[Possibilities of dose reduction in extramammographic xeroradiography (author's transl)].

The soft radiation within the inhomogeneous spectrum of bremsstrahlung, being unable to penetrate the object and not contributing to the build-up of the xeroradiographic picture, only being the cause of additional radiation exposure, is considerably reduced by means of added filters, copper filters in particular. This effect can be demonstrated qualitatively by means of the recorded X-ray spectra. In comparison with the standard record it is possible by hardening of the radiation to reduce the surface dose by a factor 8 at a tube voltage of 120 kV, and by a factor 10 at a tube voltage of 130 to 150 kV if a 0.

[Chemotherapy as an adjuvant treatment in breast cancer (author's transl)].

Prolonged L-Phenylalanin mustard Administration and combination chemotherapy as on adjuvant to mastectomy in the management of patients with primary breast cancer and pathologically axillary nods. Lead to improvement of results. L-PAM and CMF have been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of women with primary breast cancer, particularly those who are premenopausal.

[Diagnostic significance of high-filtration xeromammography in relation to radiation hazard and image quality (author's transl)].

The use of additional filtration through 3 mm aluminium enables significant reduction of the radiation dose in xeromammography with the Senographe, compared with conventional xerography, by a factor of 2-3, and, compared with film not requiring an intensifying screen, by a factor of 10-12. The applied tissue doses are between 0.14 and 0.

[Dose reduction in xeromammography (author's transl)].

The use of a total filter of 3 mm of aluminium permits a considerable reduction of the radiation dose in xeromammography using the senographe. In comparison with conventional xeroradiography radiation is reduced by a factor of 2 to 3, in comparison with foilless film by a factor of 10 to 12. The applied tissue dose is between 0.

Comparison of plasma and saliva levels of metoprolol and oxprenolol.

1 Plasma and saliva levels of metoprolol and oxprenolol have been compared in two groups of healthy volunteers. 2 Mean salivary oxprenolol levels were lower than, but closely related to the corresponding plasma levels (r=0.93), the mean ratio of saliva:plasma concentration being 0.

[Duct pattern of the breast. An indicator of patients with increased risk of breast cancer development? A histological and mammographic study with 160 cases of breast cancer (author's transl)].

In 1975 John Wolfe proposed a classification of mammographic findings concerning the distribution of the duct pattern to select patients with high cancer risk. In a retrospective study we classified 160 patients with breast cancer according to the duct pattern classification. Our findings support well the results of Wolfe.

[Value of different systems of mammography records with regard to their exposure to radiation and their information content (author's transl)].

We learned from our examinations that, if there were optimum conditions, the combination Medichrome MR50 as a form of low dose method offers the same information content as the film without intensifying screens PE 4006. We found out that the discernibleness of details of 70 non selected mammographies which had each been taken by both systems was absolutely identical. By xeroradiography, however, a more precise representation of details, especially if there are microcalcifications, is possible because of its effect which renders the edges more visible.

A clinical trial of a 50 mg formulation of clomipramine (Anafranil) with steady-state plasma level measurements.

Twenty depressed patients seen in general practice were admitted to an open, uncontrolled pilot trial of a new 50 mg formulation of clomipramine. Treatment was administered for four weeks and clinical progress assessed by the General Health Questionnaire, a new depression rating scale and a new design of a visual analogue scale. Two patients dropped out of the study, one because of side-effects and a second because it was necessary to change the dosage.

Efficacy, side-effects, plasma and blood levels of maprotiline (Ludiomil).

Two trials of maprotiline (Ludiomil) were performed in general practice. In the first study depressed patients were given either 75 mg of maprotiline in a single dose or 25 mg three times daily. Assessments of the severity of depression and of side-effects were made initially and following 1, 2 and 4 weeks' treatment.

Kinetic equivalence of the active sites of alcohol dehydrogenase from horse liver.

The reduction, catalysed by liver alcohol dehydrogenase, of benzaldehyde in the presence and absence of pyrazole, and the oxidation of benzyl alcohol and cyclohexanol in the presence of isobutyramide, has been measured by the stopped-flow technique. In performing these experiments particular care was taken to purify the enzyme, coenzymes, substrates and inhibitors, and to minimise as much as possible the effects of a blank substrate reaction. The calculation of the amount of substrate converted to product during the various phases of the transient process was based on the absorption coefficients for the enzyme-coenzyme and enzyme-coenzyme-inhibitor complexes determined in the absence of substrate.

Some conditions affecting the intracellular arrangement and concentration of tobacco mosaic virus particles in local lesions.

Tobacco mosaic virus particles were found in small packets and in small numbers, with the electron microscope, in necrotic leaf cells of Nicotiana glutinosa when the samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde and postfixed in OsO(4), and the sections were stained with heavy metals. The numbers and size of the virus packets were increased greatly when the leaves were detached from the plant after inoculation Assay of concentration showed that detachment resulted in a 30-fold increase of virus. A similar increase in the number of virus particles detected by electron microscopy was produced by keeping inoculated plants at an air temperature of 26 degrees C.