Perceived stress among graduate students in health sciences at a military university: a mixed-method approach.

Background: There is a gap in the literature about the experiences of active-duty military students pursuing a graduate degree in health sciences at a university that emphasizes a military context. This exploratory study investigates how graduate students navigate stress in the context of a military university.

Method: The study applied a mixed-methods approach including a survey (N = 59) and in-depth interviews (N = 16) of students enrolled in a graduate program at the School of Medicine (368 students) and School of Nursing (187 students).

A Scalable Advising Model for Part-Time, Distant Learners in Graduate Health Professions Education Programs.

Problem: There is a need within graduate health professions education (HPE) programs to align advising practices to support an increasing number of working adult learners, especially those studying part-time and from remote locations. Despite the recognized importance of the advisor-advisee relationship in graduate learner success, many advisors lack formal training and have to manage multiple completing priorities. Furthermore, a lack of established evidence-based practices for graduate HPE advising has left each program navigating advising independently.

Adaptive Leadership and Burnout in Military Healthcare Workers During a Global Health Pandemic.

Introduction: Occupational burnout among healthcare workers has continued to climb, impacting workforce well-being, patient safety, and retention of qualified personnel. Burnout in military healthcare workers, who have had the added stress of increased deployments, remains unknown. Although certain leadership styles have been associated with lower rates of burnout, the association between adaptive leadership and burnout in military healthcare has not previously been described.

Female-Specific Health Care of Military Female-Designated Service Members and Veterans: A Systematic Overview of Reviews.

Introduction: Since the War in Afghanistan began in 2001, service members have faced significant health effects related to service during war, with female-designated service members facing unique challenges. Numerous high-quality review articles have been published on the health and care of female-designated service members and veterans. Given the increasing volume of literature, we completed an overview of reviews on the health and health care of female-designated military populations.

Evaluating a Competency-Based Blended Health Professions Education Program: A Programmatic Approach.

Introduction: Competency-based education (CBE) programs usually evaluate student learning outcomes at a course level. However, a more comprehensive evaluation of student achievement of competencies requires evaluation at a programmatic level across all courses. There is currently insufficient literature on accomplishing this type of evaluation.

"Primum Non Nocere"-First, Do No Harm: A Retrospective Review of the Impact of Curricular Reform on USUHS Graduates' Performance During Their PGY-1 Year.

Purpose: To determine whether medical school curricular change impacted the assessment of graduates in their first year of postgraduate training.

Methods: The authors examined for differences in the survey of postgraduate year one (PGY-1) program directors for Uniformed Services University (USU) medical school graduates from the Classes of 2011 and 2012 (pre-curriculum reform, pre-CR), Classes of 2015, 2016, and 2017 (curriculum transition), and Classes of 2017, 2018, and 2019 (post-curriculum reform, post-CR). Multivariate analysis of variance was used to explore for differences among the cohorts in the 5 previously identified factors on the PGY-1 survey (Medical Expertise; Professionalism; Military Unique Practice, Deployments and Humanitarian Missions; System-Based Practice and Practiced-Based Learning; Communication and Interpersonal Skills).

Successful Surgical Airway Performance in the Combat Prehospital Setting: A Qualitative Study of Experienced Military Prehospital Providers.

Introduction: Military first responders are in a unique category of the healthcare delivery system. They range in skill sets from combat medic and corpsman to nurses, physician assistants, and occasionally, doctors. Airway obstruction is the second leading cause of preventable battlefield death, and the decision for intervention to obtain an airway depends on the casualty's presentation, the provider's comfort level, and the available equipment, among many other variables.

A Critical Review of Professional Identity Formation Interventions in Medical Education.

Purpose: Professional identity formation (PIF) can be defined as the integration of the knowledge, skills, values, and behaviors of a profession with one's preexisting identity and values. Several different, and sometimes conflicting, conceptualizations and theories about PIF populate the literature; applying these different theories in PIF curricula and pedagogic strategies can profoundly impact the PIF of future physicians. The authors conducted a critical review of the recent literature on PIF interventions in medical education to explore the conceptualizations of and theoretical approaches to PIF that underlie them.

Leading the Military Health System Transformation: From Military Treatment Facility to Market Construct.

The transition of authority to manage and administer all DoD Medical Treatment Facilities from the Military Department Services to the Defense Health Agency is an extremely complex challenge involving multiple stakeholders and systems in an effort to achieve greater force readiness while reducing cost. Womack Army Medical Center at Fort Bragg served as the U.S.

Efficacy of a new fluoroquinolone, JNJ-Q2, in murine models of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae skin, respiratory, and systemic infections.

The in vivo efficacy of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone (FQ), was evaluated in a murine septicemia model with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and in a Streptococcus pneumoniae lower respiratory tract infection model. JNJ-Q2 and comparators were also evaluated in an acute murine skin infection model using a community-acquired MRSA strain and in an established skin infection (ESI) model using a hospital-acquired strain, for which the selection of resistant mutants was also determined.

Characterization and developmental expression of genes encoding the early carotenoid biosynthetic enzymes in Citrus paradisi Macf.

In the present study, the full-length cDNA sequences of PSY, PDS, and ZDS, encoding the early carotenoid biosynthetic enzymes in the carotenoid pathway of grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), were isolated and characterized for the first time. CpPSY contained a 1311-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polypeptide of 436 amino acids, CpPDS contained a 1659-bp ORF encoding a polypeptide of 552 amino acids, and CpZDS contained a 1713-bp ORF encoding a polypeptide of 570 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that CpPSY shares homology with PSYs from Citrus, tomato, pepper, Arabidopsis, and the monocot PSY1 group, while CpPDS and CpZDS are most closely related to orthologs from Citrus and tomato.

Comparative effects of carbapenems on bacterial load and host immune response in a Klebsiella pneumoniae murine pneumonia model.

Doripenem is a carbapenem with potent broad-spectrum activity against Gram-negative pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. As the incidence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Gram-negative bacilli is increasing, it was of interest to examine the in vivo comparative efficacy of doripenem, imipenem, and meropenem against a Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate expressing the TEM-26 ESBL enzyme. In a murine lethal lower respiratory infection model, doripenem reduced the Klebsiella lung burden by 2 log(10) CFU/g lung tissue over the first 48 h of the infection.

Recovery of Candida dubliniensis and other Candida species from the oral cavity of subjects with periodontitis who had well-controlled and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: a pilot study.

The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of Candida dubliniensis and other Candida species from saliva samples and from subgingival plaque samples at periodontally healthy and periodontally diseased sites in subjects who had type 2 diabetes and periodontitis. Saliva and subgingival samples were obtained from 30 subjects with periodontitis: 15 with poorly controlled and 15 with well-controlled type 2 diabetes. Samples were analyzed for the presence of C.

In vivo activity of the pyrrolopyrazolyl-substituted oxazolidinone RWJ-416457.

RWJ-416457 is an investigational pyrrolopyrazolyl-substituted oxazolidinone with activity against antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant gram-positive pathogens. Efficacies of RWJ-416457, linezolid, and vancomycin against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) in murine skin and systemic infections were compared, as were efficacies against Streptococcus pneumoniae in a lower respiratory infection.

A methodology for identifying human error in U.S. Navy diving accidents.

Objective: To better understand how human error contributes to U.S. Navy diving accidents.

The synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of a new series of isoxazolinyl oxazolidinones.

A series of oxazolidinone antibacterial agents containing a 5-substituted isoxazol-3-yl moiety were synthesized via a nitrile oxide [3+2] dipolar cycloaddition reaction. These compounds were screened against a panel of susceptible and resistant Gram-positive organisms. Several analogs from this series were comparable to or more potent than linezolid in vitro.

In-vitro metabolism of the new anxiolytic agent, RWJ-50172, in rat hepatic S9 fraction and microbial transformation in fungi, Cunninghamella sp.

The in-vitro biotransformation of the anxiolytic agent, RWJ-50172 was studied after incubation with rat hepatic S9 fraction in the presence of an NADPH-generating system, and incubating with Cunninghamella echinulata in soy-bean medium. Unchanged RWJ-50172 (80% of the sample in rat; 86% in fungi) plus 6 metabolites (M1-M6) were profiled, quantified and tentatively identified on the basis of API-MS/MS data. The metabolic pathways for RWJ-50172 are proposed, and the four metabolic pathways are: pyrido-oxidation (pathway A), phenylhydroxylation (B), dehydration (C) and reduction (D).

Novel piperidinyloxy oxazolidinone antibacterial agents. Diversification of the N-Substituent.

Oxazolidinone antibacterial agents, where the morpholino group of linezolid was replaced with an N-substituted piperidinyloxy moiety, were synthesized and shown to be active against a variety of resistant and susceptible Gram-positive organisms. The functionality attached to the piperidine nitrogen was varied extensively to determine the SAR for this series. One of the most potent compounds, 11, showed in vivo efficacy upon subcutaneous administration in a Staphylococcus aureus Smith murine systemic infection.