Impact of bottom ash addition on Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation on coffee ground substrate.

The study aimed to explore the potential use of coal-fired power plant bottom ashes in Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation using spent coffee grounds. The study analyzed five compositions of growth substrate for mushrooms: pure coffee grounds (I) as a control sample; coffee grounds substrate with the addition of 1% (II); 5% (III); 10% (IV) bottom ash; and bottom ash alone (V). The study revealed that compared to the control sample (I), the addition of 1% bottom ash (II) did not affect the time of mycelium growth but slowed fruiting body growth by 4 days.

Self-Pierce Riveting: Development and Assessment for Joining Polymer-Metal Hybrid Structures in Lightweight Automotive Applications.

In recent years, the transportation industry has faced the challenge of cutting costs, meeting increasingly stringent environmental regulations, and significantly increasing transportation volumes. One approach to meeting these challenges is to develop new, improved transportation vehicles using new materials and innovative joining techniques. Multi-material structures are becoming an alternative to body parts.

Sustainable Bioplastics for Food Packaging Produced from Renewable Natural Sources.

It is crucial to find an effective, environmentally acceptable solution, such as bioplastics or biodegradable plastics, to the world's rising plastics demand and the resulting ecological destruction. This study has focused on the environmentally friendly production of bioplastic samples derived from corn starch, rice starch, and tapioca starch, with various calcium carbonate filler concentrations as binders. Two different plasticizers, glycerol and sorbitol, were employed singly and in a rich blend.

Accumulation of pollutants from fly ash in Pleurotus ostreatus and a substrate based on coffee grounds by elemental analysis using the ICP-OES method and photometric method.

The substrate mixtures were created in the study, using spent coffee grounds for Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation with the addition of straw and fluidized bed ash at 5 and 10 percent by weight relative to the total weight of coffee grounds. In order to determine the ability to accumulate heavy metals and the possibility of further waste management, analyses of micro- and macronutrients, biogenic elements, as well as the metal content of fungal fruiting bodies, mycelium and post-cultivation substrate were performed. The addition of 5 percent resulted in slower growth of mycelium and fruiting bodies, and with the addition of 10 percent, the growth of fruiting bodies was completely inhibited.

Multiobjective Optimization of Chemically Assisted Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (MAF) on Inconel 625 Tubes Using Genetic Algorithm: Modeling and Microstructural Analysis.

The demand for the surface integrity of complex structures is drastically increasing in the field of aerospace, marine and automotive industry. Therefore, Inconel alloy, due to its superior attributes, has a wide scope for the improvement in surface integrity. To achieve the precise surface finish and enhance the process performance, process optimization is necessary.

In Situ Micro-Observation of Surface Roughness and Fracture Mechanism in Metal Microforming of Thin Copper Sheets with Newly Developed Compact Testing Apparatus.

A better understanding of material deformation behaviours with changes in size is crucial to the design and operation of metal microforming processes. In order to facilitate the investigation of size effects, material deformation behaviours needed to be determined directly from material characterizations. This study was aimed at the design and manufacture of a compact universal testing machine (UTM) compatible with a 3D laser-confocal microscope to observe the deformation behaviour of materials in real-time.

Productivity Enhancement by Prediction of Liquid Steel Breakout during Continuous Casting Process in Manufacturing of Steel Slabs in Steel Plant Using Artificial Neural Network with Backpropagation Algorithms.

Breakout is one of the major accidents that often arise in the continuous casting shops of steel slabs in Bokaro Steel Plant, Jharkhand, India. Breakouts cause huge capital loss, reduced productivity, and create safety hazards. The existing system is not capable of predicting breakout accurately, as it considers only one process parameter, i.

Risk assessment of low-temperature biochar used as soil amendment on soil mesofauna.

Biochar as a carbon-rich highly porous substance has been proposed for use in agriculture and horticulture as a soil amendment. One of the main concerns of this application of biochar is its potential contamination with heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The aim of this research was to access the environmental risk of biochar used as a soil amendment on soil mesofauna (mites and springtails).

Designing and Testing Cold-Formed Rounded Connections Made on a Prototype Station.

This paper presents the design of cold-formed rounded connections between a tube and a connecting block and the analysis of test results that were carried out with six fabricated samples. The joints manufactured on a specially designed prototype station were made by forming tools that were adjusted to connecting elements regarding the diameter and the shape. All of the samples prepared for this study were of the same diameters relating to the diameter of a hole in a connecting block and the outer diameter of a pipe flange.