Improvements over time for patients following liver trauma: A 17-year observational study.

Background: Centralisation of trauma care has been shown to be associated with improved patient outcomes. The establishment of Major Trauma Centres (MTC) and networks in England in 2012 allowed for centralisation of trauma services and specialties including hepatobiliary surgery. We aimed to investigate the outcomes for patients with hepatic injury over the last 17 years at a large MTC in England in relation to the MTC status of the centre.

Injuries among children attributed to violence and social funding: a 10-year observational study.

Background: Mechanisms and patterns of injury in children are changing, with violent mechanisms becoming more prevalent over time. Government funding of services for children and young people has reduced nationally over the last decade. We aimed to investigate the trends in admissions of injured children to a Major Trauma Centre (MTC) and examine the relationship between injuries sustained by violent mechanisms and local authority funding of children and youth services within the same catchment area.

Injury by knife crime amongst children is associated with socioeconomic deprivation: an observational study.

Purpose: Children who live in areas of socioeconomic deprivation may be at higher risk of being victims of violent crime such as knife wounds. The current study investigated whether socioeconomic disparity was associated with higher risk of knife crime.

Methods: An observational study included patients aged ≤ 17 years at a UK Major Trauma Centre injured by knife trauma from 2016 to 2022.

Patterns and mechanisms of major trauma injuries during and after the UK Covid-19 Nationwide lockdown: analysis from a UK Major Trauma Centre.

Purpose: To compare patterns and mechanisms of injuries during and after the UK Nationwide lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included all major trauma admissions during the 10-week period of the nationwide lockdown (09/03/2020-18/05/2020), compared with admissions in the 10-weeks following the full lifting of lockdown restrictions (04/07/20-12/09/2020). Differences in the volume, spectrum and mechanism of injuries presenting during and post-lockdown were compared using Fisher's exact and Chi-squared tests as appropriate.

The ICON Trauma Study: the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on major trauma workload in the UK.

Background: The global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has impacted population health and care delivery worldwide. As information emerges regarding the impact of "lockdown measures" and changes to clinical practice worldwide; there is no comparative information emerging from the United Kingdom with regard to major trauma.

Methods: This observational study from a UK Major Trauma Centre matched a cohort of patients admitted during a 10-week period of the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic (09/03/2020-18/05/2020) to a historical cohort of patients admitted during a similar time period in 2019 (11/03/2019-20/05/2019).

Evolution of non-operative management of liver trauma.

The management of complex liver injury has changed during the last 30 years. Operative management has evolved into a non-operative management (NOM) approach, with surgery reserved for those who present in extremis or become hemodynamically unstable despite resuscitation. This NOM approach has been associated with improved survival rates in severe liver injury and has been the mainstay of treatment for the last 20 years.

Factors Associated with Attrition and Performance Throughout Surgical Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Attrition within surgical training is a challenge. In the USA, attrition rates are as high as 20-26%. The factors predicting attrition are not well known.

The impact of endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms on long-term renal allograft outcome.

A major manifestation of chronic allograft failure (CAF) is the accelerated onset of atherosclerotic lesions within the graft. Polymorphisms in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene have been implicated in the pathogenesis of native atherosclerosis. This study tested the hypothesis that polymorphisms in eNOS are associated with susceptibility to CAF after cadaveric renal transplantation.