Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species.

A new species of Endoclita C. & R. Felder from Yen Lap district, Phu Tho province, Vietnam, E.

Three new Chinese species of Palpifer Hampson from the collection of Franz Daniel (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae).

New Chinese Palpifer species are described from Yunnan and Fujian provinces. The male of Palpifer nielseni sp. n.

Biogeographic-tectonic calibration of 14 nodes in a butterfly timetree.

The butterfly subtribe Coenonymphina (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) comprises four main clades found, respectively, in (1) the Solomon Islands, (2) Australasia, (3) NW South America and (4) Laurasia, with a phylogeny: 1 (2 (3 + 4)). In assessing biogeographic evolution in the group we rejected the conversion of fossil-calibrated clade ages to likely maximum clade ages by the imposition of arbitrary priors. Instead, we used biogeographic-tectonic calibration, with fossil-calibrated ages accepted as minima.

Descriptions of two new genera and six new species of ghost-moths (Lepidoptera: Hepialoidea: Hepialidae) from south-eastern and southern Brazil.

Agripialus gen. n. and Mutipialus gen.

Morphological notes on Gazoryctra sciophanes (Ferguson) and G. confusus (Edwards) (Lepidoptera: Hepialoidea: Hepialidae).

The genus Gazoryctra Hübner comprises 10 species in North America and four in northern Eurasia. The remaining diversity of North American Hepialidae is represented by four species of Sthenopis Packard, three species of Phymatopus Wallengren, and one species of Korscheltellus Börner (Nielsen et al. 2000; Grehan Knyazev 2019).

Taxonomic composition and monophyly of the genus Magnificus (Lepidoptera: Hepialoidea: Hepialidae).

The genus Magnificus Yan, 2000 was originally established to include M. jiuzhiensis Yan, 2000 and M. zhiduoensis Yan, 2000.

The Galápagos Islands: biogeographic patterns and geology.

In the traditional biogeographic model, the Galápagos Islands appeared a few million years ago in a sea where no other islands existed and were colonized from areas outside the region. However, recent work has shown that the Galápagos hotspot is 139 million years old (Early Cretaceous), and so groups are likely to have survived at the hotspot by dispersal of populations onto new islands from older ones. This process of metapopulation dynamics means that species can persist indefinitely in an oceanic region, as long as new islands are being produced.

Taxonomic revision of Schausiana Viette with two new species from Guatemala and notes on biogeography and correlated tectonics (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae).

We morphologically validate the genus Schausiana Viette, 1950 as a monophyletic group comprising five species-S. phalerus (Druce, 1887) comb. n.

Four new species of Splendid Ghost Moths (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae: Aenetus) from Australia and Papua New Guinea.

Four new Aenetus Herrich-Schäffer species are described from northern Australasia; Aenetus simonseni sp. nov. from the top-end of the Northern Territory, Australia, A.

Ghost-moths of Trinidad and Tobago with description of a new genus and a new species (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae).

The Hepialidae species of Trinidad and Tobago are documented and two species are recognized. The new and monotypic genus Wallacella, gen. n.

Description of Walkeriella miraculosa, gen. n. et sp. n. from South-East Peru (Lepidoptera: Hepialoidea: Hepialidae).

Walkeriella miraculosa gen. n. et sp.

New species of Endoclita (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) and revived species status of E. kosemponis from Taiwan.

Two species of Endoclita C. . R.

A new Endoclita (C. . R. Felder, 1874) from the High Mountains of Taiwan with notes about its evolutionary origins (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae).

A new species Endoclita atayala Buchsbaum Hsu sp. n. is based on a single female specimen collected at light in the high mountains of northern Taiwan.

New species of Dugdaleiella, gen. nov., Kozloviella, gen. nov., and Pfitzneriella Viette from upper elevation Andes of Ecuador and Peru (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae).

Six new Hepialidae species are described from high elevation habitats in the Andes of Peru and Ecuador. One species is assigned to the genus Kozloviella gen. n.

Evolutionary biogeography and tectonic history of the ghost moth families Hepialidae, Mnesarchaeidae, and Palaeosetidae in the Southwest Pacific (Lepidoptera: Exoporia).

The biogeographic history of Exoporia (Lepidoptera) in the Southwest Pacific is reconstructed for genera and species that show distributional boundaries corresponding to tectonic structures in the region. Correlations with tectonic formations of Mesozoic origin such as the Whitsunday Volcanic Province and Otway-Bass-Gippsland Basin system in Australia, the Vitiaz Fracture Zone in northern Melanesia, and the Western Province-Eastern Province boundary, Waitaki Fault Zone, and Waihemo Fault Zone of New Zealand are presented as evidence of an East Gondwana origin for genera and species before the geological separation of Australia and New Zealand. The correlated boundaries also suggest that many extant species retain at least parts of their original East Gondwana distribution ranges.

Re-characterization of with a re-description of from Central America (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae).

The hepialid genus Gymelloxes Viette, 1952 is characterized by, and differs from all other genera, by the male genitalia and a combination of characters. G. terea is redescribed due to the brevity of the original description.

Mona Lisa smile: the morphological enigma of human and great ape evolution.

The science of human evolution is confronted with the popular chimpanzee theory and the earlier but largely ignored orangutan theory. The quality and scope of published documentation and verification of morphological features suggests there is very little in morphology to support a unique common ancestor for humans and chimpanzees. A close relationship between humans and African apes is currently supported by only eight unproblematic characters.