Impact of group medical visits on patient engagement and quality of life.

Background: Group medical visits (GMV) effectively improve patient care and outcomes through interactive education, increased patient contact, and facilitated social support. This quality improvement research examined if patient activation and quality of life correlate with weight, blood pressure (BP), and hemoglobin A1c (A1C) through GMV interventions.

Methods: Participants were enrolled in GMV Lighten Up for weight management or GMV Diabetes.

The Optimizing Lung Screening Trial (WF-20817CD): Multicenter Randomized Effectiveness Implementation Trial to Increase Tobacco Use Cessation for Individuals Undergoing Lung Screening.

Background: One-half of all people who undergo lung cancer screening (LCS) currently use tobacco. However, few published studies have explored how to implement effective tobacco use treatment optimally during the LCS encounter.

Research Question: Was the Optimizing Lung Screening intervention (OaSiS) effective at reducing tobacco use among patients undergoing LCS in community-based radiology facilities?

Study Design And Methods: The OaSiS study (National Cancer Institute [NCI] Protocol No.

Preliminary evidence on cigarette nicotine reduction with concurrent access to an e-cigarette: Manipulating cigarette nicotine content, e-liquid nicotine content, and e-liquid flavor availability.

The reinforcing characteristics of e-cigarettes could moderate the impact of reducing cigarette nicotine content. In this study, people who smoke daily were recruited from North Carolina and Pennsylvania (US) in 2018 and 2019. Within a randomized 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design, participants received investigational cigarettes and an e-cigarette for 12 weeks.

Cigar Harm Beliefs and Associations with Cigar Use among Young Adults.

Cigar use, including little cigars and cigarillos (LCCs) and large traditional cigars, continues to harm young adults. Research on harm beliefs about cigars, particularly large cigars, is sparse. The current study examined cigar harm beliefs and associations with cigar use.

Exposure to e-cigarette health claims and association with e-cigarette use and risk perceptions: A cohort study of young adults.

Introduction: E-cigarettes have been marketed illicitly as smoking cessation aids and reduced risk tobacco products in the United States. Our study assessed consumers' exposure to such claims and evaluated their impact on relative risk perceptions and e-cigarette use.

Methods: Data are from the Assessment of the post-College Experience study, which followed a cohort of young adults since 2010 when they were college freshmen.

Longitudinal latent class analysis of tobacco use and correlates among young adults over a 10-year period.

Introduction: We assessed patterns and correlates, including demographic characteristics, psychological factors, and social role transitions, of young adults' tobacco use over time.

Methods: In the fall of 2010, we recruited a cohort of 3146 students from 11 colleges in North Carolina and Virginia. Participants completed baseline and at least two survey waves between 2010 and 2019.

Organizational Characteristics and Smoking Cessation Support in Community-Based Lung Cancer Screening Programs.

An evidence-based approach to navigation, shared decision making, and tobacco cessation education, tailored to lung cancer screening, is needed nationwide at imaging centers to achieve maximal mortality reductions from lung cancer screening.

Utility of the group medical visit model for medication-assisted therapy.

Objective: To describe a group medical visit (GMV) model to facilitate medication assisted therapy.

Design: Retrospective cohort analysis.

Participants: Adult patients over 18 years of age desiring to receive medication assisted therapy (MAT).

Decreases in smoking and vaping during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders among a cohort of young adults in the United States.

In Spring 2020, most US states and territories implemented stay-at-home orders to slow transmission of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2, the cause of COVID-19. Little is known about the impact of stay-at-home orders on tobacco and nicotine use including among young adults. The current study examined participants (N = 1727) completing three recent survey waves from a longitudinal cohort of young adults recruited in 2010 from North Carolina and Virginia, USA: Wave 13 (Spring 2019), Wave 14 (Fall 2019), and Wave 15 (Spring 2020) to assess changes in cigarette and e-cigarette use.

The correlation between food insecurity and infant mortality in North Carolina.

Objective: Food insecurity (FI) affects approximately 11·1 % of US households and is related to worsened infant outcomes. Evidence in lower income countries links FI and infant mortality rates (IMR), but there are limited data in the USA. This study examines the relationship between FI and IMR in North Carolina (NC).

Opioid Use Disorder and Assessment of Patient Interactions Among Family Medicine Residents, Medical Students, and Physician Assistant Students.

Introduction: In light of the opioid overdose epidemic in the US and the necessity of developing training to conduct difficult conversations around opioid dependence, three case-based videos were created to demonstrate providers using motivational interviewing (MI) with patients who have opioid use disorder (OUD). These vignettes displayed a primary care provider interacting with a patient seeking opioids.

Methods: Learners-including third-year medical and physician assistant (PA) students, and family medicine residents-viewed three videos set in a family medicine clinic and assessed clinician use of MI when interacting with patients with OUD.

Are Waterpipe Café, Vape Shop, and Traditional Tobacco Retailer Locations Associated with Community Composition and Young Adult Tobacco Use in North Carolina and Virginia?

We examined whether waterpipe café, vape shop, and traditional tobacco retailer (e.g. stores selling cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco) locations were associated with census tract composition and tobacco use among young adults in North Carolina and Virginia.

Launching a Medication-Assisted Treatment in an Outpatient Office-Based Practice.

Opioid use and overdose are escalating in the United States. Primary care providers are in a strategic position to assess patients for medication-assisted treatment (MAT). To describe the implementation of MAT in an integrated primary care residency clinic and assess provider comfort levels with evaluating patients for high-risk opioid use, conduct crucial conversations about MAT treatment options and referral to MAT for evaluation and treatment.

The OaSiS trial: A hybrid type II, national cluster randomized trial to implement smoking cessation during CT screening for lung cancer.

Introduction: When the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services announced coverage for low dose CT lung cancer screening, they also mandated that imaging centers offer smoking cessation services. We designed the Optimizing Lung Screening (OaSiS) trial to evaluate strategies to implement the Public Health Service Guidelines for Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence during CT screening for lung cancer.

Methods And Design: OaSiS was implemented using a pragmatic effectiveness-implementation hybrid design in 26 imaging clinics across the United States affiliated with the National Cancer Institute's National Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP).

Group Medical Visits: experiences with patient and resident implementation.

: Patients with diabetes must navigate multiple components of care to self-manage their disease. Group Medical Visits (GMVs) are a forum for patients to see a provider as well as actively participate in education and care management with other patients with diabetes. The objective is to describe GMV implementation and resident involvement in a primary care setting.

Correlates of Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drink Use Among First Year College Students: Clinical and Research Implications.

Alcohol mixed with energy drink (AmED) use among college students is associated with specific adverse effects (e.g., sexual assault, driving while intoxicated).

Effect of a Digital Health Intervention on Receipt of Colorectal Cancer Screening in Vulnerable Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) reduces mortality, yet more than one third of age-eligible Americans are unscreened.

Objective: To examine the effect of a digital health intervention, Mobile Patient Technology for Health-CRC (mPATH-CRC), on rates of CRC screening.

Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Availability and Placement of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems at the Point-of-Sale.

Introduction: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are widely available and come in a variety of forms, including disposable cigalikes and refillable tank systems. However, little is known about their placement at the point-of-sale. We explored the placement of various ENDS types among tobacco retailers.

Trends in point-of-sale tobacco marketing around college campuses: Opportunities for enhanced tobacco control efforts.

Objective: Colleges have implemented policies to limit tobacco use on-campus; however, the off-campus environment is often overlooked in tobacco control efforts. We assessed availability, marketing, and promotion of cigarettes, snus, and traditional smokeless tobacco (SLT) in a sample of communities surrounding 11 college campuses in North Carolina and Virginia.

Participants: Between January-March of 2011, 2012 and 2013, 481 tobacco-selling retailers, including convenience stores, pharmacies and supermarkets, located near campuses were assessed.

Tobacco product use and mental health status among young adults.

Background: Individuals with mental health conditions represent a priority population for tobacco control. This population smokes cigarettes at disproportionately higher rates than the general population, but less is known about the relationship between non-cigarette tobacco use and mental health status.

Method: In 2013, 2370 young adults recruited from 11 colleges in North Carolina and Virginia completed an online survey on tobacco use.

Usability of a Novel Mobile Health iPad App by Vulnerable Populations.

Background: Recent advances in mobile technologies have created new opportunities to reach broadly into populations that are vulnerable to health disparities. However, mobile health (mHealth) strategies could paradoxically increase health disparities, if low socioeconomic status individuals lack the technical or literacy skills needed to navigate mHealth programs.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether patients from vulnerable populations could successfully navigate and complete an mHealth patient decision aid.

Marijuana use trajectories and academic outcomes among college students.

Background: Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug by college students. Prior studies have established an association between marijuana use and poor academic performance in college, but research on the frequency of marijuana use over the entire college career is limited. The study objective was to examine the association of marijuana use trajectories on academic outcomes, including senior year enrollment, plans to graduate on time, and GPA.