Disposition of serum steroids in response to combined oral contraceptives and menstrual cycle phases: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

To analyze doping control samples from female athletes demands understanding of non-doping factors that affect the steroid profile. These could be physiological factors such as exercise, alcohol consumption, hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, or the effect of commonly used approved drugs like combined oral contraceptives. Urine samples have been the main way of doping testing, but serum samples are proposed as a complement.

Development and initial validation of a Swedish inventory to screen for symptoms of deficient perineum in women after vaginal childbirth: 'Karolinska Symptoms After Perineal Tear Inventory'.

Background: Perineal tears are common after vaginal birth and may result in pelvic floor symptoms. However, there is no validated questionnaire that addresses long-term symptoms in women with a deficient perineum after vaginal birth. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop and psychometrically evaluate a clinical screening inventory that estimates subjective symptoms in women with a deficient perineum more than one year after vaginal delivery.

Klotho Polymorphism in Association With Serum Testosterone and Knee Strength in Women After Testosterone Administration.

Administration of testosterone (T) is associated with increased serum T concentrations and improved physical performance in women. However, the inter-individual variation in T concentrations after T treatment is large and may in part be due to genetic variations. Serum T, as well as dihydrotestosterone (DHT), androstenedione (A) and the T/A ratio have been suggested as promising doping biomarkers for testosterone intake.

Enhanced Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Capillary-to-Fiber Ratio Following Moderately Increased Testosterone Exposure in Young Healthy Women.

Recently, it was shown that exogenously administered testosterone enhances endurance capacity in women. In this study, our understanding on the effects of exogenous testosterone on key determinants of oxygen transport and utilization in skeletal muscle is expanded. In a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 48 healthy active women were randomized to 10 weeks of daily application of 10 mg of testosterone cream or placebo.

Disposition of Urinary and Serum Steroid Metabolites in Response to Testosterone Administration in Healthy Women.

Context: Little is known about how exogenous testosterone (T) affects the steroid profile in women. More knowledge would give the antidoping community keys as to how to interpret tests and detect doping.

Objective: This work aimed to investigate the steroid profile in serum and urine in young healthy women after T administration.

Effects of moderately increased testosterone concentration on physical performance in young women: a double blind, randomised, placebo controlled study.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a moderate increase in serum testosterone on physical performance in young, physically active, healthy women.

Methods: A double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial was conducted between May 2017 and June 2018 (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03210558).

Impact of hormonal contraceptives on urinary steroid profile in relation to serum hormone changes and CYP17A1 polymorphism.

To detect doping with endogenous steroids, six urinary steroids are longitudinally monitored in the athlete biological passport (ABP). These steroids include testosterone, etiocholanolone, androsterone, 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol, 5β-androstane-3α,17β-diol, and the testosterone isomer epitestosterone. It is known that the intake of hormonal contraceptives may interfere with the ABP biomarkers.