Determination of threshold adverse effect doses of percutaneous VX exposure in African green monkeys.

Percutaneous exposure to the chemical warfare nerve agent VX was evaluated in African green monkeys (n=9). Doses of VX (7.5-100 μg/kg) were applied to the skin for 60 min and residual agent was quantified (before decontamination) to estimate the absorbed dose.

Evaluation of miosis, behavior and cholinesterase inhibition from low-level, whole-body vapor exposure to soman in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabeus).

Background: Relatively little is known about the effects of very low-level exposures to nerve agents where few signs or symptoms are present.

Methods: African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabeus) (n = 8) were exposed for 10 min, whole-body, to a single concentration of soman (0.028-0.

Determination of miosis threshold from whole-body vapor exposure to sarin in African green monkeys.

We determined the threshold concentration of sarin vapor exposure producing miosis in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops). Monkeys (n=8) were exposed to a single concentration of sarin (0.069-0.

Evaluation of cognitive and biochemical effects of low-level exposure to sarin in rhesus and African green monkeys.

We investigated the potential of low-level exposures to the chemical warfare nerve agent, sarin, to produce adverse effects. Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and African green monkeys (Chlorocebus acthiops) were trained on a serial probe recognition (SPR) task before IM administration of a low-level concentration (5.87 microg/kg or 2.

Modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells proteoglycan synthesis by the extracellular matrix.

In this study, we investigated the effect of the extracellular matrix (ECM) secreted by vascular cells on proteoglycan (PG) synthesis by vascular smooth muscle cells in culture. PG synthesis of human aortic smooth muscle cells plated on plastic or the matrices derived from vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, or THP-1 macrophages was characterized. Smooth muscle cell and macrophage matrices increased both secreted and cellular smooth muscle cells PG production by 2.

Effects of anticholinergics on serial-probe recognition accuracy of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).

Potential deleterious behavioral effects of the anticholinergics biperiden and scopolamine were examined via the performance of rhesus monkeys on a serial-probe recognition (SPR) procedure. On each trial, six unique stimuli (list items) were presented sequentially followed by a choice phase. In the choice phase, two stimuli were presented, a standard or 'default' stimulus (a white rectangle) and a 'probe' stimulus that differed with each choice trial.