Evolution of human papilloma virus prevalence in a highly vaccinated region in Belgium: a retrospective cohort study in Flemish women (2010-2019).

Objective: In order to lower the incidence of cervical cancer, vaccines against high-risk types of the human papilloma virus (hrHPV) were approved and brought on the market in 2007, with a partial reimbursement for Belgian citizens younger than 18 years old. Since 2010, a school-based vaccination program ensures a high vaccination coverage in young women. In this study, the impact of the Belgian vaccination program on the prevalence of HPV 16/18 is studied, together with the evolution of the prevalence of other hrHPV types and precancerous lesions.

Safety evaluation of long-term temperature controlled whole-body thermal treatment in female Aachen minipig.

Thermal treatment (TT), defined as treatment using supra-physiological body temperatures (39-45 C), somewhat resembles fever in terms of temperature range, one of the first natural barriers for the body to fight exposure to external pathogens. Whole-body thermal treatment (WBTT) consists of heating up the complete body to a temperature range of 39 to 45 C. Despite the recognized therapeutic potential of hyperthermia, the broad clinical use of WBTT has been limited by safety issues related to medical devices and procedures used to achieve WBTT, in particular adequate control of the body temperature.

Performance of OncoE6 Cervical Test in detecting cervical precancer lesions in HIV-positive women attending an HIV clinic in Bujumbura, Burundi: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: New rapid and low-cost molecular tests for cervical cancer screening, such as the OncoE6 Cervical Test, are emerging and could be alternatives for low-income and middle-income countries. To this end, we evaluated the clinical performance of the OncoE6 Cervical Test in detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) among HIV-infected women in Bujumbura, Burundi.

Methods: From June to December 2017, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 680 HIV-positive women at the University Hospital.

Tobacco use and oral sex practice among dental clinic attendees.

Tobacco use and oral sex (OS) are important risk factors for oral and oropharyngeal Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Little is known about the prevalence of OS practice in South Africa. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OS practice and tobacco use in a South African patient population.

Knowledge and practices of general practitioners at district hospitals towards cervical cancer prevention in Burundi, 2015: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Well-organized screening and treatment programmes are effective to prevent Invasive Cervical Cancer (ICC) in LMICs. To achieve this, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the involvement of existing health personnel in casu doctors, nurses, midwives in ICC prevention. A necessary precondition is that health personnel have appropriate knowledge about ICC.

Genital Tract Infections in an Isolated Community: 100 Women of the Príncipe Island.

Objective: To characterize the vaginal microbiome and the rate of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the women of Príncipe (São Tomé and Príncipe).

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 100 consecutive women, invited for a free appointment and cervical cancer screening. A vaginal slide (wet mount microscopy) and a cervical sample (ThinPrep®) (Pap test, high risk [HR-HPV], .

The influence of physical activity in the anti-tumor immune response in experimental breast tumor.

This study aimed to investigate the influence of physical activity in innate immunity to conduce to an effective antitumoral immune response analyzing the phenotype and activation status of infiltrating cells. We analysed the intracellular cytokines and the transcription factors of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILS) and spleen leukocytes. The Nos2 gene expression was evaluated in spleen cells and futhermore the ROS production was measured and spleen cells; another cell evaluated was dendritic cells (TIDCs), their cytokines expression and membrane molecules; finally to understood the results obtained, we analysed the dendritic cells obtained from bone marrow.

On the connection between the tympanic membrane and the malleus.

Background: The tympano-mallear connection (TMC) is the soft-tissue connection between the tympanic membrane (TM) and the manubrium of the malleus. Some studies suggest that its mechanical properties may have a substantial influence on the mechanics and transfer function of the middle ear. However, relatively little is known about the dimensions of the TMC and its variability among individuals.

Angiogenesis Markers in Gynecological Tumors and Patents for Anti-Angiogenic Approach: Review.

The formation of a tumor-associated vascular network is an important step in understanding the stages of tumor progression. This review aims to highlight the main markers of induction, proliferation and inhibition of angiogenesis, as well as the quantification of microvessel density, correlated with preclinical and clinical research in gynecologic cancers and also discussed related patents. Studies show that in the most advanced cases of gynecological cancers, biomarkers such as VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor), MMP (Matrix Metalloproteinase), CD105 (Endoglin), TIMP (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases) and VASH (Vasohibin) are more expressed compared to healthy individuals.

Human Papillomavirus Positivity in Women Undergoing Intrauterine Insemination Has a Negative Effect on Pregnancy Rates.

Background: Sexually transmitted infections are a major cause of infertility. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common viral infections of the female genital tract. Only a limited number of studies have investigated the influence of HPV on fertility and its impact remains controversial.

Laser micro-dissection and qPCR for identifying specific HPV types responsible for malignancy in penile lesions.

The aim of the study was to identify specific human papillomavirus (HPV) type responsible for malignancy in penile tissue samples using laser micro-dissection and TaqMan quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The study was based on two pre-malignant and seven malignant penile tissue samples and laser micro-dissection was performed on all. Genotyping was performed on whole tissue sections and laser micro-dissection samples using qPCR.

A murine model of lung ischemia and reperfusion injury: tricks of the trade.

Background: Pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) causes postoperative morbidity in patients undergoing lung transplantation, isolated lung perfusion, and cardiopulmonary bypass and may lead to potentially lethal pathologies such as respiratory shock. In-depth study of this pathology requires a reliable animal model. Mice are a popular species to develop experimental models because of their logistic advantages and the availability of knock outs.

Association of Trichomonas vaginalis and cytological abnormalities of the cervix in low risk women.

Objective: Is Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) an inducing factor for the development of (pre-)cancerous lesions of the cervix?

Design: Cross sectional study.

Setting: Screening healthy Belgian women with low infection risk.

Sample: 63,251 consecutive liquid based cervical samples.

Diversity of HPV types in cancerous and pre-cancerous penile lesions of South African men: implications for future HPV vaccination strategies.

This study reports the detection of HPV types from cancerous and pre-cancerous penile lesions that were diagnosed histologically. Sixty-six (22 pre-cancerous and 44 cancerous lesions) tissue biopsies, received between 2004 and 2011 by the Anatomical Pathology Department at Dr. George Mukhari Hospital were selected for this study.

Probiotics enhance the clearance of human papillomavirus-related cervical lesions: a prospective controlled pilot study.

Probiotics have been proposed for a number of urogenital infectious conditions. In this study, we examine a possible effect on human papillomavirus (HPV)-related precancerous lesions in cervical cytology. We conducted a prospective controlled pilot study, in which 54 women with an HPV+low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion diagnosis in their PAP smear were followed for 6 months.

Cervical cytology biobanks as a resource for molecular epidemiology.

A cervical cytology biobank (CCB) is an extension of current cytopathology laboratory practice consisting in the systematic storage of Pap smears or liquid-based cytology samples from women participating in cervical cancer screening with the explicit purpose of facilitating future scientific research and quality audit of preventive services. A CCB should use an internationally agreed uniform cytology terminology, be integrated in a national or regional screening registry, and linked to other registries (histology, cancer, and vaccination). Legal and ethical principles concerning personal integrity and data safety must be respected strictly.

Association of HIV infection with distribution and viral load of HPV types in Kenya: a survey with 820 female sex workers.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) and HIV are each responsible for a considerable burden of disease. Interactions between these infections pose substantial public health challenges, especially where HIV prevalence is high and HPV vaccine coverage low.

Methods: Between July 2005 and January 2006, a cross-sectional community-based survey in Mombasa, Kenya, enrolled female sex workers using snowball sampling.

Mechanisms of cell entry by human papillomaviruses: an overview.

As the primary etiological agents of cervical cancer, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) must deliver their genetic material into the nucleus of the target cell. The viral capsid has evolved to fulfil various roles that are critical to establish viral infection. The particle interacts with the cell surface via interaction of the major capsid protein, L1, with heparan sulfate proteoglycans.

Urine versus brushed samples in human papillomavirus screening: study in both genders.

Aim: To investigate whether urine is a good medium for screening and whether there is a correlation between the amount of extracted DNA and human papillomavirus (HPV)-positivity.

Methods: In the present study, 30 first-voided urine (FVU) specimens and 20 urethroglandular swabs using cervex-brushes from male partners of HPV-positive patients, and 31 FVU specimens and 100 liquid-based cervix cytology leftovers sampled with cervix-brushes from HPV-positive women were examined for the presence of beta-globin. Oncogenic HPV were detected using type-specific PCR.

Fine needle trucut biopsy in focal liver lesions: a reliable and safe method in identifying the malignant nature of liver lesions.

Background And Study Aims: The correct management of a focal liver lesion, suspected of being malignant, requires tissue for histopathological examination. To this purpose an ultrasonically guided fine needle trucut biopsy technique (FNTCB) can be used, to allow obtaining large tissue samples. The aim of the study is to see that FNTCB is a reliable method in identifying the malignant or benign character of a focal liver lesion.

A patient with cardiac fibroma and a subvalvular aortic stenosis caused by a subvalvular membrane.

In this report, we describe a patient with two uncommon cardiac abnormalities: a subvalvular membrane in the left ventricular outflow tract and a cardiac fibroma (CF) in the left atrium. This 56-year-old patient presented with a known subaortic stenosis caused by a subvalvular membrane, a large mass attached to the interatrial septum in the immediate proximity of mitral valve, and a cardiac history of infective endocarditis. Initially, the mass was thought to be an old vegetation.

An intracerebral intraparenchymatous triton tumor in a man with neurofibromatosis.

We report the second case of a cerebral intraparenchymatous malignant nerve sheath tumor, triton tumor variant. It is the first case associated with neurofibromatosis reported in literature thus far. The therapy of these aggressive tumors is rather disappointing as recurrence of the tumor despite complete surgical resection and even adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy is seen in most patients.