Overexpression of miR-199b-5p in Colony Forming Unit-Hill's Colonies Positively Mediates the Inflammatory Response in Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease Model: Metformin Therapy Attenuates Its Expression.

Well-controlled type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is characterized by inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, thus constituting a suitable model of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). miR-199b-5p overexpression in murine CVD has shown proatherosclerotic effects. We hypothesized that miR-199b-5p would be overexpressed in subclinical CVD yet downregulated following metformin therapy.

Upregulation of Anti-Angiogenic miR-106b-3p Correlates Negatively with IGF-1 and Vascular Health Parameters in a Model of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease: Study with Metformin Therapy.

Well-controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is regarded as a model of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD), characterized by inflammation and adverse vascular health. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We investigated insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels, their correlation to miR-106b-3p expression in a subclinical CVD model, and the cardioprotective effect of metformin.

Decoding of miR-7-5p in Colony Forming Unit-Hill Colonies as a Biomarker of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease-A MERIT Study.

Colony forming unit-Hill (CFU-Hill) colonies were established to serve as a sensitive biomarker for vascular health. In animals, the overexpression of miR-7-5p was shown to be pro-atherogenic and associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. In a MERIT study, we aimed to explore the role of miR-7-5p expression in CFU-Hill colonies in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and the effect of metformin in subclinical CVD.

Deciphering the Role of miR-200c-3p in Type 1 Diabetes (Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease) and Its Correlation with Inflammation and Vascular Health.

Uncomplicated type 1 diabetes (T1DM) displays all features of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) as is associated with inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and low endothelial progenitor cells. MiR-200c-3p has been shown in animal tissues to be pro-atherogenic. We aimed to explore the role of miR-200c-3p in T1DM, a model of subclinical CVD.

Upregulated miR-18a-5p in Colony Forming Unit-Hill's in Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease and Metformin Therapy; MERIT Study.

Colony forming unit-Hill's (CFU-Hill's) colonies are hematopoietic-derived cells that participate in neovasculogenesis and serve as a biomarker for vascular health. In animals, overexpression of miR-18a-5p was shown to be pro-atherogenic. We had shown that well-controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by an inflammatory state, endothelial dysfunction, and reduced number of CFU-Hill's, a model of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Subclinical Thyrotoxicosis and Cardiovascular Risk: Assessment of Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells, Proangiogenic Cells, and Endothelial Function.

Background: Subclinical thyrotoxicosis (SCT) is defined by low or undetectable thyroid-stimulating hormones and normal thyroid hormones. The treatment of SCT is uncertain despite being associated with increased cardiovascular risk (CVR) and mortality. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) and circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) have been found to be reduced in conditions with CVR.

Radioactive Iodine for the Treatment of Subclinical Thyrotoxicosis Grade 1 and 2: Outcome of up to 18-Year Follow Up.

Background: Subclinical thyrotoxicosis (SCT) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, specifically increased risk of atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular death. The management is ill-defined due to the scarcity of randomised controlled studies. Some clinicians recommend radioiodine (RAI) treatment however its long-term outcome is unknown.

The prevalence and significance of nonuniform thyroid radio-isotope uptake in patients with Graves' disease.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of nonuniform technetium ( Tc) uptake among patients with Graves' disease (GD).

Design, Patients And Measurements: Patients with GD, referred between July 2005 and March 2018, had Tc - uptake scans and TSH-receptor antibody (TRAb) measured before antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy. Risk of relapse after ATD cessation was monitored until June 2021 and compared between GD patients based on uptake patterns.

Upregulated anti-angiogenic miR-424-5p in type 1 diabetes (model of subclinical cardiovascular disease) correlates with endothelial progenitor cells, CXCR1/2 and other parameters of vascular health.

Background: In spite of clinical progress, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the predominant cause of mortality worldwide. Overexpression studies in animals have proven miR-424-5p to have anti-angiogenic properties. As type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) without CVD displays endothelial dysfunction and reduced circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs), it offers a model of subclinical CVD.

MiR-126, IL-7, CXCR1/2 receptors, inflammation and circulating endothelial progenitor cells: The study on targets for treatment pathways in a model of subclinical cardiovascular disease (type 1 diabetes mellitus).

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is associated with premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a pro-inflammatory state whilst the proangiogenic miR-126-3p/-5p may play a role in CVD. Animal studies established miR-126 to be pro-angiogenic. We hypothesised miR-126-3p/-5p are reduced in T1DM whilst pro-inflammatory cytokines are increased.

The Role of miR-342 in Vascular Health. Study in Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Mononuclear Cells, Plasma, Inflammatory Cytokines and .

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) correlates with inflammation and a reduction in circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs). Recently, CVD was shown to be the main cause of mortality in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). In animals, miR-342 was shown to exert an anti-inflammatory effect in CVD.

Age May Influence the Impact of TRAbs on Thyroid Function and Relapse-Risk in Patients With Graves Disease.

Context: Thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAbs) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Graves disease (GD). However, factors that influence the association of TRAbs with thyroid hormones and relapse risk in GD remain unclear.

Objective: We investigated the associations of TRAbs at diagnosis with thyroid hormones and relapse risk and potential factors that can influence these associations in GD.

Anti-Angiogenic miR-222, miR-195, and miR-21a Plasma Levels in T1DM Are Improved by Metformin Therapy, Thus Elucidating Its Cardioprotective Effect: The MERIT Study.

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) and reduced life expectancy. We thus hypothesized that anti-angiogenic miRs are increased in T1DM, and the cardioprotective effect of metformin is mediated via reducing those miRs. In an open label, case-controlled study, 23 T1DM patients without CVD were treated with metformin for eight weeks (TG), matched with nine T1DM patients on standard treatment (SG) and 23 controls (CG).

Proangiogenic Effect of Metformin in Endothelial Cells Is via Upregulation of VEGFR1/2 and Their Signaling under Hyperglycemia-Hypoxia.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity/mortality worldwide. Metformin is the first therapy offering cardioprotection in type 2 diabetes and non-diabetic animals with unknown mechanism. We have shown that metformin improves angiogenesis via affecting expression of growth factors/angiogenic inhibitors in CD34⁺ cells under hyperglycemia-hypoxia.

Metformin improves circulating endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells in type 1 diabetes: MERIT study.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD). Decreased endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) number plays a pivotal role in reduced endothelial repair and development of CVD. We aimed to determine if cardioprotective effect of metformin is mediated by increasing circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs), pro-angiogenic cells (PACs) and decreasing circulating endothelial cells (cECs) count whilst maintaining unchanged glycemic control.

The Natural History of Subclinical Hyperthyroidism in Graves' Disease: The Rule of Thirds.

Background: There is little information regarding the natural history of subclinical hyperthyroidism (SH) due to Graves' disease (GD).

Methods: A prospective analysis was conducted of patients with SH due to GD between 2007 and 2013 with at least 12 months of follow-up. SH was diagnosed if serum thyrotropin (TSH) was below the laboratory reference range (0.

Metformin improves the angiogenic potential of human CD34⁺ cells co-incident with downregulating CXCL10 and TIMP1 gene expression and increasing VEGFA under hyperglycemia and hypoxia within a therapeutic window for myocardial infarction.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). To identify the most effective treatment for CVD, it is paramount to understand the mechanism behind cardioprotective therapies. Although metformin has been shown to reduce CVD in Type-2 DM clinical trials, the underlying mechanism remains unexplored.

The inflammation, vascular repair and injury responses to exercise in fit males with and without Type 1 diabetes: an observational study.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is associated with raised inflammation, impaired endothelial progenitor cell mobilisation and increased markers of vascular injury. Both acute and chronic exercise is known to influence these markers in non-diabetic controls, but limited data exists in Type 1 diabetes. We assessed inflammation, vascular repair and injury at rest and after exercise in physically-fit males with and without Type 1 diabetes.

Linkage Analysis in Autoimmune Addison's Disease: NFATC1 as a Potential Novel Susceptibility Locus.

Background: Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) is a rare, highly heritable autoimmune endocrinopathy. It is possible that there may be some highly penetrant variants which confer disease susceptibility that have yet to be discovered.

Methods: DNA samples from 23 multiplex AAD pedigrees from the UK and Norway (50 cases, 67 controls) were genotyped on the Affymetrix SNP 6.

Levothyroxine improves abnormal cardiac bioenergetics in subclinical hypothyroidism: a cardiac magnetic resonance spectroscopic study.

Context: It is well established that subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with mild cardiac dysfunction, but it is unknown whether there is an underlying impairment of cardiac bioenergetic function.

Objective: The objective of the study was to quantify the cardiac phosphocreatine to adenosine triphosphate ratio (PCr to ATP) in SCH, compared with healthy controls, and to measure the effect of 6 months of levothyroxine treatment.

Design And Setting: This was a 6-month, prospective, case-controlled interventional study.

Levothyroxine treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism, fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, and mortality.

BACKGROUND Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has been associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD); however, it is unknown whether treatment of SCH with levothyroxine sodium will reduce the risk of IHD. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between levothyroxine treatment of SCH with IHD morbidity and mortality. METHODS We used the United Kingdom General Practitioner Research Database to identify individuals with new SCH (serum thyrotropin levels of 5.

Subclinical thyroid disorders: significance and clinical impact.

Subclinical thyroid diseases are defined by abnormal serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels associated with normal thyroid hormone concentrations. The diagnosis of these conditions depends on defining the 'normal' euthyroid TSH range; in this review, arguments for and against lowering the upper limit of TSH are summarised. Although, subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism are frequently encountered, their long-term consequences are debated due to conflicting results from many observational studies.

Endothelial progenitor cells in subclinical hypothyroidism: the effect of thyroid hormone replacement therapy.

Context: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, and possibly CV disease. However, its management remains controversial. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), expressing both endothelial and stem cell markers, are known to offer a novel CV risk marker.