Conceptualization of the complex outcomes of sexual abuse: a signal detection analysis.

Eighty-five New Zealand based practitioners experienced in treating adults with a history of child sexual abuse participated in an online judgment study of child sexual abuse outcomes using signal detection theory methodology. Participants' level of sensitivity was assessed independent of their degree of response bias when discriminating (a) known child sexual abuse outcomes from behaviors thought to be unrelated to child sexual abuse and (b) direct child sexual abuse effects from subsequent coping strategies. Results demonstrated good sensitivity (accuracy) when identifying child sexual abuse effects from noneffects.

The Driving Cognitions Questionnaire: development and preliminary psychometric properties.

Recent research has suggested that fear of driving is common in the general population. People may have various concerns when driving, and instruments for the assessment of these concerns are lacking. The present paper describes the development and preliminary evaluation of the Driving Cognitions Questionnaire (DCQ).

Driving fear and driving skills: comparison between fearful and control samples using standardised on-road assessment.

The present study explores driving skills in a group of 50 media-recruited driving-fearful and 50 control drivers, all of whom were women. Participants completed an on-road practical driving assessment with a professional driving instructor. Diagnostic as well as pre-post self-report and instructor driving assessments were conducted.

Understanding Guillain-Barré syndrome and central nervous system involvement.

Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare neurological disease that causes paralysis and may necessitate hospitalization for some patients in its acute stages. It primarily affects the peripheral nervous system, though recent research has shown that for some patients, the central nervous system is involved. The acute phase often requires intensive care services.

Neuropsychological assessment of individuals with expressive disabilities in addition to traumatic brain injuries.

Little empirical research has examined guidelines for neuropsychological assessment of people with severe physical and sensory disabilities. This study focused on people with expressive disabilities--people unable to speak, write, draw, or manipulate test materials. Measures were selected and adapted to be suitable for the assessment of cognitive functioning for such people.

Type 2 tasks in the theory of signal detectability: discrimination between correct and incorrect decisions.

It has been known for over 40 years that there are two fundamentally different kinds of detection tasks in the theory of signal detectability. The Type 1 task is to distinguish between events defined independently of the observer; the Type 2 task is to distinguish between one's own correct and incorrect decisions about those Type 1 events. For the Type 1 task, the behavior of the detector can be summarized by the traditional receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.