Objective: We evaluated whether superficial lymphatic anatomy and functional lymph node drainage are symmetric between the right and left upper extremities of healthy female volunteers, and if handedness is associated with symmetry of superficial lymphatic anatomy.
Background: Symmetry of lymphatic anatomy has been assumed historically. This assumption of individual anatomic symmetry is being utilized clinically and in research without validation.
Background: Athletes display a high prevalence of undesired sleep characteristics that may affect both performance and wellbeing.
Objectives: This scoping review aimed to identify and map the existing evidence of behavioral sleep interventions and their effects on sleep outcomes in athletes, and retrospectively code the behavior change techniques (BCTs) implemented using the Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy (BCTTv1).
Methods: Conducted following the JBI methodology for scoping reviews, four online databases were used to identify prospective interventions with at least one behavioral component in competitive athletes, and reporting a sleep outcome pre- and post-intervention.
Background: Advancements in artificial intelligence technology, such as OpenAI's large language model, ChatGPT, could transform medicine through applications in a clinical setting. This study aimed to assess the utility of ChatGPT as a clinical assistant in an orthopedic hand clinic.
Methods: Nine clinical vignettes, describing various common and uncommon hand pathologies, were constructed and reviewed by 4 fellowship-trained orthopedic hand surgeons and an orthopedic resident.
Introduction: Emerging literature links fatherhood to men's health but lacks comprehensive assessment of health outcomes, especially among multiethnic populations. This study's objective was to evaluate the associations of fatherhood (age at onset and status) with cardiovascular health scores, incident cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular disease death, and all-cause mortality, examining differences by race/ethnicity.
Methods: The study sample included men from Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, prospective cohort study that enrolled adults aged 45-84 years without known cardiovascular disease at baseline.
Fluorescent protein (FP) tags are extensively used to visualize and characterize the properties of biomolecular condensates despite a lack of investigation into the effects of these tags on phase separation. Here, we characterized the dynamic properties of µNS, a viral protein hypothesized to undergo phase separation and the main component of mammalian orthoreovirus viral factories. Our interest in the sequence determinants and nucleation process of µNS phase separation led us to compare the size and density of condensates formed by FP::µNS to the untagged protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
May 2024
The lifetime risk of silicosis associated with low-level occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica remains unclear because most previous radiographic studies included workers with varying exposure concentrations and durations. This study assessed the prevalence of silicosis after lengthy exposure to respirable crystalline silica at levels ≤ 0.10 mg/m.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces
May 2024
Optical matter (OM) arrays are self-organizing, ordered arrangements of nanometer- to micrometer-size particles, where interparticle forces are mediated by incident and scattered coherent light. The structures that form and their dynamics depend on the properties (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Limited data are available on radiation segmentectomy (RS) for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using yttrium 90 (Y) resin microsphere doses determined by using a single-compartment medical internal radiation dosimetry (MIRD) model. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of RS treatment of HCC with Y resin microspheres using a single-compartment MIRD model and correlate posttreatment dose with outcomes. Materials and Methods This retrospective single-center study included adult patients with HCC who underwent RS with Y resin microspheres between July 2014 and December 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTree diversity can promote both predator abundance and diversity. However, whether this translates into increased predation and top-down control of herbivores across predator taxonomic groups and contrasting environmental conditions remains unresolved. We used a global network of tree diversity experiments (TreeDivNet) spread across three continents and three biomes to test the effects of tree species richness on predation across varying climatic conditions of temperature and precipitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurons in the substantia nigra reticulata (SNr) transmit information about basal ganglia output to dozens of brain regions in thalamocortical and brainstem motor networks. Activity of SNr neurons is regulated by convergent input from upstream basal ganglia nuclei, including GABAergic inputs from the striatum and the external globus pallidus (GPe). GABAergic inputs from the striatum convey information from the direct pathway, while GABAergic inputs from the GPe convey information from the indirect pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci Methods
January 2024
Background: This work presents a toolbox that implements methodology for automated classification of diverse neural responses to optogenetic stimulation or other changes in conditions, based on spike train recordings.
New Method: The toolbox implements what we call the Spike Train Response Classification algorithm (STReaC), which compares measurements of activity during a baseline period with analogous measurements during a subsequent period to identify various responses that might result from an event such as introduction of a sustained stimulus. The analyzed response types span a variety of patterns involving distinct time courses of increased firing, or excitation, decreased firing, or inhibition, or combinations of these.
This study presents the sleep characteristics of British student-athletes and examines the relationships between sport scheduling and time demands on sleep outcomes. Student-athletes (n = 157, 51% male) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI). Self-reported sleep characteristics on weekdays and weekends, weekly frequencies of early morning and late evening sport sessions, and academic-related and sport-related time demands were also collected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant diversity effects on community productivity often increase over time. Whether the strengthening of diversity effects is caused by temporal shifts in species-level overyielding (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Electronic health records (EHR) have become commonplace in medicine. A disconnect between developers and users while creating the interface often fails to create a product that captures clinical workflow, and issues become apparent with implementation. Optimization allows collaboration of clinicians and informaticists after implementation, but documentation of success has only been at the institutional level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow temperatures largely determine the geographic limits of plant species by reducing survival and growth. Inter-specific differences in the geographic distribution of mangrove species have been associated with cold tolerance, with exclusively tropical species being highly cold-sensitive and subtropical species being relatively cold-tolerant. To identify species-specific adaptations to low temperatures, we compared the chilling stress response of two widespread Indo-West Pacific mangrove species from Rhizophoraceae with differing latitudinal range limits-Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLabile carbon (C) continuously delivered from the rhizosphere profoundly affects terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycling. However, nitrous oxide (NO) and dinitrogen (N) production in agricultural soils in the presence of continuous root C exudation with applied N remains poorly understood. We conducted an incubation experiment using artificial roots to continuously deliver small-dose labile C combined with N tracers to investigate NO and N emissions in agricultural soils with pH and organic C (SOC) gradients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) treatment for chronic pain relies on the activation of primary sensory fibres ascending to the brain in the dorsal columns. While the efficacy of SCS has been demonstrated, the precise mechanism of action and nature of the fibres activated by stimulation remain largely unexplored. Our investigation in humans with chronic neuropathic pain undergoing SCS therapy, found that post-synaptic dorsal column (PSDC) fibres can be activated synaptically by the primary afferents recruited by stimulation, and axonically by the stimulation pulses directly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The evidence for spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been criticized for the absence of blinded, parallel randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and limited evaluations of the long-term effects of SCS in RCTs. The aim of this study was to determine whether evoked compound action potential (ECAP)-controlled, closed-loop SCS (CL-SCS) is associated with better outcomes when compared with fixed-output, open-loop SCS (OL-SCS) 36 months following implant.
Methods: The EVOKE study was a multicenter, participant-blinded, investigator-blinded, and outcome assessor-blinded, randomized, controlled, parallel-arm clinical trial that compared ECAP-controlled CL-SCS with fixed-output OL-SCS.
In the context of an already large treatment gap in South Africa, this study aimed to examine how Covid-19 and the related lockdown measures affected the availability, accessibility, quality, and continuity of mental health services in the Western Cape province in South Africa. A mixed-methods design was employed, using narrative surveys, quantitative surveys, and qualitative semi-structured interviews, with 17 public mental health providers, and secondary data from the District Health Information System. We analysed and combined the data using descriptive statistics, template analysis and methodological triangulation.
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