Calcaneal Bone Biopsy Inconsistency between Specimens Obtained From Trephine and Fine Needle Biopsy Techniques.

Standardized methods for osteomyelitis (OM) diagnosis of the lower extremity have proven to be difficult. Preoperative probability of foot osteomyelitis necessitates a combination of clinical, laboratory, imaging evidence (i.e.

Relationships Between First Metatarsal and Sesamoid Positions and Other Clinically Relevant Parameters for Hallux Valgus Surgery.

Relationships between hallux valgus (HV) and other measurements within the first ray have been extensively studied. It is becoming more popular to correct HV deformity with tarsometatarsal joint arthrodesis while internally (varus) rotating the first metatarsal. This, in turn, reduces the sesamoid position when viewed in the dorsoplantar projection on radiographs.

Safety in steep slope logging operations.

Partial results of a NIOSH-funded study for "Protecting the Logging Workforce: Development of Innovative Logging Techniques for a Safer Work Environment" by a team of researchers at Oregon State University are presented that review safety in steep slope logging. Comparisons are made for hazards and exposures of "conventional" and new technologies for steep slopes. Hazards of new technologies are identified.

Potential carbon storage in biochar made from logging residue: Basic principles and Southern Oregon case studies.

The industrial production of long-lived charcoal products (commonly referred to as biochar) from otherwise shorter-lived logging resides (commonly referred to a slash) has been proposed as a means to increasing terrestrial carbon storage thus mitigating global warming caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. We present a generalized model that describes the temporal dynamics of biochar carbon stocks, relative to carbon of unmodified logging residue, and evaluate the sensitivity of carbon storage to various biophysical and production parameters. Using this model, we then attribute net carbon storage to several potential biochar production scenarios, specifically engineered to use wood recovered from harvests prescribed to reduce fire hazard in mixed-conifer forests of South-central Oregon.

CRISPR-Cas9 directed knock-out of a constitutively expressed gene using lance array nanoinjection.

Background: CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing and labeling has emerged as an important tool in biologic research, particularly in regards to potential transgenic and gene therapy applications. Delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 plasmids to target cells is typically done by non-viral methods (chemical, physical, and/or electrical), which are limited by low transfection efficiencies or with viral vectors, which are limited by safety and restricted volume size. In this work, a non-viral transfection technology, named lance array nanoinjection (LAN), utilizes a microfabricated silicon chip to physically and electrically deliver genetic material to large numbers of target cells.

A review of genetic engineering biotechnologies for enhanced chronic wound healing.

Traditional methods for addressing chronic wounds focus on correcting dysfunction by controlling extracellular elements. This review highlights technologies that take a different approach - enhancing chronic wound healing by genetic modification to wound beds. Featured cutaneous transduction/transfection methods include viral modalities (ie adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, retroviruses and lentiviruses) and conventional non-viral modalities (ie naked DNA injections, microseeding, liposomal reagents, particle bombardment and electroporation).

The effect of injection speed and serial injection on propidium iodide entry into cultured HeLa and primary neonatal fibroblast cells using lance array nanoinjection.

Background: Although site-directed genetic engineering has greatly improved in recent years, particularly with the implementation of CRISPR-Cas9, the ability to deliver these molecular constructs to a wide variety of cell types without adverse reaction is still a challenge. One non-viral transfection method designed to address this challenge is a MEMS based biotechnology described previously as lance array nanoinjection (LAN). LAN delivery of molecular loads is based upon the combinational use of electrical manipulation of loads of interest and physical penetration of target cell membranes.

A multilevel cross-lagged structural equation analysis for reciprocal relationship between social capital and health.

We investigated the reciprocal relationship between individual social capital and perceived mental and physical health in the UK. Using data from the British Household Panel Survey from 1991 to 2008, we fitted cross-lagged structural equation models that include three indicators of social capital vis. social participation, social network, and loneliness.

Using sulfite chemistry for robust bioconversion of Douglas-fir forest residue to bioethanol at high titer and lignosulfonate: a pilot-scale evaluation.

This study demonstrated at the pilot-scale (50 kg) use of Douglas-fir forest harvest residue, an underutilized forest biomass, for the production of high titer and high yield bioethanol using sulfite chemistry without solid-liquor separation and detoxification. Sulfite Pretreatment to Overcome the Recalcitrance of Lignocelluloses (SPORL) was directly applied to the ground forest harvest residue with no further mechanical size reduction, at a low temperature of 145°C and calcium bisulfite or total SO2 loadings of only 6.5 or 6.

Biologic Basis of Nerve Decompression Surgery for Focal Entrapments in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.

The most recent (2011) National Diabetes Fact Sheet states the combined diagnosed and undiagnosed number of diabetes cases in the United States is approaching 25 million, and another 79 million are prediabetic. Of the diabetes patients, 60-70% suffer from mild to severe neuropathy. This combined loss of sensory and motor control in diabetic limbs is usually considered an irreversible, progressive process.

An expert-based approach to forest road network planning by combining Delphi and spatial multi-criteria evaluation.

Changes in forest landscapes resulting from road construction have increased remarkably in the last few years. On the other hand, the sustainable management of forest resources can only be achieved through a well-organized road network. In order to minimize the environmental impacts of forest roads, forest road managers must design the road network efficiently and environmentally as well.

Optimal policies for aggregate recycling from decommissioned forest roads.

To mitigate the adverse environmental impact of forest roads, especially degradation of endangered salmonid habitat, many public and private land managers in the western United States are actively decommissioning roads where practical and affordable. Road decommissioning is associated with reduced long-term environmental impact. When decommissioning a road, it may be possible to recover some aggregate (crushed rock) from the road surface.

Procarbazine as adjunctive therapy for treatment of dogs with presumptive antemortem diagnosis of granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis: 21 cases (1998-2004).

Background: Granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (GME) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Remission often is short-lived in dogs treated with glucocorticoids. Procarbazine is T cell-specific and crosses the blood-brain barrier.

In vivo effects of carprofen, deracoxib, and etodolac on prostanoid production in blood, gastric mucosa, and synovial fluid in dogs with chronic osteoarthritis.

Objective: To evaluate in vivo activity of carprofen, deracoxib, and etodolac on prostanoid production in several target tissues in dogs with chronic osteoarthritis.

Animals: 8 dogs with chronic unilateral osteoarthritis of the stifle joint.

Procedure: Each dog received carprofen, deracoxib, or etodolac for 10 days with a 30- to 60-day washout period between treatments.