Preoperative Physical Therapy Is Protective From Construct Failure in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: Risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) construct failure have been studied extensively. However, while some studies account for variables such as activity level, construct types, preoperative physical therapy, or patient demographics individually, comprehensive studies that control for all these factors simultaneously are scarce.

Hypothesis: By utilizing a robust multivariable analysis, the factors associated with an increased risk of ACLR construct failure can be determined.

All-Suture Anchor Techniques for Biceps Tenodesis Are Noninferior in End-Cycle Stiffness to an Interference Screw Technique; However, Secondary Outcomes, Such as Ultimate Failure Load, Yield Load, Creep, and Load-to-Failure Stiffness, Are Inferior in an Ovine Model.

Purpose: To assess the biomechanical performance of 2 simplified loop-and-tack biceps tenodesis techniques, all-suture anchor and all-suture anchor with a button, compared with the interference screw technique in an ovine model.

Methods: Twenty-one biceps tenodesis procedures were executed on the humeri and flexor digitorum profundus tendons of skeletally mature, female sheep. Limbs were evenly randomized into 2 experimental groups (all-suture anchor with or without button) and 1 control group (interference screw).

Total Intravenous Anesthesia with Propofol Reduces Discharge Times Compared with Inhaled General Anesthesia in Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Shoulder arthroscopy is commonly performed at ambulatory surgical centers (ASCs) with use of an interscalene block and inhaled general anesthesia (IGA). However, an alternative option known as total intravenous anesthesia with propofol (TIVA-P) has shown promising results in reducing recovery time for other surgeries. The objective of this study was to assess whether there is a clinically meaningful difference in post-anesthesia care unit phase-I (PACU-I) time following shoulder arthroscopy between patients receiving an interscalene block with IGA and those receiving an interscalene block with TIVA-P.

The effect of operative time on surgical-site infection following total shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Many factors contribute to the risk of surgical-site infection (SSI) following total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Operative time is a modifiable factor that may contribute to SSI occurrence after TSA. This study aimed to determine the correlation between operative time and SSI following TSA.

Patients Who Undergo Rotator Cuff Repair Can Safely Return to Driving at 2 Weeks Postoperatively.

Background: Evidence-based guidelines are lacking for return to driving following rotator cuff repair (RCR). As a result, surgeons are often overly conservative in their recommendations, placing potential undue burden on patients and their families. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to formulate evidence-based return-to-driving guidelines.

The relationship of shoulder elevation strength to patient-reported outcome after anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Most patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to assess outcomes after anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) focus on pain and function. Although strength is considered an important component of function, only the Constant-Murley score (CMS) includes an objective measurement of shoulder strength. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between shoulder elevation strength (SES) and PROMs after aTSA for the treatment of primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GHOA).

Assessment of Flexion Strength Following Single- Versus Double-Hamstring Tendon Harvest for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: To compare isometric hamstring strength deficits, knee laxity, functional outcomes, and patient-reported outcomes between patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with doubled semitendinosus and gracilis tendon autograft (ST/G) versus quadrupled semitendinosus autograft (ST), at a minimum follow-up of 1-year postoperatively.

Methods: Patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with ST/G or ST hamstring autografts were retrospectively identified. Isometric hamstring strength was tested with a hand-held dynamometer at 30, 60, and 90° of knee flexion.

Hemophilic Arthropathy.

The musculoskeletal manifestations of hemophilia A and B are some of the most common presenting symptoms and continue to be challenging to practitioners. Hemophilic arthropathy, if not initially adequately treated and managed, may lead to debilitating disease and eventually require the consideration of major surgery, including total joint arthroplasty. Thorough comprehension of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and both medical and surgical interventions is critical in establishing an appropriate treatment regimen for these patients.

Modifications to a LATE MERISTEM IDENTITY1 gene are responsible for the major leaf shapes of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

Leaf shape varies spectacularly among plants. Leaves are the primary source of photoassimilate in crop plants, and understanding the genetic basis of variation in leaf morphology is critical to improving agricultural productivity. Leaf shape played a unique role in cotton improvement, as breeders have selected for entire and lobed leaf morphs resulting from a single locus, okra (l-D), which is responsible for the major leaf shapes in cotton.

Effects of Tranexamic Acid Cytotoxicity on In Vitro Chondrocytes.

Use of topical tranexamic acid (TXA) in orthopedic surgery has been expanding over the past decade, with increasing evidence confirming reductions in perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirements, but there is minimal evidence regarding effects of TXA on native cartilage. We conducted a study to understand the in vitro effects of TXA on bovine cartilage and murine chondrocytes and ultimately to expand the clinical application of topical TXA to include scenarios with retained native cartilage, such as hemiarthroplasty. Bovine cartilage explants were exposed to TXA at a concentration of 100 mg/mL, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) release and cell viability were measured at 8, 24, and 48 hours.

Metabolomic and transcriptomic insights into how cotton fiber transitions to secondary wall synthesis, represses lignification, and prolongs elongation.

Background: The morphogenesis of single-celled cotton fiber includes extreme elongation and staged cell wall differentiation. Designing strategies for improving cotton fiber for textiles and other uses relies on uncovering the related regulatory mechanisms. In this research we compared the transcriptomes and metabolomes of two Gossypium genotypes, Gossypium barbadense cv Phytogen 800 and G.

Virus-induced gene silencing of fiber-related genes in cotton.

Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) is a useful method for transient downregulation of gene expression in crop plants. The geminivirus Cotton leaf crumple virus (CLCrV) has been modified to serve as a VIGS vector for persistent gene silencing in cotton. Here the use of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) is described as a marker for identifying silenced tissues in reproductive tissues, a procedure that requires the use of transgenic plants.

Dual-camera technique for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

An all-arthroscopic rotator cuff repair demands a high level of technical skill and is associated with a steep learning curve. It is well accepted that small rotator cuff tears or partial tears can be more difficult than large or even massive tears to repair. Part of the reason is the difficulty in visualizing the tear, as well as important surrounding structures, during repair.

Cost benefit analysis of topical tranexamic acid in primary total hip and knee arthroplasty.

The purpose of this study was to provide a cost-benefit analysis of topical tranexamic acid (TXA) in primary total hip and knee arthroplasty patients. A retrospective cohort of 591 consecutive patients, 311 experimental and 280 control, revealed a transfusion rate reduction from 17.5% to 5.

Method: low-cost delivery of the cotton leaf crumple virus-induced gene silencing system.

Background: We previously developed a virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) vector for cotton from the bipartite geminivirusCotton leaf crumple virus (CLCrV). The original CLCrV VIGS vector was designed for biolistic delivery by a gene gun. This prerequisite limited the use of the system to labs with access to biolistic equipment.

Cotton fiber: a powerful single-cell model for cell wall and cellulose research.

Cotton fibers are single-celled extensions of the seed epidermis. They can be isolated in pure form as they undergo staged differentiation including primary cell wall synthesis during elongation and nearly pure cellulose synthesis during secondary wall thickening. This combination of features supports clear interpretation of data about cell walls and cellulose synthesis in the context of high throughput modern experimental technologies.

Investigation of antigen specific lymphocyte responses in healthy horses vaccinated with an inactivated West Nile virus vaccine.

West Nile virus (WNV) is a single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus capable of causing encephalitic disease in horses. Unvaccinated horses are at risk for developing WNV disease in endemic geographic regions. Effective vaccination reduces disease frequency and diminishes disease severity in vaccinated individuals that become infected with WNV.

Geminivirus-mediated gene silencing from Cotton leaf crumple virus is enhanced by low temperature in cotton.

A silencing vector for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) was developed from the geminivirus Cotton leaf crumple virus (CLCrV). The CLCrV coat protein gene was replaced by up to 500 bp of DNA homologous to one of two endogenous genes, the magnesium chelatase subunit I gene (ChlI) or the phytoene desaturase gene (PDS). Cotyledons of cotton cultivar 'Deltapine 5415' bombarded with the modified viral vectors manifested chlorosis due to silencing of either ChlI or PDS in approximately 70% of inoculated plants after 2 to 3 weeks.

Efficacy and tolerability of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist (M3 SRA), compared with oxybutynin in the treatment of patients with overactive bladder.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-way crossover, safety study of darifenacin versus oxybutynin was carried out on 76 patients with overactive bladder (OAB). Adults with OAB received 2 weeks each of darifenacin 15 and 30 mg once daily (q.d.

Cloning and characterization of mouse E2F8, a novel mammalian E2F family member capable of blocking cellular proliferation.

The E2F transcription factor family plays a crucial and well established role in cell cycle progression. Deregulation of E2F activities in vivo leads to developmental defects and cancer. Based on current evidence in the field, mammalian E2Fs can be functionally categorized into either transcriptional activators (E2F1, E2F2, and E2F3a) or repressors (E2F3b, E2F4, E2F5, E2F6, and E2F7).

Genetic suppression of intronic +1G mutations by compensatory U1 snRNA changes in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Mutations to the canonical +1G of introns, which are commonly found in many human inherited disease alleles, invariably result in aberrant splicing. Here we report genetic findings in C. elegans that aberrant splicing due to +1G mutations can be suppressed by U1 snRNA mutations.

Efficacy and safety of dutasteride in the four-year treatment of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Objectives: To assess the long-term safety and efficacy of dutasteride, a dual type 1 and type 2 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor, in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia and associated lower urinary tract symptoms.

Methods: Data from two Phase IIIa multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of 2-year duration plus a 2-year open-label extension were pooled and analyzed. The entry criteria included age 50 years old or older, clinical diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate volume of 30 cm3 or greater, American Urological Association symptom score of 12 or greater, peak urinary flow rate of 15 mL/s or less, and prostate-specific antigen level of 1.