Mechanical and thermodynamic routes to the liquid-liquid interfacial tension and mixing free energy by molecular dynamics.

In this study, we carried out equilibrium molecular dynamics (EMD) simulations of the liquid-liquid (LL) interface between two different Lennard-Jones components with varying miscibility, where we examined the relation between the interfacial tension and the free energy to completely isolate the two liquids using both a mechanical and thermodynamic approach. Using the mechanical approach, we obtained a stress distribution around a quasi-one-dimensional EMD system with a flat LL interface. From the stress distribution, we calculated the LL interfacial tension based on Bakker's equation, which uses the stress anisotropy around the interface, and measured how it varied with miscibility.

A model-driven approach for prospective ergonomics: application to ikigai robotics.

Prospective Ergonomics requires building a vision of the future, which can be achieved empirically (e.g. analysing unmet needs) and/or creatively (e.

Efficacy of the CARES® Dementia 5-Step Method for Hospitals™ Online Training and Certification Program for hospital staff.

The main objective of the current study was to ascertain the efficacy of a newly developed online, video-based dementia training and certification program for hospital staff, the CARES® Dementia 5-Step Method for Hospitals™ Online Training and Certification Program. A parallel randomized waitlist control design was utilized. Participants (N = 272) completed online pre-evaluation measures.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in food and beverages: determination by LC-HRMS and occurrence in products from the Belgian market.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are industrial chemicals encompassing thousands of compounds. Due to their persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic character, PFAS have become environmental contaminants, and exposure to these chemicals may lead to adverse health effects. This study aimed to provide a sensitive analytical method for the quantification of 25 PFAS in food including food for the young population and beverages, and to gather the missing occurrence data for the dietary exposure evaluation for the Belgian population.

Early wave reflection of carotid artery is associated with 18 F-FDG PET hypometabolism in Alzheimer's brain areas of cognitively normal adults.

Introduction: Arterial stiffening likely plays a role in Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis. The current study investigated whether inter-individual variations in arterial stiffness and pressure wave parameters were associated with 18 F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) metabolism in AD-associated brain areas throughout adulthood, independently of age and before the onset of any neuropsychological disorders.

Methods: A prospective, large age-range population of 67 patients (17 young, 16 middle-aged, and 34 older adults; 37 women) underwent a: brain 18 F-FDG PET, blood pressure recording, and carotid/femoral pulse wave-based measurements, including the time-to-peak of the reflected backward carotid pulse wave (bT), on the same day.

Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder in a Patient With Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency: A Case Report.

A 13-year-old male with a past medical history of receiving a whole liver transplant secondary to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) with subsequent inferior vena cava thrombosis nine years prior presented to the emergency department with abdominal distension, shortness of breath, coughing, and left superficial cervical lymphadenopathy. He had seen his pediatrician the day before where he tested negative for group A , influenza, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Additionally, the patient reported having elevated liver function tests noted from the results of lab tests taken earlier that day.

Testing and characterization of herding dogs' behaviors.

Breeding for phenotype in herding dogs (HDs) mainly relies on their performance in national field trial competitions, which has been shown to be inadequate for identifying HDs suited for real livestock farming conditions. In this study, a different field trial with a new scoring system consisting of 28 items to consider was designed to assess young HDs, the results of which culminated in a statement of adequate phenotype (AP) or non-adequate phenotype (NAP). An AP HD was defined as being able: to control the direction of a flock, to keep it grouped close to a handler when needed, to confront animals it is dealing with in a respectful manner, and able to create movement of the flock without excessive disturbance, threatening or attacking it through chasing, or uncontrolled biting.

An Overview of Opioid Prescription Patterns among Non-Opioid Users Following Emergency Department Admission.

The evolving landscape of opioid prescription practices necessitates a comprehensive understanding of emerging patterns, particularly among new opioid users discharged from emergency departments. This study delves into the intricate realm of opioid utilization by elucidating the prevalence of their prescriptions. A retrospective analysis of electronic health records was conducted, including a cohort of 71 patients who received opioid prescriptions upon discharge from emergency departments from 1 January 2022 to 30 June 2022.

[Sometimes less is more. Preventing overdiagnosis by sharing decisions].

In this article, we will define «quaternary prevention», which consists in minimizing the iatrogenic effects of medical interventions, and more specifically the notion of «overdiagnosis». We will then discuss how a poor appreciation of the risks, on the part of both patients and clinicians, seems to fuel the phenomenon. We will discuss the interest of placing quaternary prevention within the broader framework of Shared Decision Making.

An Integrated Cognitive-Motivational Model of Ikigai (Purpose in Life) in the Workplace.

In the Japanese philosophy of life, 'ikigai' broadly refers to having a 'reason for living', or a purpose in life. From a phenomenological and empirical viewpoint, ikigai is reported to increase human well-being and even life expectancy. However, it remains difficult to translate, define and formalize with regard to contemporary psychological theories.

Severe pain management in the emergency department: patient pathway as a new factor associated with IV morphine prescription.

Background: Across the world, 25-29% of the population suffer from pain. Pain is the most frequent reason for an emergency department (ED) visit. This symptom is involved in approximately 70% of all ED visits.

From love to pain: is oxytocin the key to grief complications?

While most adults confronted with the death of a loved one manage to grieve, about 10-20% of individuals develop complicated grief, characterized by persistent distress and impaired social skills, or pathological grief, defined by the onset or decompensation of a psychiatric disorder. Little is known about the biological causes of these grief complications. Recent work suggests that oxytocin, a major neuroendocrine hormone regulating many neurocognitive mechanisms, may be involved in this process.

The receding contact line cools down during dynamic wetting.

When a contact line (CL)-where a liquid-vapor interface meets a substrate-is put into motion, it is well known that the contact angle differs between advancing and receding CLs. Using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, we reveal another intriguing distinction between advancing and receding CLs: while temperature increases at an advancing CL-as expected from viscous dissipation, we show that temperature can drop at a receding CL. Detailed quantitative analysis based on the macroscopic energy balance around the dynamic CL showed that the internal energy change of the fluid due to the change of the potential field along the pathline out of the solid-liquid interface induced a remarkable temperature drop around the receding CL, in a manner similar to latent heat upon phase changes.

Enhanced Heat Flow between Charged Nanoparticles and an Aqueous Electrolyte.

Heat transfer through the interface between a metallic nanoparticle and an electrolyte solution has great importance in a number of applications, ranging from nanoparticle-based cancer treatments to nanofluids and solar energy conversion devices. However, the impact of the surface charge and dissolved ions on heat transfer has been scarcely explored so far. In this study, we compute the interface thermal conductance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic charged gold nanoparticles immersed in an electrolyte using equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations.

Integration, effectiveness and costs of different models of primary health care provision for people who are homeless: an evaluation study.

Background: There is a high prevalence of health problems among single people who are homeless. Specialist primary health care services for this population have been developed in several locations across England; however, there have been very few evaluations of these services.

Objectives: This study evaluated the work of different models of primary health care provision in England to determine their effectiveness in engaging people who are homeless in health care and in providing continuity of care for long-term conditions.

Smaller herring larval size-at-stage in response to environmental changes is associated with ontogenic processes and stress response.

Global change puts coastal systems under pressure, affecting the ecology and physiology of marine organisms. In particular, fish larvae are sensitive to environmental conditions, and their fitness is an important determinant of fish stock recruitment and fluctuations. To assess the combined effects of warming, acidification and change in food quality, herring larvae were reared in a control scenario (11°C*pH 8.

Complex coupling between surface charge and thermo-osmotic phenomena.

Thermo-osmotic flows, generated at liquid-solid interfaces by thermal gradients, can be used to produce electric currents from waste heat on charged surfaces. The two key parameters controlling the thermo-osmotic current are the surface charge and the interfacial enthalpy excess due to liquid-solid interactions. While it has been shown that the contribution from water to the enthalpy excess can be crucial, how this contribution is affected by surface charge remained to be understood.

Modelling the pesticide transfer during tea and herbal tea infusions by the identification of critical infusion parameters.

Pesticide residues in tea and herbal tea often exceed EU maximum residue limits. Consideration of the transfer of pesticides from the leaves (called transfer factors) to the brew is essential to assess the associated risk. This study identified infusion parameters influencing the transfer behaviour of 61 pesticides and elaborated a predictive model for pesticides with unknown transfer factors in black, green, herbal and flavoured teas.