The intensity of subacute local biological effects after the implantation of ALBO-OS dental material based on hydroxyapatite and poly(lactide-co-glycolide): evaluation in rats.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the intensity of the subacute local biological effects after implantation and osseoconductive potential of novel hydroxyapatite-based bone substitute coated with poly (lactide-co-glycolide), named ALBO-OS, in comparison to Bio-Oss.

Methods: Fifteen male Wistar rats, randomly assigned into groups: 10, 20, and 30 days (n꞊5), were subcutaneously implanted with ALBO-OS and Bio-Oss. Furthermore, artificially made bone defects on both rat's tibias were implanted with experimental materials.

Comparison of Hydroxyapatite/Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and Hydroxyapatite/Polyethyleneimine Composite Scaffolds in Bone Regeneration of Swine Mandibular Critical Size Defects: In Vivo Study.

Reconstruction of jaw bone defects present a significant problem because of specific aesthetic and functional requirements. Although widely used, the transplantation of standard autograft and allograft materials is still associated with significant constraints. Composite scaffolds, combining advantages of biodegradable polymers with bioceramics, have potential to overcome limitations of standard grafts.

Nanodesigned coatings obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation of titanium implant and their cytotoxicity.

The titanium implant was treated with plasma electrolytic oxidation and subsequent ionic exchange and thermal treatment in order to obtain bioactive layer consisting of titanium oxide, calcium and sodium titanates and hydroxyapatite, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the given method, besides corresponding phase composition, enables suitable nanotopology for cell attachment and proliferation. Cytotoxicity investigations by MTT, LDH and propidium iodide assays and light microscopy showed that these coatings were not toxic to L929 cells.

Biocompatibility Study of a New Dental Cement Based on Hydroxyapatite and Calcium Silicates: Focus on Liver, Kidney, and Spleen Tissue Effects.

The effects of a new material based on hydroxyapatite and calcium silicates, named ALBO-MPCA, were investigated on the liver, kidney and spleen. The material was administrated orally for 120 days in an in vivo model in Wistar rats, and untreated animals served as a control. Hematological and biochemical blood parameters were analyzed.

Toxicological Profile of Nanostructured Bone Substitute Based on Hydroxyapatite and Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) after Subchronic Oral Exposure of Rats.

Novel three-dimensional (3D) nanohydroxyapatite-PLGA scaffolds with high porosity was developed to better mimic mineral component and microstructure of natural bone. To perform a final assessment of this nanomaterial as a potential bone substitute, its toxicological profile was particularly investigated. Therefore, we performed a comet assay on human monocytes for in vitro genotoxicity investigation, and the systemic subchronic toxicity investigation on rats being per oral feed with exactly administrated extract quantities of the nano calcium hydroxyapatite covered with tiny layers of PLGA (ALBO-OS) for 120 days.

Developing a novel resorptive hydroxyapatite-based bone substitute for over-critical size defect reconstruction: physicochemical and biological characterization and proof of concept in segmental rabbit's ulna reconstruction.

The aim of this study was to develop novel hydroxyapatite (HAP)-based bioactive bone replacement materials for segmental osteotomy reconstruction. Customized three-dimensional (3D) bone construct was manufactured from nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP) with poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) coating using 3D models derived from the computed tomography (CT) scanning of the rabbit's ulna and gradient 3D printing of the bone substitute mimicking the anatomical shape of the natural bone defect. Engineered construct revealed adequate micro-architectural design for successful bone regeneration having a total porosity of 64% and an average pore size of 256 μm.

Influence of nanostructured calcium aluminate and calcium silicate on the liver: histological and unbiased stereological analysis.

Aim: To examine the potential systemic toxicity of nanostructured materials based on calcium silicate and calcium aluminate, for potential application in Dentistry.

Methodology: Twenty-four Albino Wistar rats aged 2 months were used as an in vivo animal model for subcutaneous implantation of the investigated materials, placed in polyethylene tubes. Thirty days after implantation, the livers of the rats were analysed and following histological and stereological parameters were evaluated for volume density of hepatocytes and blood sinusoids, number and numerical density of hepatocytes, surface of hepatocytes and their nucleuses, nucleocytoplasmic ratio and mitotic index of hepatocytes.

Nanostructured endodontic materials mixed with different radiocontrast agents-biocompatibility study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the biocompatibility of nanostructured materials based on highly active calcium silicates mixed with different radiocontrast agents in comparison to MTA using in vitro and in vivo model. Morphology of materials' samples was analyzed using SEM while the phase compositions were identified by XRD. pH values of materials' suspensions were conducted by pH-meter.

Biocompatibility Investigation of New Endodontic Materials Based on Nanosynthesized Calcium Silicates Combined with Different Radiopacifiers.

Introduction: The aim of this article was to analyze biocompatibility and bioactivity of new endodontic materials on the basis of nanosynthesized calcium silicates (ALBO-MPCA and ALBO-MPCA) combined with different radiopacifiers in comparison with MTA.

Methods: Morphology of the samples was studied by scanning electron microscopy, and the pH and ion release analysis were also assessed. Biocompatibility of materials' eluates (24-hour, 7-day, and 21-day) was conducted by using MTT test.

Extraordinary biological properties of a new calcium hydroxyapatite/poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-based scaffold confirmed by in vivo investigation.

This study examined the potential of a new porous calcium hydroxyapatite scaffold covered with poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) as a bone substitute, identifying its advantages over Geistlich Bio-Oss®, considered the gold standard, in in vivo biofunctionality investigations. Structural and morphological properties of the new scaffold were analyzed by scanning electron and atomic force microscopy. The biofunctionality assays were performed on New Zealand white rabbits using new scaffold for filling full-thickness defects of critical size.

Cytotoxicity investigation of a new hydroxyapatite scaffold with improved structural design.

Introduction: Biodegradable porous scaffolds are found to be very promising bone substitutes, acting as a temporary physical support to guide new tissue regeneration, until the entire scaffold is totally degraded and replaced by the new tissue.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate cytotoxicity of a synthesized calcium hydroxyapatitebased scaffold, named ALBO-OS, with high porosity and optimal topology.

Methods: The ALBO-OS scaffold was synthesized by the method of polymer foam template.

Addition of a Fluoride-containing Radiopacifier Improves Micromechanical and Biological Characteristics of Modified Calcium Silicate Cements.

Introduction: Calcium silicate cements (CSCs) with the addition of nanohydroxyapatite and calcium carbonate play a critical role in dental applications. To further improve their properties, particularly radiopacity and biointeractivity, the fluoride-containing radiopacifier ytterbium trifluoride (YbF3) was added to their composition, and biological and mechanical characteristics were evaluated.

Methods: YbF3 was added to 3 different CSCs: cement I (CSC + calcium carbonate), cement II (CSC + nanohydroxyapatite), and Portland cement.

Biocompatibility of new nanostructural materials based on active silicate systems and hydroxyapatite: in vitro and in vivo study.

Aim: To evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo inflammatory response to new nanostructural materials based on active calcium silicate systems (CS) and hydroxyapatite (HA-CS).

Methodology: Cytotoxicity of eluates of new nanostructural noncommercial materials CS and HA-CS, and MTA (White MTA, Angelus(®) Soluções Odontológicas, Londrina, Brazil) as a control, were tested using the MTT assay on MRC-5 cells. Eluates of set materials were tested in 100% and 50% concentrations, 24 h, 7 days and 21 days post-elution.

The efficacy of hydrothermally obtained carbonated hydroxyapatite in healing alveolar bone defects in rats with or without corticosteroid treatment.

Background/aim: Autogenous bone grafting has been the gold standard in clinical cases when bone grafts are required for bone defects in dentistry. The study was undertaken to evaluate multilevel designed carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) obtained by hydrothermal method, as a bone substitute in healing bone defects with or without corticosteroid treatment in rats as assessed by histopathologic methods.

Methods: Bone defects were created in the alveolar bone by teeth extraction in 12 rats.

Effects of novel hydroxyapatite-based 3D biomaterials on proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.

The aim of this study was to examine the differential capacity of isolated dental pulp stem cells (SHED) cultured onto four different scaffold materials. The differential potential of isolated SHED was examined on the following scaffolds: porous hydroxyapatite (pHAP) alone or combined with three polymers [polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), alginate, and ethylene vinylacetate / ethylene vinylversatate (EVA/EVV)]. SHED were isolated by "outgrowth" method and characterized by the flow cytometry.

Use of mineral trioxide aggregate in the treatement of traumatized teeth in children--two case reports.

Introduction: Dental injuries in immature permanent teeth often result in endodontic complications. Apexification technique using calcium hydroxide is associated with certain flaws, such as long treatment time, the possibility of tooth fracture and incomplete calcification. The use of an apical plug employing mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is an alternative treatment option.

Relationship between activity of silica thin films and density of cells occupation.

The SiO2 thin films (STFs) were deposited on the surfaces of stainless steel tapes and their activity was particularly investigated from the aspect of the number density of hydroxyl groups on their surfaces. The calculation procedure of density of active OH groups includes determination of average length of silica chains that constitute silica sol particles with almost uniform size, on the base of thermogravimetric analysis. The size of SiO2 particles is analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering method.

New nanostructural biomaterials based on active silicate systems and hydroxyapatite: characterization and genotoxicity in human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Aim: To characterize and investigate the genotoxic effect of a new endodontic cement based on dicalcium- and tricalcium-silicate (CS) with hydroxyapatite (HA) on human lymphocytes.

Methodology: Hydrothermal treatment was applied for synthesis of CS and HA. The final mixture HA-CS, with potential to be used in endodontic practice, is composed of CS (34%) and HA (66%).

A new approach to the drug release kinetics of a discrete system: SiO2 system obtained by ultrasonic dry spraying.

Mesoporous silica materials have already proved to be non-toxic and biocompatible, and also to have large pore volume and very high specific surface area suitable for loading of small molecules. Having this in mind and the fact that silicon dioxide (SiO(2)) powders can be so designed to obtain particle structures organized at multi levels, SiO(2) was chosen as a potential carrier for metronidazole, an antibiotic drug. SiO(2) powder was synthesized in two stages: first silica sol was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and second the sol was converted into powder by dry spraying with simultaneous incorporation of the antibiotic into its structure.

Nano-designing of Mg doped phosphate tungsten bronzes and SiO2 composite obtained by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method.

In this study, the structure and substructure of SiO(2)-Mg phosphate tungsten bronzes, MgPTB, (MgHPW(12)O(40).29H(2)O) obtained by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method from a silica sol, and a MgPTB solution, obtained by the ion exchange method, as precursors were investigated. The mechanism of the formation of aerosol droplets is discussed.

Interference effect between superparamagnetic and spin glass correlated moments in a system of dispersed Co(3)O(4) nanocrystallites.

An inhomogeneous system of aggregates of Co(3)O(4) nanocrystallites dispersed in an amorphous SiO(2) matrix has been studied. X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy reveal a bimodal distribution of crystallite sizes, smaller nanocrystallites with dimension below 10 nm and larger nanocrystallites of about 20 nm. The Co(3)O(4) nanocrystallites enter the composition of nanograins with dimension 20-60 nm.

The protection of cells from nitric oxide-mediated apoptotic death by mechanochemically synthesized fullerene (C(60)) nanoparticles.

The influence of fullerene (C(60)) nanoparticles on the cytotoxicity of a highly reactive free radical nitric oxide (NO) was investigated. Fullerene nanoparticles were prepared by mechanochemically assisted complexation with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, macrocyclic oligosaccharide gamma-cyclodextrin or the copolymer ethylene vinyl acetate-ethylene vinyl versatate. C(60) nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis and atomic force microscopy.

Modelling and experimental investigations of thin films of Mg phosphorus-doped tungsten bronzes obtained by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis.

In this study, the synthesis of thin films of Mg phosphorus doped tungsten bronzes (MgPTB; MgHPW(12)O(40).29H(2)O) by the self-assembly of nano-structured particles of MgPTB obtained using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method was investigated. As the precursor, MgPTB, prepared by the ionic exchange method, was used.

Thin films of SiO2 and hydroxyapatite on titanium deposited by spray pyrolysis.

Wet spray pyrolysis of fine, well-dispersed a SiO2 sol was used for the deposition of thin films of silicon dioxide. The sol was obtained by hydrothermal precipitation of silicon acid from a solution at pH = 10. The morphology, roughness, phase composition, chemical homogeneity and the mechanism of the films were investigated by SEM, EDS and IR spectroscopy.