Effect of Microporous Polysaccharide Particles in Patients Undergoing Mastectomy.

Background: Microporous polysaccharide particles (MPP, proprietary name "Arista AH"), derived from purified plant starch, are used to augment hemostasis at surgery. The effect of MPP regarding short-term complications after mastectomy remains an area of ongoing investigation.

Patients And Methods: A single-institution, retrospective chart review of patients undergoing unilateral mastectomy without reconstruction from January 2019 to 2021 was performed.

Translational Genomic Research: The Association between Genetic Profiles and Cognitive Functioning or Cardiac Function Among Breast Cancer Survivors Completing Chemotherapy.

Emerging evidence suggests that Chemotherapy (CT) treated breast cancer survivors (BCS) who have "risk variants" in genes may be more susceptible to cognitive impairment (CI) and/or poor cardiac phenotypes. The objective of this preliminary study was to examine whether there is a relationship between genetic variants and objective/subjective cognitive or cardiac phenotypes. BCS were recruited from Moffitt Cancer Center, Morsani College of Medicine, AdventHealth Tampa and Sarasota Memorial Hospital.

Dual JAK2/Aurora kinase A inhibition prevents human skin graft rejection by allo-inactivation and ILC2-mediated tissue repair.

Prevention of allograft rejection often requires lifelong immune suppression, risking broad impairment of host immunity. Nonselective inhibition of host T cell function increases recipient risk of opportunistic infections and secondary malignancies. Here we demonstrate that AJI-100, a dual inhibitor of JAK2 and Aurora kinase A, ameliorates skin graft rejection by human T cells and provides durable allo-inactivation.

Real-world benefit of combination palbociclib and endocrine therapy for metastatic breast cancer and correlation with neutropenia.

Background: Combination CDK4/6 inhibitor and endocrine therapy has been shown to significantly improve progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC). The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the real-world benefit of first-line combination therapy in this cohort and to correlate treatment efficacy with neutropenia, a common toxicity of CDK4/6 inhibitors.

Methods: This study included HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or mBC patients who were treated with palbociclib plus endocrine therapy, mainly letrozole, between 1 January 2015 and 1 March 2018.

Impact of Axillary Dissection Among Patients With Sentinel Node-Positive Breast Cancer Undergoing Mastectomy.

Background: Results of the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACOSOG) Z0011 trial supports omission of completion axillary lymph node dissection (CLND) after breast-conservation surgery with a positive sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). We hypothesized that CLND also does not impact outcomes in women with clinically node-negative (cN0), pathologically node-positive breast cancer undergoing mastectomy.

Materials And Methods: A single-institution retrospective review was performed of patients with SLN-positive breast cancer treated from July 1999 through May 2018.

Surgeon Bias in the Management of Positive Sentinel Lymph Nodes.

Background: The standard of care for clinically node-negative (cN0) patients following positive sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was completion axillary lymph node dissection (CALND). Publication of ACOSOG Z0011 in 2010 changed this standard for patients undergoing lumpectomy. Clinicians have since expanded this practice to mastectomy patients, and ongoing prospective studies are seeking to validate this practice.

Feasibility of Axillary Lymph Node Localization and Excision Using Radar Reflector Localization.

Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is commonly used for patients with clinically detected nodal metastases. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) after NAC is feasible. Excision of biopsy-proven positive lymph nodes in addition to SLNB, termed targeted axillary dissection (TAD), decreases the false-negative rate of SLNB alone.

Characteristics of Microinvasive Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Versus Noninvasive and Invasive Breast Cancer.

Background: The present literature is conflicting regarding the management of microinvasive ductal carcinoma in situ (miDCIS) as to following recommendations for DCIS (margin status, surgical axillary staging, and possible observation) versus invasive breast cancer. We hypothesize that miDCIS represents more aggressive disease than pure DCIS.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of female miDCIS patients compared with age-matched cohorts of DCIS and T1b/c patients with invasive breast cancer.

Metabolic reprogramming augments potency of human pSTAT3-inhibited iTregs to suppress alloreactivity.

Immunosuppressive donor Tregs can prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) or solid-organ allograft rejection. We previously demonstrated that inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (pSTAT3) augments FOXP3 expression, stabilizing induced Tregs (iTregs). Here we report that human pSTAT3-inhibited iTregs prevent human skin graft rejection and xenogeneic GVHD yet spare donor antileukemia immunity.

Implant-sparing Mastectomy: An Alternative for Women Undergoing Mastectomy With Retropectoral Implants.

Introduction: Implant-sparing mastectomy (ISM) is a skin-sparing mastectomy that preserves a retropectoral implant and potentially eliminates the need for tissue expansion or complex reconstruction. This study aimed to determine oncologic and surgical outcomes and reconstructive patterns in patients undergoing ISM.

Patients And Methods: A single-institution, retrospective review of patients undergoing ISM from 2006 to 2018 was performed.

Inhibition of Human Dendritic Cell ER Stress Response Reduces T Cell Alloreactivity Yet Spares Donor Anti-tumor Immunity.

Acute graft- vs. -host disease (GVHD) is an important cause of morbidity and death after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). We identify a new approach to prevent GVHD that impairs monocyte-derived dendritic cell (moDC) alloactivation of T cells, yet preserves graft- vs.

Enhanced REVENUE After Surgery? A Cost-Standardized Enhanced Recovery Pathway for Mastectomy Decreases Length of Stay.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have been shown to improve surgical, anesthetic, and economic outcomes in intermediate-to-high-risk surgeries. Its influence on length of stay and cost of low-risk surgeries has yet to be robustly studied. As value-based patient care comes to the forefront of anesthesiology research, the focus shifts to strategies that maintain quality while effectively containing cost.

Early Postoperative Complications after Oncoplastic Reduction.

Background: Breast-conserving surgery with adjuvant radiation therapy (BCT) has been established as safe oncologically. Oncoplastic breast surgery uses both oncologic and plastic surgery techniques for breast conservation to improve cosmetic outcomes. We evaluated the risk factors associated with complications after oncoplastic breast reduction.

Oncologic Safety of Prophylactic Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy in a Population With BRCA Mutations: A Multi-institutional Study.

Importance: Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) offers superior cosmetic outcomes and has been gaining wide acceptance; however, its role among patients with BRCA mutations remains controversial.

Objective: To report on the oncologic safety of NSM and provide evidence-based data to patients and health care professionals regarding preservation of the nipple-areolar complex during a risk-reducing mastectomy in a population with BRCA mutations.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of 9 institutions' experience with prophylactic NSM from 1968 to 2013 in a cohort of patients with BRCA mutations.

A comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging to axillary ultrasound in the detection of axillary nodal metastases in newly diagnosed breast cancer.

Patients with a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer are increasingly undergoing breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for preoperative staging including evaluation of axillary lymph node metastases (ALNM). This retrospective study aims to evaluate the utility of adding axillary ultrasound (AUS) in the preoperative setting when an MRI is planned or has already been performed. This IRB approved, HIPAA compliant study reviewed a total of 271 patients with a new diagnosis of invasive breast cancer at a single institution, between June 1, 2010 and June 30, 2013.

2-D and 3-D Ultrasound for Tumor Volume Analysis: A Prospective Study.

Ultrasound (US) allows real-time tumor assessment. We evaluated the volumetric limits of 2-D and 3-D US, compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with a prospective institutional review board-approved clinical evaluation of US-to-MRI volumetric correlation. US images of pre- and post-neoadjuvant breast cancers were obtained.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Axillary Breast Cancer Metastasis in the Neoadjuvant Setting: A Prospective Study.

Background: Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessment of regional breast cancer metastasis is controversial owing to the variable specificity. We evaluated breast MRI for axillary metastasis in neoadjuvant chemotherapy patients.

Materials And Methods: A single-institution, institutional review board-approved prospective trial enrolled female breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy from 2008 to 2012 and collected the pre- and post-treatment MRI, pretreatment axillary ultrasound, axillary biopsy, and surgical pathologic findings.

Clinical Considerations of Risk, Incidence, and Outcomes of Breast Cancer in Sexual Minorities.

Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Limited research exists on the impact of sexual orientation on overall risk of and mortality from breast cancer. We sought to summarize the medical literature on breast cancer in sexual minority women and identify possible disparities in this population.

Outcomes with and without axillary node dissection for node-positive lumpectomy and mastectomy patients.

Background: American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z0011 trial of select node-positive breast cancer patients demonstrated no survival or recurrence differences between SLN/axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) vs SLN. Our comparable node-positive lumpectomy and mastectomy populations should have similar outcomes.

Methods: An Institutional Review Board approved, retrospective review of pathologic SLN (N1) cases was performed.

Impact of axillary ultrasound (AUS) on axillary dissection in breast conserving surgery (BCS).

Background And Objectives: Preoperative axillary ultrasound (AUS) in clinically node-negative patients may increase axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in ACoSOG Z0011-eligible patients. We hypothesize that AUS identifies operative axillary disease (>3 positive nodes) in women undergoing breast conserving surgery (BCS).

Methods: After IRB approval, a retrospective review of female breast cancer patients was performed; patients with clinical T1/T2 tumors undergoing BCS were included.

Prospective trial of breast MRI versus 2D and 3D ultrasound for evaluation of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: Preoperative imaging to assess response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer is routine but no single imaging modality is standard of practice. Our hypothesis is that ultrasound (US) is comparable to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the prediction of residual disease.

Methods: A single-institution, Institutional Review Board-approved prospective trial of primary invasive ductal breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy enrolled women from 2008 to 2012.

Acceptance and adherence to chemoprevention among women at increased risk of breast cancer.

Background: Chemoprevention is an option for women who are at increased risk of breast cancer (five year risk ≥1.7%). It is uncertain, however, how often women accept and complete five years of therapy and whether clinical or demographic factors predict completion.

Prediction of positive margins following breast conserving surgery.

Introduction: Positive margins after breast conserving surgery frequently warrant reoperation. Our objective was to evaluate predictors of positive surgical margins after breast conserving surgery (BCS), including a previously validated online calculator/nomogram. Use of reoperation was also evaluated.

Axillary burden of disease following false-negative preoperative axillary evaluation.

Background: Preoperative axillary ultrasound (AUS) and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) are sensitive and specific for breast cancer nodal metastases. We hypothesize that false-negative result predicts minimal axillary disease (≤2 +nodes).

Methods: A retrospective review of breast cancer patients receiving AUS identified T1/T2 tumors and positive sentinel node with axillary dissection.