Total knee arthroplasty using a cemented single-radius, condylar-stabilized design performed without posterior cruciate ligament sacrifice.

Aims: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with a highly congruent condylar-stabilized (CS) articulation may be advantageous due to increased stability versus cruciate-retaining (CR) designs, while mitigating the limitations of a posterior-stabilized construct. The aim was to assess ten-year implant survival and functional outcomes of a cemented single-radius TKA with a CS insert, performed without posterior cruciate ligament sacrifice.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing TKA at a specialist centre in the UK between November 2010 and December 2012.

Mid-term results of an anatomic total knee replacement design.

Introduction: A significant proportion of patients remain dissatisfied following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. Reasons for this are unclear. Contemporary implants seek to mirror innate anatomy.

Is the mechanical function of meniscal tissue altered in osteoarthritic knees?

Background: Deteriorating meniscal function is thought to play a role in knee osteoarthritis. Meniscal proteoglycans maintain mechanical stiffness of the tissue through electrostatic effects. This study aimed to investigate whether the mechanical properties of macroscopically intact meniscus are preserved in osteoarthritis.

The estimated lifetime risk of revision after primary knee arthroplasty is influenced by age, sex, and indication.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with the estimated lifetime risk of revision surgery after primary knee arthroplasty (KA).

Methods: All patients from the Scottish Arthroplasty Project dataset undergoing primary KA during the period 1 January 1998 to 31 December 2019 were included. The cumulative incidence function for revision and death was calculated up to 20 years.

Computed tomography scan measurements of the globe and orbit to assess the risks of traumatic complications from medial peribulbar anaesthesia.

Complications of peribulbar anaesthesia include retrobulbar haemorrhage, globe perforation and brainstem anaesthesia. Therefore, this study took measurements relating the proximity of medial canthus to the optic nerve and also the safe angle between orbit and globe using 200 multiplanar reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images of the orbit. The principal results show that in 1.

Perioperative air travel increases the risk of venous thromboembolism following lower limb arthroplasty.

Purpose: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant complication following lower limb arthroplasty (LLA). There is a paucity of evidence with regard to air travel following LLA. Orthopaedic surgeons are often asked by patients regarding air travel following LLA, and there is a need for evidence to guide these patients.

Long-term mortality rates and associated risk factors following primary and revision knee arthroplasty : 107,121 patients from the Scottish Arthroplasty Project.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the long-term mortality rate, and to identify factors associated with this, following primary and revision knee arthroplasty (KA).

Methods: Data from the Scottish Arthroplasty Project (1998 to 2019) were retrospectively analyzed. Patient mortality data were linked from the National Records of Scotland.

Resuming elective orthopaedic services during the COVID-19 pandemic : our experience.

Aims: The aim of this study was to surveil whether the standard operating procedure created for the NHS Golden Jubilee sufficiently managed COVID-19 risk to allow safe resumption of elective orthopaedic surgery.

Methods: This was a prospective study of all elective orthopaedic patients within an elective unit running a green pathway at a COVID-19 light site. Rates of preoperative and 30-day postoperative COVID-19 symptoms or infection were examined for a period of 40 weeks.

Dynamic stability during stair negotiation after total knee arthroplasty.

Background: The assessment of dynamic stability is crucial for the prevention of falls in the elderly and people with functional impairments. Evidence that total knee arthroplasty improves balance in patients with severe osteoarthritis is scarce and no information exists about how the surgery affects dynamic stability during stair negotiation.

Methods: This study aims to investigate if patients before and one year after surgery are less stable compared to asymptomatic controls.

Identifying car ingress movement strategies before and after total knee replacement.

: Post-operative performance of knee bearings is typically assessed in activities of daily living by means of motion capture. Biomechanical studies predominantly explore common tasks such as walking, standing and stair climbing, while overlooking equally demanding activities such as embarking a vehicle. : The aim of this work is to evaluate changes in the movement habits of patients after total knee arthroplasty surgery in comparison to healthy age-matched control participants.

The effect of hospital case volume on re-revision following revision total knee arthroplasty.

Aims: The aim of this study was to measure the effect of hospital case volume on the survival of revision total knee arthroplasty (RTKA).

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of Scottish Arthroplasty Project data, a nationwide audit which prospectively collects data on all arthroplasty procedures performed in Scotland. The primary outcome was RTKA survival at ten years.

Differences in the vertical and horizontal force-velocity profile between academy and senior professional rugby league players, and the implications for strength and speed training.

Background: This study compared the vertical and horizontal force-velocity (FV) profile of academy and senior rugby league players.

Methods: Nineteen senior and twenty academy players from one professional club participated in this study. The vertical FV profile was determined using a series of loaded squat jumps (0.

National operating volume for primary hip and knee arthroplasty in the COVID-19 era: a study utilizing the Scottish arthroplasty project dataset.

Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a national suspension of "non-urgent" elective hip and knee arthroplasty. The study aims to measure the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) volume in Scotland. Secondary objectives are to measure the success of restarting elective services and model the time required to bridge the gap left by the first period of suspension.

Implant design affects walking and stair navigation after total knee arthroplasty: a double-blinded randomised controlled trial.

Background: Dissimilar total knee arthroplasty implant designs offer different functional characteristics. This is the first work in the literature to fully assess the Columbus ultra-congruent mobile (UCR) system with a rotating platform.

Methods: This is a double-blinded randomised controlled trial, comparing the functional performance of the low congruent fixed (CR DD), ultra-congruent fixed (UC) and UCR Columbus Total Knee Systems.

Protrusion-Mediated Signaling Regulates Patterning of the Developing Nervous System.

During brain development, the tissue pattern and specification are the foundation of neuronal circuit formation. Contact-mediated lateral inhibition is well known to play an important role in determining cell fate decisions in the nervous system by either regulating tissue boundary formation or the classical salt-and-pepper pattern of differentiation that results from direct neighboring cell contacts. In many systems, however, such as the notum, wing, zebrafish pigmented cells, and zebrafish spinal cord, the differentiation pattern occurs at multiple-cell diameter distances.

3D biofabrication for soft tissue and cartilage engineering.

Soft tissue injuries (STIs) affect patients of all age groups and represent a common worldwide clinical problem, resulting from conditions including trauma, infection, cancer and burns. Within the spectrum of STIs a mixture of tissues can be injured, ranging from skin to underlying nerves, blood vessels, tendons and cartilaginous tissues. However, significant limitations affect current treatment options and clinical demand for soft tissue and cartilage regenerative therapies continues to rise.

Montmorency tart cherry juice does not reduce markers of muscle soreness, function and inflammation following professional male rugby League match-play.

Rugby League (RL) match-play causes muscle damage, inflammation and symptoms of fatigue. To facilitate recovery, nutritional interventions are often employed, including Montmorency cherry juice (MC). We assessed the effects of MC on recovery following RL match-play in eleven male professional RL players who played in two matches (7-days apart) with MC or placebo (PLB) supplemented for 5-days pre-match, matchday and 2-days post-match.

Development of anthropometric characteristics in professional Rugby League players: Is there too much emphasis on the pre-season period?

Rugby League is a team sport requiring players to experience large impact collisions, thus requiring high amounts of muscle mass. Many players (academy and senior) strive to increase muscle mass during the pre-season, however, quantification of changes during this period have not been thoroughly investigated. We therefore assessed changes in body-composition using Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) in eleven academy players over three successive pre-seasons and ninety-three senior players from four different European Super League clubs prior to, and at the end of, a pre-season training period.

3D bioprinting of mature bacterial biofilms for antimicrobial resistance drug testing.

The potential to bioprint and study 3D bacterial biofilm constructs could have great clinical significance at a time when antimicrobial resistance is rising to dangerously high levels worldwide. In this study, clinically relevant bacterial species including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 3D bioprinted using a double-crosslinked alginate bioink to form mature bacteria biofilms, characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and fluorescent staining. Solid and porous bacteria-laden constructs were reproducibly bioprinted with thicknesses ranging from 0.

Microfluidic Fabrication of Biomimetic Helical Hydrogel Microfibers for Blood-Vessel-on-a-Chip Applications.

Nature has created many perfect helical microstructures, including DNA, collagen fibrils, and helical blood vessels, to achieve unique physiological functions. While previous studies have developed a number of microfabrication strategies, the preparation of complex helical structures and cell-laden helical structures for biomimetic applications remains challenging. In this study, a one-step microfluidics-based methodology is presented for preparing complex helical hydrogel microfibers and cell-laden helical hydrogel microfibers.

A new landmark for measuring tibial component rotation after total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Existing methods for assessment of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) component rotation on computed tomography (CT) scans are complex, especially in relation to the tibial component. Anecdotal evidence from our practice pointed towards a potential new landmark. The study aims were to check the prevalence of this landmark, define tibial component rotation in relation to it and demonstrate its reliability.

The ionic contribution of proteoglycans to mechanical stiffness of the meniscus.

Load transmission is an important function of the meniscus. In articular cartilage, proteoglycans help maintain hydration via negatively charged moieties. We aimed to investigate the influence of electrostatic effects on stiffness of meniscal tissue.

Lower limb alignment becomes more varus and hyperextended from supine to bipedal stance in asymptomatic, osteoarthritic and prosthetic neutral or varus knees.

Purpose: Knee alignment is a fundamental measurement in the assessment, monitoring and surgical management of patients with osteoarthritis. There is a lack of data regarding how static tibiofemoral alignment varies between supine and standing conditions. This study aimed to quantify the relationship between supine and standing lower limb alignment in asymptomatic, osteoarthritic (OA) and prosthetic (TKA) knees.

arthroplasty infection: beware of occult aortitis and malignancy.

Introduction: The species are responsible for life-threatening conditions such as tetanus, botulism and gas gangrene. is a rare cause of clinical infection, accounting for less than 1% of blood culture samples that test positive for . However, bacteraemia is associated with greater than 60% mortality and in over 80% of cases is associated with an underlying malignancy.