A Range of Service Delivery Modes for Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder Are Effective: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To investigate whether the environment and personnel providing intervention to children with developmental coordination disorder make a difference in motor outcomes and perceived competency.

Methods: Ninety-three children (66 males), aged 5 years 1 month to 8 years 11 months, with developmental coordination disorder were randomized to receive a 13-week group-based task-oriented intervention, either at school by a school assistant or physical therapist, or in a health clinic by a physical therapist. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC) assessed motor skills pre- and postintervention.

The impact of 10-minute activity breaks outside the classroom on male students' on-task behaviour and sustained attention: a randomised crossover design.

Aim: The aim was to evaluate the impact of a brief activity bout outside the classroom on boys' attention and on-task behaviour in the classroom setting.

Methods: Fifty-eight boys (mean age 11.2 ± 0.

Randomized controlled trial of yoga for chronic poststroke hemiparesis: motor function, mental health, and quality of life outcomes.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of yoga for motor function, mental health, and quality of life outcomes in persons with chronic poststroke hemiparesis.

Method: Twenty-two individuals participated in a randomized controlled trial involving assessment of task-orientated function, balance, mobility, depression, anxiety, and quality of life domains before and after either a 10-week yoga intervention (n = 11) or no treatment (n = 11).

Results: The yoga intervention did not result in any significant improvements in objective motor function measures, however there was a significant improvement in quality of life associated with perceived motor function (P = .

Advancing health-related cluster analysis methodology: quantification of pairwise activity cluster similarities.

Background: To date, most health-related time-use research has investigated behaviors in isolation; more recently, however, researchers have begun to conceptualize behaviors in the form of multidimensional patterns or clusters.

Methods: The study employed 2 techniques: radar graphs and centroid vector length, angles and distance to quantify pairwise time-use cluster similarities among adolescents living in Australia (N = 1853) and in New Zealand (N = 679).

Results: Based on radar graph shape, 2 pairs of clusters were similar for both boys and girls.

Clustering of attitudes towards obesity: a mixed methods study of Australian parents and children.

Background: Current population-based anti-obesity campaigns often target individuals based on either weight or socio-demographic characteristics, and give a 'mass' message about personal responsibility. There is a recognition that attempts to influence attitudes and opinions may be more effective if they resonate with the beliefs that different groups have about the causes of, and solutions for, obesity. Limited research has explored how attitudinal factors may inform the development of both upstream and downstream social marketing initiatives.

Can resistance training change the strength, body composition and self-concept of overweight and obese adolescent males? A randomised controlled trial.

Background/aim: Resistance training is an exercise modality at which overweight and obese adolescents can excel and which can therefore positively affect their psychological well-being. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a 6-month resistance training intervention on the self-concept strength and body composition of overweight and obese adolescent males.

Methods: 56 overweight and obese males aged 13-17 years were randomly allocated to an Intervention (n=30) or Control (n=26) group.

Effects of fish oil supplementation on learning and behaviour of children from Australian Indigenous remote community schools: a randomised controlled trial.

Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for brain function. We recruited 409 children aged 3-13 years (M=8.27, SD=2.

Brief mindfulness-based therapy for chronic tension-type headache: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Background: Mindfulness-based therapy (MBT) has been demonstrated to be effective for reducing chronic pain symptoms; however, the use of MBT for Chronic Tension-Type Headache (CTH) exclusively has to date not been examined. Typically, MBT for chronic pain has involved an 8-week program based on Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction. Recent research suggests briefer mindfulness-based treatments may be effective for chronic pain.

Chronic condition management and self-management in Aboriginal communities in South Australia: outcomes of a longitudinal study.

Objectives: This paper describes the longitudinal component of a larger mixed methods study into the processes and outcomes of chronic condition management and self-management strategies implemented in three Aboriginal communities in South Australia. The study was designed to document the connection between the application of structured systems of care for Aboriginal people and their longer-term health status.

Methods: The study concentrated on three diverse Aboriginal communities in South Australia; the Port Lincoln Aboriginal Health Service, the Riverland community, and Nunkuwarrin Yunti Aboriginal Health Service in the Adelaide metropolitan area.

Somatotyping using 3D anthropometry: a cluster analysis.

Somatotyping is the quantification of human body shape, independent of body size. Hitherto, somatotyping (including the most popular method, the Heath-Carter system) has been based on subjective visual ratings, sometimes supported by surface anthropometry. This study used data derived from three-dimensional (3D) whole-body scans as inputs for cluster analysis to objectively derive clusters of similar body shapes.

Associations between parenting styles and nutrition knowledge and 2-5-year-old children's fruit, vegetable and non-core food consumption.

Objective: During the early years, parents have a major influence on children’s diets and developing food choices. We investigated parenting styles as predictors of 2–5-year-old children’s diets and whether general nutrition knowledge (GNK) mediated these influences.

Design: Cross-sectional research.

Anthropometric estimates of total and regional body fat in children aged 6-17 years.

Aim: To develop prediction equations for total and regional (trunk, abdominal, arms and legs) body fat using surface anthropometric measures in children aged 6-17 years.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional correlation study of 70 Caucasian children aged 6-17 years recruited from a larger randomly sampled population-based study. The independent variables included age, mass, height, body mass index, waist and hip girth, and skinfold thicknesses at eight sites.

Is three-dimensional anthropometric analysis as good as traditional anthropometric analysis in predicting junior rowing performance?

With the use of three-dimensional whole body scanning technology, this study compared the 'traditional' anthropometric model [one-dimensional (1D) measurements] to a 'new' model [1D, two-dimensional (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) measurements] to determine: (1) which model predicted more of the variance in self-reported best 2000-m ergometry rowing performance; and (2) what were the best anthropometric predictors of ergometry performance, for junior rowers competing at the 2007 and 2008 Australian Rowing Championships. Each rower (257 females, 16.3 ± 1.

A reduction in the use of volunteered descriptors of air hunger is associated with increased walking distance in people with COPD.

Background: This study investigated whether descriptors of breathlessness differed after participation in an 8 week pulmonary rehabilitation program and whether changes in sensory quality would be reflected in responsiveness to pulmonary rehabilitation.

Methods: People with COPD provided descriptors for their sensation of breathlessness before and after an 8 week pulmonary rehabilitation program. Primary outcomes for responsiveness to pulmonary rehabilitation were the 6 minute walk distance (6MWD) and the St George Respiratory questionnaire.

The epidemiology of injury for an elite junior Australian Football cohort.

Objectives: To implement an injury recording protocol in a junior elite Australian Football competition and determine the injury profile of this population.

Design: Longitudinal cohort study.

Methods: Players from an elite Under 18 Australian Football competition were tracked throughout one football season in terms of participation or non-participation in the football competition.

Parental nutrition knowledge and attitudes as predictors of 5-6-year-old children's healthy food knowledge.

Objective: Young children's knowledge about healthy food may influence the formation of their eating behaviours, and parents have a major influence on the development of children's knowledge in the early years.

Design: We investigated the extent to which parental nutrition knowledge and attitudes around food predicted young children's knowledge of healthy foods, controlling for other influences such as socio-economic status (SES) and parent education levels in a cross-sectional research design. Children were given a healthy food knowledge activity and parents completed questionnaires.

Evidence-based practice profiles of physiotherapists transitioning into the workforce: a study of two cohorts.

Background: Training in the five steps of evidence-based practice (EBP) has been recommended for inclusion in entry-level health professional training. The effectiveness of EBP education has been explored predominantly in the medical and nursing professions and more commonly in post-graduate than entry-level students. Few studies have investigated longitudinal changes in EBP attitudes and behaviours.

Effects of n-3 fatty acids, EPA v. DHA, on depressive symptoms, quality of life, memory and executive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a 6-month randomised controlled trial.

Depressive symptoms may increase the risk of progressing from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia. Consumption of n-3 PUFA may alleviate both cognitive decline and depression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the benefits of supplementing a diet with n-3 PUFA, DHA and EPA, for depressive symptoms, quality of life (QOL) and cognition in elderly people with MCI.

In search of lost sleep: secular trends in the sleep time of school-aged children and adolescents.

Background: Sleep deficits are associated with a wide range of detrimental physical and mental health outcomes. There is concern that children are not getting enough sleep, and that sleep duration has been declining. However, evidence is sparse.

Alcohol, metabolic risk and elevated serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in Indigenous Australians.

Background: The interaction between overweight/obesity and alcohol intake on liver enzyme concentrations have been demonstrated. No studies have yet examined the interaction between metabolic syndrome or multiple metabolic risk factors and alcohol intake on liver enzymes. The aim of this study was to examine if alcohol consumption modifies the effect of metabolic risk on elevated serum GGT in Indigenous Australians.

The internal consistency and construct validity of the partners in health scale: validation of a patient rated chronic condition self-management measure.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the internal consistency and construct validity of the revised 12-item self-rated Partners in Health (PIH) scale used to assess patients' chronic condition self-management knowledge and behaviours.

Methods: Baseline PIH data were collected for a total of 294 patients with a range of co-morbid chronic conditions including diabetes, cardiovascular disease and arthritis. Scale data for the initial sample of 176 patients were analysed for internal consistency and construct validity using Reliability Analysis and Factor Analysis.

The relationships between sex, age, geography and time in bed in adolescents: a meta-analysis of data from 23 countries.

Objectives: To quantify the relationships between age, sex and country of residence and sleep time (time in bed) in young people aged 9-18 years.

Methods: Thirty studies of sleep patterns in healthy adolescents from the last 30 years in 20 countries were reviewed. Monte Carlo simulation generated pseudo-data where only summary statistics were available.

Affective descriptors of the sensation of breathlessness are more highly associated with severity of impairment than physical descriptors in people with COPD.

Background: Previous studies of the qualitative sensation of breathlessness have suggested that greater sensory discomfort is reported as airflow obstruction increases. This study investigated relationships between the language of breathlessness and severity of impairment in subjects with COPD.

Methods: Using a prospective, observational approach, subjects completed a structured interview in which they volunteered words to describe their sensation of breathlessness and endorsed statements from a preexisting descriptor list.

Transversus abdominis: changes in thickness during the unsupported upper limb exercise test in older adults.

Novel, short-lived upper limb tasks performed by young adults have been used to investigate the role of transversus abdominis (TrA) in maintaining postural stability. Little information exists concerning the behaviour of TrA in older adults during protracted postural challenges. The primary aim of this study was to describe the change in thickness of TrA during an incremental upper limb exercise test in older adults.

Quality of recalled dyspnoea is different from exercise-induced dyspnoea: an experimental study.

Questions: Are volunteered and endorsed descriptors of recalled breathlessness consistent with descriptors of exercise-induced breathlessness? Are volunteered and endorsed descriptors of exercise-induced breathlessness consistent?

Design: Within-participant, repeated measures, experimental study.

Participants: 57 people with symptomatic chronic respiratory disease aged 71 years.

Intervention: There were three conditions.