Treatment Outcomes and Definition Inconsistencies in High-Risk Unilateral Retinoblastoma.

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of children with unilateral retinoblastoma (Rb) and high-risk histopathology features (HRHF) following upfront enucleation with/without adjuvant chemotherapy, and investigate cases locally considered non-HRHF but converted to a standardized HRHF definition.

Design: Retrospective multinational clinical cohort study.

Methods: Children with Rb who presented to 21 centers from 12 countries between 2011-2020, and underwent primary enucleation were recruited.

The Fight Tumour Blindness Registry: Efficient capture of high-quality real-world data in uveal melanoma.

Objective: To describe the development of a web-based data collection tool to track the management and outcomes of uveal melanoma patients.

Design: Description of a clinical registry.

Participants: Patients with uveal melanoma.

Apical dose versus volume dose of Ruthenium-106 brachytherapy for uveal melanoma.

Objective: Ruthenium-106 brachytherapy is commonly used to treat uveal melanomas. Most centres prescribe a radiation dose to the tumour apex that is calculated with the tumour located in the centre of the plaque. Recent work suggests that D-the minimum radiation dose delivered to 99% of tumour volume-may be a better predictor of tumour control than apex dose.

Implementation Evaluation of an Early Notification Care Bundle for Patients with Hip Fracture (eHIP).

Introduction: Hip fracture in older adults results in significant mortality and is one of the costliest fall-related injuries. The Australian Commission for Quality and Safety in Health Care hip fracture clinical care standards consolidate the best available evidence for managing this patient group; however, uptake is variable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of a multidisciplinary early activation mechanism and bundle of care (eHIP) on patient and health service outcomes.

Quantifying the effect of eccentric ruthenium plaque placement on tumor volume dose.

Purpose: Ruthenium-106 brachytherapy is a common treatment for small to medium-sized uveal melanomas. In certain clinical contexts, plaques may be placed eccentrically to tumor center. The effect of plaque decentration, a common radiation dose measurement in radiotherapy: D, the percentage of the tumor volume receiving at least 98% of the prescribed dose (a commonly used term in radiation oncology), is unknown.

Globe Salvage and Vision Preservation by Neoadjuvant Darovasertib and Crizotinib in Uveal Melanoma.

Purpose: To report the effective use of neoadjuvant darovasertib and crizotinib in a patient with a large uveal melanoma (UM) in his only functional eye.

Design: Case report.

Subjects: One patient with T4b UM.

Predictability of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in preoperative elderly hip fracture patients for post-operative short-term complications: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is a simple biomarker of systemic inflammatory response. We investigated predictability of NLR for early adverse outcome after surgery for hip fracture in elderly population.

Methods: We reviewed a total of 971 elderly patients with hip fracture who underwent emergency surgery between January 2017 and July 2020 in the Department of Orthopaedics Surgery at the Wollongong Hospital.

Insurance Issues as Secondary Stressors Following Flooding in Rural Australia-A Mixed Methods Study.

Flood events can be dramatic and traumatic. People exposed to floods are liable to suffer from a variety of adverse mental health outcomes. The adverse effects of stressors during the recovery process (secondary stressors) can sometimes be just as severe as the initial trauma.

Case Series: Presumed Choroidal Melanoma Diagnosis Expedited by Documented Growth on Serial Optical Coherence Tomography.

Significance: These cases highlight the importance of monitoring choroidal nevi with benign imaging characteristics and the potential to quantify horizontal growth using optical coherence tomography (OCT), in the absence of color fundus photography.

Purpose: This study aimed to present reports of two patients with pigmented choroidal tumors with low malignant potential based on their multimodal imaging features at the time of referral, but access to prior OCT imaging confirmed horizontal growth consistent with melanoma.

Case Reports: Two patients with pigmented, dome-shaped, subfoveal tumors were referred.

Defining High-risk Retinoblastoma: A Multicenter Global Survey.

Importance: High-risk histopathologic features of retinoblastoma are useful to assess the risk of systemic metastasis. In this era of globe salvage treatments for retinoblastoma, the definition of high-risk retinoblastoma is evolving.

Objective: To evaluate variations in the definition of high-risk histopathologic features for metastasis of retinoblastoma in different ocular oncology practices around the world.

Biopsy for molecular risk stratification in uveal melanoma: Yields and molecular characteristics in 119 patients.

Background: Prognostic cytological and molecular features of uveal melanoma have been well researched and are essential in management. Samples can be obtained in vivo through fine needle aspirate biopsy, vitrector cutter, forceps or post-enucleation for off-site testing. This study aims to examine cytological and chromosome microarray yields of these samples.

Development of an Early Activation Hip Fracture Care Bundle and Implementation Strategy to Improve Adherence to the National Hip Fracture Clinical Care Standard.

Objective: To develop and implement a multidisciplinary early activation mechanism and bundle of care (eHIP) to improve adherence to ACSQHC standards in a regional trauma centre.

Methods: Barriers to implementation were categorised using the Theoretical Domains Framework, then linked to specific strategies guided by the Behaviour Change Wheel and Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy (BCTT). The resulting implementation strategies were assessed using Affordable, Practical, Effective, Acceptable, had Side-effects (APEASE) criteria.

Cross sectional analysis of depression amongst Australian rural business owners following cyclone-related flooding.

Background: Flooding is an increasingly prevalent natural hazard worldwide and can have a profound impact on the mental health of those directly and indirectly affected. Little is known about the impact on business owners, who may be particularly vulnerable to the mental health complications of flooding given the additional economic stressors.

Methods: A large cross-sectional survey was conducted six months after severe flooding in the rural Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia in 2017.

Student paramedic perceptions of a non-ambulance practice learning experience.

Background: The role of the paramedic has changed significantly over the last 10 years. In order for paramedic students to gain the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively manage the increasing complexity of patient presentations a wide range of placement opportunities are required to support learning.

Objective: To explore first year student paramedic experiences of non-ambulance placements.

Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level.

Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale.

Epidemiology and Control of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Cattle in Northern Climates.

Parasite species infecting cattle throughout northern North American are generally the same as those found throughout North America. Throughout Canada, cattle are primarily infected with Ostertagia ostertagi and Cooperia oncophora, whose larvae survive cold winters within soil of pastures. Overwintering larvae of these species maintain a temporary population of refugia available in spring to grazing cattle.

What birthweight percentile is associated with optimal perinatal mortality and childhood education outcomes?

Background: Small for gestational age, defined as birthweight <10th percentile for gestational age, is known to be associated with clinically meaningful impairments in health and development. The effects of variation within the normal range of birthweight percentile on perinatal mortality and childhood education remain less well defined.

Objective: We sought to quantify the association among birthweight percentile, perinatal mortality, and educational outcomes and to determine the optimal birthweight percentile for those outcomes in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australian children.

Not Your Typical Alcohol Accord: The Long-Term Impact of a Voluntary Liquor Agreement in a Small Australian Town.

Background: The town of Norseman introduced a Voluntary Liquor Agreement (voluntary restrictions on alcohol sales) in 2008, to reduce problematic drinking. This study examined its long-term impact.

Methods: Quantitative data on alcohol (cask wine, fortified wine, spirits) wholesale sales, hospital emergency visits and alcohol related offenses were compared from before to after the introduction of the restrictions.

The experiences of women with polycystic ovary syndrome on a very low-calorie diet.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is variously reported to affect between 5% and 26% of reproductive age women in the UK and accounts for up to 75% of women attending fertility clinics due to anovulation. The first-line treatment option for overweight/obese women with PCOS is diet and lifestyle interventions. However, optimal dietary guidelines are missing, with very little research having been done in this area.

Impact of perinatal health and socio-demographic factors on school education outcomes: A population study of Indigenous and non-Indigenous children in the Northern Territory.

Aim: This study investigated the association between early-life risk factors and school education outcomes.

Methods: This is an historical cohort study of 7601 children (61% were Indigenous) born in the Northern Territory between 1999 and 2004. Information was linked, for each child on: perinatal health, student enrolment and National Assessment Program - Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) Year 3 results.