BMI Interacts with the Genome to Regulate Gene Expression Globally, with Emphasis in the Brain and Gut.

Genome-wide association studies identify common genomic variants associated with disease across a population. Individual environmental effects are often not included, despite evidence that environment mediates genomic regulation of higher order biology. Body mass index (BMI) is associated with complex disorders across clinical specialties, yet has not been modeled as a genomic environment.

Evaluating mental health support by healthcare providers for patients with atopic dermatitis: A cross-sectional survey.

Importance: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with psychosocial symptoms, resulting in significant mental health burden and reduced quality of life.

Objective: To understand mental health support received by patients from their primary eczema provider.

Design: We administered a cross-sectional survey ( = 954) to US caregivers and adult patients with AD.

Patient Burden of Atopic Dermatitis and Opportunities for Real-World Self-Monitoring.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex, chronic disease with multiple negative impacts to patients' health, lives, and overall well-being. The lived experience of AD is multidimensional, heterogeneous, and ever-changing, yet an essential contributor to a holistic understanding of disease burden. Real-world self-monitoring of disease burden by patients has potential as a valuable adjunct to clinical and patient-reported assessments in health care settings.

Family Planning for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Post-Dobbs Era.

Federal protections for abortion care in the United States ended in June 2022. For people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who are capable of pregnancy, the implications of an unwanted or mistimed conception, particularly in the setting of active disease flares or teratogenic treatment, are precarious and geographically variable. Prioritizing evidence-based and person-centered counseling for preconception health and contraceptive care needs is important during health care visits and not limited to reproductive health providers.

Retrospective cohort study identifying pulmonary complications in a cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with multi organ involvement. One of the most common manifestations is pulmonary disease with a reported prevalence between 5%-90%.

Purpose: Given this wide range of prevalence, there is a need to more closely define types of pulmonary disease in SLE and associated risk factors.

Identifying Patients at Risk for Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies: The Importance of Addressing Multiple Risk Factors.

Background: The increasing prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders is a critical public health issue. Two behaviors, consuming alcohol and using less effective pregnancy prevention, may result in alcohol-exposed pregnancies (AEPs) in individuals who can become pregnant. In the context of alcohol screening and brief intervention (SBI) services, cutoff scores on widely used alcohol risk assessments (eg, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, U.

The Carbon Isotope Ratio as an Objective Biomarker of Added Sugar Intake: A Scoping Review of Current Evidence in Human Nutrition.

Objective biomarkers of dietary intake are needed to advance nutrition research. The carbon isotope ratio (C/C; CIR) holds promise as an objective biomarker of added sugar (AS) and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake. This systematic scoping review presents the current evidence on CIRs from human studies.

Assessment of Physician Needs and Access to Inflammatory Bowel Disease Specialty Care Resources in a National Integrated Health System.

Background: The barriers to providing high-quality inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) care go beyond educational needs alone to include access to IBD-related resources such as medications, laboratory testing, and multidisciplinary teams. We assessed the needs and resource constraints of physicians caring for Veterans with IBD to inform efforts to improve access to high-quality care.

Methods: We conducted a national observational survey study in July 2021 of gastroenterologists (GIs) and primary care providers (PCPs) caring for Veterans with IBD within the Veterans Health Administration with the intent of including physicians from all 18 Veterans Integrated Service Networks (VISN).

Comorbidity Profiles of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Across the Medical Phenome.

Background: Previous epidemiological research has linked posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with specific physical health problems, but the comprehensive landscape of medical conditions associated with PTSD remains uncharacterized. Electronic health records provide an opportunity to overcome clinical knowledge gaps and uncover associations with biological relevance that potentially vary by sex.

Methods: PTSD was defined among biobank participants ( = 145,959) in 3 major healthcare systems using 2 ICD code-based definitions: broad (≥1 PTSD or acute stress codes vs.

KDM1A/LSD1 inhibition enhances chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer (OCa) is the deadliest of all gynecological cancers. The standard treatment for OCa is platinum-based chemotherapy, such as carboplatin or cisplatin in combination with paclitaxel. Most patients are initially responsive to these treatments; however, nearly 90% will develop recurrence and inevitably succumb to chemotherapy-resistant disease.

What Next for Eating Disorder Genetics? Replacing Myths With Facts to Sharpen Our Understanding.

Substantial progress has been made in the understanding of anorexia nervosa (AN) and eating disorder (ED) genetics through the efforts of large-scale collaborative consortia, yielding the first genome-wide significant loci, AN-associated genes, and insights into metabo-psychiatric underpinnings of the disorders. However, the translatability, generalizability, and reach of these insights are hampered by an overly narrow focus in our research. In particular, stereotypes, myths, assumptions and misconceptions have resulted in incomplete or incorrect understandings of ED presentations and trajectories, and exclusion of certain patient groups from our studies.

Divergent landscapes of A-to-I editing in postmortem and living human brain.

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing is a prevalent post-transcriptional RNA modification within the brain. Yet, most research has relied on postmortem samples, assuming it is an accurate representation of RNA biology in the living brain. We challenge this assumption by comparing A-to-I editing between postmortem and living prefrontal cortical tissues.

Evaluating Access to Prescription Medications in the Atopic Dermatitis Patient Population in the USA.

Introduction: Despite advances in atopic dermatitis (AD) treatments, many patients face challenges obtaining medications. This study aimed to determine the frequency and causes of insurance coverage delays and denials for AD prescriptions and characterize the associated wait times and extent to which patients understand what to do when faced with a coverage issue.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study in which adult U.

Multiomic foundations of human prefrontal cortex tissue function.

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a region of the brain that in humans is involved in the production of higher-order functions such as cognition, emotion, perception, and behavior. Neurotransmission in the PFC produces higher-order functions by integrating information from other areas of the brain. At the foundation of neurotransmission, and by extension at the foundation of higher-order brain functions, are an untold number of coordinated molecular processes involving the DNA sequence variants in the genome, RNA transcripts in the transcriptome, and proteins in the proteome.

In vivo disentanglement of diffusion frequency-dependence, tensor shape, and relaxation using multidimensional MRI.

Diffusion MRI with free gradient waveforms, combined with simultaneous relaxation encoding, referred to as multidimensional MRI (MD-MRI), offers microstructural specificity in complex biological tissue. This approach delivers intravoxel information about the microstructure, local chemical composition, and importantly, how these properties are coupled within heterogeneous tissue containing multiple microenvironments. Recent theoretical advances incorporated diffusion time dependency and integrated MD-MRI with concepts from oscillating gradients.

Radiological measurements of the feet of normal Straight Egyptian Arabian horses in Qatar.

The Arabian horse has been identified as carrying a risk locus for equine metabolic syndrome, predisposing this breed to development of laminitis. Radigraphy of the equine foot is widely considered the main diagnostic imaging technique for evaluation of the laminitic horse. Knowledge of 'normal' breed values allows assessment of the degree and severity of radiological changes associated with laminitis.

An evaluation of treatment response and remission definitions in adult obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and individual-patient data meta-analysis.

Introduction: Expert consensus operationalized treatment response and remission in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as a Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) reduction ≥35% and score ≤12 with ≤2 on Clinical Global Impressions Improvement (CGI-I) and Severity (CGI-S) scales, respectively. However, there has been scant empirical evidence supporting these definitions.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) in adults with OCD to determine optimal Y-BOCS thresholds for response and remission.

Patient and Caregiver Perspectives on the Relationship Between Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms and Mental Health.

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) patients have increased likelihood of developing depression and anxiety. The patient and caregiver's perceptions of the correlation of mental health (MH) and AD symptoms are not well understood. To evaluate patient-reported MH symptoms and their correlation with AD disease severity and understand patient-perceived associations of AD with impacts to their MH.

Open Science Practices in Psychiatric Genetics: A Primer.

Open science ensures that research is transparently reported and freely accessible for all to assess and collaboratively build on. Psychiatric genetics has led among the health sciences in implementing some open science practices in common study designs, such as replication as part of genome-wide association studies. However, thorough open science implementation guidelines are limited and largely not specific to data, privacy, and research conduct challenges in psychiatric genetics.