Optimization of Bromelain extraction from green papaya (Carica papaya) peel waste and its application in the recovery of silver from waste of X-ray photographic films.

As bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme present in many fruits, this study utilises the bromelain content present in unripe papaya (Carica papaya L.) by extraction and characterisation of bromelain extract from the unripe papaya peel waste. The extracted bromelain was utilised in the recovery of silver from waste of X-ray films, since the toxicity of silver directly impacts on the environment to treat and recover silver bromelain enzyme was used as a biocatalyst in this study.