Unusual anatomical features of the right atrioventricular valve.

Despite the great interest taken in the tricuspid valve, the anatomical literature on the subject still leaves much open to question. The aim of this study was to describe the natural foramina which are present in the leaflets of the tricuspid valve, as well as, well -- founded onto -- and phylogenetically lack of continuity of its attachment and the frenula of the tricuspid valve. We studied the frequency of occurrence and morphology of these features of the tricuspid valve in 107 adult hearts.

Remarks on the morphology of the papillary muscles of the right ventricle.

In addition to the papillary muscles of right ventricle referred to in anatomical nomenclature, namely the anterior, posterior and septal, we have distinguished the "conal papillary muscle" and the "papillary muscle of the posterior angle of the right ventricle". The conal papillary muscle was described by Luschka in the 17(th) century as the most constant of the septal papillary muscles. We have distinguished the muscles of the posterior angle of the right ventricle as muscles which would not be clearly classified as either septal or posterior muscles.

Distribution of muscular bridges in the adult human heart.

Unlabelled: Muscle bridges (MBs) are structures consisting of heart muscle tissue which pass above the coronary arteries and their branches. Although there are a relatively large number of descriptions of these MBs, researchers do not share a common view of the frequency of their occurrence, their location and their morphology, which remain the most controversial questions. The present research was carried out on 300 human hearts, adults of both sexes (161 male and 139 female), of between 21 and 76 years of age (mean age 48 years), in which no macroscopic developmental failures had been found.

Notes on the morphology of the tricuspid valve in the adult human heart.

Rapid progress in the field of interventional cardiology has caused research in the field of morphometry of the heart to be in constant demand. In this study, performed on a group of 75 adult human hearts, the authors have attempted to assess the form and number of the main and accessory cusps in the tricuspid valve. We have classified particular forms into 8 groups, depending on the number of cusps and we have divided the cusps into 3 main groups, depending on the support of the chordae tendineae.

Diameters of the cavo-sinus-tricuspid area in relation to type I atrial flutter.

Cardiac arrhythmias have troubled patients and fascinated physicians for centuries. The twentieth century was an era of progress, when the mechanism of cardiac disorders became more commonly recognised. Arrhythmias may be due to abnormalities of automaticity, to abnormalities of conduction, or to a combination of both.