Serum testosterone in Nigerian men with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relationship with insulin sensitivity and glycemic control.

Background: There is increasing evidence that testosterone deficiency has key associations with insulin sensitivity and glycemic control. Its presence may therefore contribute to and/or exacerbate clinical disease in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study sought to determine the frequency of low free testosterone and explore its relationship with, insulin sensitivity and glycemic control among Nigerian men with T2DM.

Cadmium Level, Glycemic Control, and Indices of Renal Function in Treated Type II Diabetics: Implications for Polluted Environments.

Cadmium (Cd) has recently emerged as a major concern not only in environmental toxicology but also in metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and its complications. Conflicting data aside, these studies have not been examined in a clinical population undergoing management as well as possible modulation by the prominent metabolic antagonist of Cd such as zinc (Zn). This study examined the relationship between cadmium levels, glycemic control, and renal pathology in established type II diabetic patients with focus on populations exposed to modern environmental health hazards (MEHHs).

Severe Ophthalmological Complications of Thyroid Disease are Rare in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria: Results of a Pilot Study.

Background: Ocular manifestations of thyroid dysfunction constitute a wide clinical spectrum ranging from minor ocular discomfort, lid retraction, lid lag and ocular injection, to sight threatening eyeball protusion and optic nerve compression. Thyroid-related eye disorders are most commonly associated with Graves' disease, and this most frequently occurs in the setting of hyperthyroidism. However, in 10% of cases, typical eye signs have also been reported in euthyroid and hypothyroid states.

Latent autoimmune diabetes amongst adults with type 2 diabetes in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Aims: The aim was to investigate the frequency and characteristics of persons with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) amongst patients who had been clinically diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus (CT2DM) in a tertiary care centre.

Methodology: One hundred and sixty patients with CT2DM participated in this cross-sectional study following selection by systematic random sampling. Demographic data, relevant clinical history and anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist circumference and hip circumference) were taken and blood samples were obtained for analysis of fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA).

Aggregate cardiovascular risk is a stronger statistical correlate of clinically evident diabetic peripheral neuropathy than HbA1c alone.

Background: Apart from chronic hyperglycemia measured by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), other vascular risk factors contribute to the development of diabetic neuropathy. Even though these factors are synergistic, no study has measured the relative effect of aggregate cardiovascular risk load compared with chronic hyperglycemia alone on the risk of clinically evident diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Objective: To compare the effects of aggregate cardiovascular risk load and HbA1c on clinically evident diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Diabetes, sexual dysfunction and therapeutic exercise: a 20 year review.

Most trials on the effect of exercise on patients with diabetes mellitus focused on their glycaemic control, only a few focused on sexual dysfunction. A comprehensive two-decade literature review (1989-2009) from peer-reviewed journals was undertaken to examine the roles if any, of therapeutic exercise as an intervention for sexual dysfunction in patients with diabetes. Because of the paucity of studies on this subject, meta-analyses, small and non-randomized trials cited on Medline, Pedro, Embase, Scirus, Highwire and the Cochrane Library of systematic reviews were examined.