Prevalence and Possible Factors of Myopia in Norwegian Adolescents.

East Asia has experienced an excessive increase in myopia in the past decades with more than 80% of the younger generation now affected. Environmental and genetic factors are both assumed to contribute in the development of refractive errors, but the etiology is unknown. The environmental factor argued to be of greatest importance in preventing myopia is high levels of daylight exposure.

The relationship between perifoveal achromatic, L- and M-cone acuity and retinal structure as assessed with multimodal high resolution imaging.

The relationships between perifoveal measures of achromatic-, L- and M-cone acuity and retinal structure were investigated in healthy young males. Thirty-two males, aged 20-39years, with normal foveal logMAR letter acuity and no observed ocular abnormalities participated in the study. Achromatic and isolated L- and M-cone spatial acuity was measured in the dominant eye with a Sloan E letter of 90% achromatic decrement contrast or 23% increment cone contrast, respectively.