Development of a rapid multiplexed assay for the direct screening of antimicrobial residues in raw milk.

Antimicrobial residues found to be present in milk can have both health and economic impacts. For these reasons, the widespread routine testing of milk is required. Due to delays with sample handling and test scheduling, laboratory-based tests are not always suited for making decisions about raw material intake and product release, especially when samples require shipping to a central testing facility.

Accelerated dosing frequency of a pulmonary formulation of tissue plasminogen activator is well-tolerated in mice.

1. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) has both fibrinolytic and anti-inflammatory activity. These properties may be useful in treating inflammatory lung diseases, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Quantification of stem-cement interfacial gaps: in vitro CT analysis of Charnley-Kerboul and Lubinus SPII femoral hip implants.

Interfacial defects between the cement mantle and a hip implant may arise from constrained shrinkage of the cement or from air introduced during insertion of the stem. Shrinkage-induced interfacial porosity consists of small pores randomly located around the stem, whereas introduced interfacial gaps are large, individual and less uniformly distributed areas of stem-cement separation. Using a validated CT-based technique, we investigated the extent, morphology and distribution of interfacial gaps for two types of stem, the Charnley-Kerboul and the Lubinus SPII, and for two techniques of implantation, line-to-line and undersized.

An anatomical study of the arteries of the anterior nasal septum.

Objective: The anterior nasal septum is a clinically important area, yet anatomical descriptions of its arterial pattern are hitherto incomplete. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the arteries of the anterior nasal septum form a fine random network of vessels.

Study Design: The arterial pattern of the nasal septum was traced by microdissection of 12 cadaveric septa (24 sides).

Feasibility of tissue plasminogen activator formulated for pulmonary delivery.

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the feasibility of a pulmonary formulation of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for nebulization into the airway by measuring protein stability, biologic activity, particle size, and estimating human lung distribution.

Methods: Formulations were derived by varying the surfactant and protein concentrations. Protein stability and recovery of each nebulized tPA formulation were assessed by ultraviolet spectroscopy.

Inhibition of human neutrophil reactive oxygen species production and p67phox translocation by cigarette smoke extract.

The association between cigarette smoking and atherogenesis is well established. Inflammatory cells may participate in atherogenesis via activation of the NADPH oxidase and the subsequent production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which exacerbates endothelial injury. However, little is known about the ability of cigarette smoke (CS) to modulate NADPH oxidase protein function.

Particulate phase cigarette smoke increases MnSOD, NQO1, and CINC-1 in rat lungs.

Loss of antioxidant/oxidant homeostasis perpetuates inflammation in the lungs and may contribute to the development of COPD and lung cancer. Cigarette smoke (CS) is a primary source of airway oxidative stress and recruits inflammatory cells into smokers' lungs. However, whether these consequences are attributable to a specific or the collective fraction of CS is unknown.

Administration of exogenous tissue plasminogen activator reduces oedema in mice lacking the tissue plasminogen activator gene.

It has recently become apparent that tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) modulates inflammation in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We have shown previously that tPA has anti-inflammatory activity in in vivo models of oedema or inflammation. The present study investigated the ability of exogenous recombinant tPA (rtPA) to reduce carrageenan-mediated oedema in mice lacking the tPA gene, testing the hypothesis that rtPA treatment may be beneficial in diseases such as RA and ARDS in which there is a paucity of endogenous tPA.