contact persons in all departments, a pocket edition of the guideline was available, and monthly commented reports about antibiotic consumption in each department were presented on the intranet. Significant declining use of restricted antibiotics was observed.