Biofilm dysbiosis and caries activity: a surface or an individual issue?

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the functional profile of supragingival biofilm from sound (CAs), active (CAa), and inactive (CAi) enamel caries lesions from caries-active individuals to provide insights into the diversity of biological processes regarding biofilm dysbiosis.

Methodology: A metatranscriptome analysis was performed in biofilm samples collected from five caries-active individuals. Total RNA was extracted, and the microbial cDNAs were obtained and sequenced (Illumina HiSeq3000).

Functional response of microbial communities in lab-controlled oil-contaminated marine sediment.

Crude oil contamination is one of the biggest problems in modern society. As oil enters into contact with the environment, especially if the point of contact is a body of water, it begins a weathering process by mixing and spreading. This is dangerous to local living organisms' communities and can impact diversity.

Potential role of exitron-containing homeobox genes in cancer.

Homeobox genes are protagonists in developmental and cancer biology, making comprehending their regulation pivotal in multiple molecular pathways. Exitrons, also known as intronic exons, are new players in the transcriptional organization, providing additional splicing variants whose functions are still vastly unknown. Exitron splicing sites were identified in eight homeobox genes, which has not been yet debated in the scientific literature.

Transcriptomic Analysis of Long Non-Coding RNA during Infection.

is one of the most commonly found species in fungal infections. Due to its clinical importance, molecular aspects of the host immune defense against the fungus are of interest to biomedical sciences. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been investigated in different pathologies and gained widespread attention regarding their role as gene regulators.

Cystic Fibrosis: Systems Biology Analysis from Homozygous p.Phe508del Variant Patients' Samples Reveals Perturbations in Tissue-Specific Pathways.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder, caused by diverse genetic variants for the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Among these, p.Phe508del is the most prevalent variant.

Influence of transcriptional variants on metastasis.

Cancer metastasis is defined as the dissemination of malignant cells from the primary tumor site, leading to colonization of distant organs and the establishment of a secondary tumor. Metastasis is frequently associated with chemoresistance and is the major cause of cancer-related mortality. Metastatic cells need to acquire the ability to resist to stresses provided by different environments, such as reactive oxygen species, shear stress, hemodynamic forces, stromal composition, and immune responses, to colonize other tissues.

A network flow approach to predict protein targets and flavonoid backbones to treat respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the major cause of respiratory disease in lower respiratory tract in infants and young children. Attempts to develop effective vaccines or pharmacological treatments to inhibit RSV infection without undesired effects on human health have been unsuccessful. However, RSV infection has been reported to be affected by flavonoids.

Systems Chemo-Biology and Transcriptomic Meta-Analysis Reveal the Molecular Roles of Bioactive Lipids in Cardiomyocyte Differentiation.

Lipids, which are essential constituents of biological membranes, play structural and functional roles in the cell. In recent years, certain lipids have been identified as regulatory signaling molecules and have been termed "bioactive lipids". Subsequently, the importance of bioactive lipids in stem cell differentiation and cardiogenesis has gained increasing recognition.

Development and aging: two opposite but complementary phenomena.

Aging is a consequence of an organism's evolution, where specific traits that lead to the organism's development eventually promote aged phenotypes or could lead to age-related diseases. In this sense, one theory that broadly explored development and its association to aging is the developmental aging theory (DevAge), which also encompasses most known age-associated theories. Thus, we employed different systems biology tools to prospect developmental and aging-associated networks for human and murine models for evolutionary comparison.

Fetal alcohol syndrome, chemo-biology and OMICS: ethanol effects on vitamin metabolism during neurodevelopment as measured by systems biology analysis.

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a prenatal disease characterized by fetal morphological and neurological abnormalities originating from exposure to alcohol. Although FAS is a well-described pathology, the molecular mechanisms underlying its progression are virtually unknown. Moreover, alcohol abuse can affect vitamin metabolism and absorption, although how alcohol impairs such biochemical pathways remains to be elucidated.

The importance of sphingolipids and reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular development.

The heart is the first organ in the embryo to form. Its structural and functional complexity is the result of a thorough developmental program, where sphingolipids play an important role in cardiogenesis, heart maturation, angiogenesis, the regulation of vascular tone and vessel permeability. Sphingolipids are necessary for signal transduction and membrane microdomain formation.

Toxicological effects of the different substances in tobacco smoke on human embryonic development by a systems chemo-biology approach.

The physiological and molecular effects of tobacco smoke in adult humans and the development of cancer have been well described. In contrast, how tobacco smoke affects embryonic development remains poorly understood. Morphological studies of the fetuses of smoking pregnant women have shown various physical deformities induced by constant fetal exposure to tobacco components, especially nicotine.

Melatonin as a central molecule connecting neural development and calcium signaling.

Melatonin (MEL) is a neuroendocrine hormone secreted by the pineal gland in association with the suprachiasmatic nucleus and peripheral tissues. MEL has been observed to play a critical role in the reproductive process and in the fetomaternal interface. Extrapineal synthesis has been reported in mammalian models during pregnancy, especially by the placenta tissue.

The developmental aging and origins of health and disease hypotheses explained by different protein networks.

One theory that attempts to explain how and why an organism ages is the developmental hypothesis of aging (DevAge), which describes how developmental programming leads to aging in adults. Interestingly, the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis (DOHaD) asserts that some aging-associated diseases that occur in adults are closely related to development and to conditions in the intrauterine environment. Thus, both aging and aging-associated diseases can be viewed, at least in part, as the result of a developmental program that is activated early in embryogenesis and persists throughout the lifespan of the organism.