Risk factors affecting the incidence of infection after orthopaedic surgery: the role of chemoprophylaxis.

The incidence of surgical site infection and urinary tract infection following orthopaedic procedures has diminished in recent years due to modern antimicrobial prophylaxis. We conducted a case-control study (100 cases, 100 controls) in order to evaluate the risk factors associated with infection after orthopaedic procedures. The following risk factors were defined: gender, age, comorbidities [rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, obesity (> 30 kg/m2), peripheral vessel disease], pre- and post-operative glucose levels, pre-operative and post-operative length of stay (days), duration (days) of urinary catheterization, type of parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis (cefotaxime or vancomycin), time of surgery (elective or scheduled), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Score (0-3), type of surgery (fracture osteosynthesis, joint replacement, spinal surgery, other), and the type of anesthesia administered (general, epidural, spinal).

Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with Delta plasty: an innovative approach with hamstrings' transfer and double tibial tunnel.

We propose a new technique, with double bundle, double tibial tunnels with a bridge between them, using the hamstrings as auto-grafts, retaining either their central or peripheral attachment. A prospective series of 41 patients underwent primary reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament by one surgeon, arthroscopically and electronically assisted; 37 were men and 4 were women with a mean age of 24.7 years.

ACL reconstruction with semitendinosus tendon autograft without detachment of its tibial insertion: a histologic study in a rabbit model.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histologic changes that occur between 3 and 12 weeks in an intra-articular, semitendinosus autograft, which was harvested without detachment of its tibial insertion and was placed through tibial and femoral drill holes, in a rabbit model. About 30 New Zealand white rabbits underwent ACL replacement using a semitendinosus tendon autograft. The normal ACL was transected at its femoral and tibial insertions.

Comparison of fixation methods of double-bundle double-tibial tunnel ACL reconstruction and double-bundle single-tunnel technique.

An experimental study was conducted in order to evaluate biomechanical methods of single-bundle reconstruction in ACL and compare it with a new double-bundle double-tibial tunnel technique. Twenty-four porcine cadaver knees, divided into 4 groups of 6 knees each and 48 proper extensors of the fourth toe tendons, were used for the fixation techniques. In groups A and B, a double-bundle technique with a single femoral and tibial tunnel was used, fixed to a femoral and tibial post with screws and with buttons, respectively.

ACL reconstruction and the implication of its tibial attachment for stability of the joint: anthropometric and biomechanical study.

The planar topography of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) insertion was investigated and correlated to the use of the double-bundle/double tibial tunnel ACL reconstruction technique within the ACL tibial insertion area. The anteroposterior and mediolateral length of the tibial ACL attachment and the distances of the tibial insertion area from the anterior and posterior tibial borders were measured and the stability of the joint was tested using the double-bundle/double tibial tunnel ACL reconstruction technique. The anteroposterior length, 19.

Cementless LCS rotating-platform knee arthroplasty in patients over 60 years without patella replacement: a mid-term clinical-outcome study.

Background: The aim of this prospective paper is to present the results of a cementless LCS rotating-platform artificial knee design without resurfacing of the patella in patients over 60 years of age.

Material/methods: In this prospective series, 234 patients were included with 251 knees. The LCS rotating-platform uncemented design was used in all cases, without replacement of the patella.

Isolated meniscal repair in the avascular area.

The authors present the results of a prospective cohort study carried out in young patients, to evaluate the outcome of meniscal repair in the avascular region of the meniscus. Forty five patients underwent either open (23 patients) or arthroscopic repair (22 patients) between 1982 and 1992. Seventeen men and eight women were included in the present study; their ages at the time of admission ranged from 16 to 27 years.