A Pre-Vaccination Baseline of SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Surveillance and Diversity in the United States.

COVID-19 vaccines were first administered on 15 December 2020, marking an important transition point for the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States (U.S.).

2020 SARS-CoV-2 diversification in the United States: Establishing a pre-vaccination baseline.

Unlabelled: In 2020, SARS-CoV-2 spread across the United States (U.S.) in three phases distinguished by peaks in the numbers of infections and shifting geographical distribution.

Genetic diversity of simian immunodeficiency virus encoding HIV-1 reverse transcriptase persists in macaques despite antiretroviral therapy.

The impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the genetics of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) populations has been incompletely characterized. We analyzed SIV genetic variation before, during, and after ART in a macaque model. Six pigtail macaques were infected with an SIV/HIV chimeric virus, RT-SHIV(mne), in which SIV reverse transcriptase (RT) was replaced by HIV-1 RT.