Stepping up recovery: integrating patient reported outcome measures and wearable technology for 90-day rehabilitation following total hip arthroplasty.

Introduction: There is conflicting data in the literature regarding the clinical utility of wearable devices. This study examined the association between patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and step and stair flight counts obtained from wearable devices in postoperative total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients.

Methods: Data was collected from a multicenter prospective longitudinal cohort study from October 2018 to February 2022.

Baseline Anal Sphincter Elastance May Predict Long-Term Outcomes of Sacral Neuromodulation for Fecal Incontinence.

Introduction: Anal acoustic reflectometry (AAR), a novel test of anal sphincter function, was shown to predict a successful trial phase of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) for fecal incontinence. This follow-up study aims to explore if AAR can also predict short- and long-term SNM outcomes at less than and more than 5 y, respectively.

Methods: Outcome data were reviewed from a prospectively managed database.

Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Core Decompression Systems.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a chronic progressive debilitating disease that often affects young and active patients. It results from vascular interruption to the femoral head and can be caused by trauma, chronic corticosteroid use, chronic alcoholism, and coagulopathies. Treatment includes core decompression, a surgical procedure that may help delay or forestall disease progression if performed at the early stages of the disease.

An evaluation of autonomic and gastrointestinal symptoms, and gastric emptying, in patients with systemic sclerosis.

Objective: Assessment of gastrointestinal and autonomic symptoms in patients with systemic sclerosis, and possible associations with gastric emptying rate.

Methods: Participant and patient disease-related characteristics were collected. Gastrointestinal and autonomic symptoms were assessed by the UCLA-SCTC GIT 2.

Comment on Fust et al. The Potential Economic Impact of the Updated COVID-19 mRNA Fall 2023 Vaccines in Japan. 2024, , 434.

We noted three key inconsistencies in the Moderna-funded cost-effectiveness analysis by Fust et al [...

The role of nutrient sensing dysregulation in anorexia of ageing: The little we know and the much we don't.

The age-related decline in appetite and food intake - termed "anorexia of ageing" - is implicated in undernutrition in later life and hence provides a public health challenge for our ageing population. Eating behaviour is controlled, in part, by homeostatic mechanisms which sense nutrient status and provide feedback to appetite control regions of the brain. Such feedback signals, propagated by episodic gut hormones, are dysregulated in some older adults.

The Effect of Colesevelam on the Microbiome in Postoperative Crohn's Disease.

Background: While surgery plays a pivotal role in the management of ileal Crohn's disease, the risk of endoscopic recurrence following an ileocaecal resection can be greater than 65% within 12 months of surgery. More than 90% of patients with Crohn's disease have a concomitant diagnosis of bile acid diarrhea following an ileal resection. This pilot study aimed to assess whether the use of bile acid sequestrants in patients with Crohn's disease who have undergone a primary terminal ileal resection with concomitant bile acid diarrhea can alter the microbiome and prevent disease recurrence.

Risk of COVID-19 in Children throughout the Pandemic and the Role of Vaccination: A Narrative Review.

At the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, persons ≥65 years of age and healthcare personnel represented the most vulnerable groups with respect to risk of infection, severe illness, and death. However, as the pandemic progressed, there was an increasingly detrimental effect on young children and adolescents. Severe disease and hospitalization increased over time in pediatric populations, and containment measures created substantial psychosocial, educational, and economic challenges for young people.

Healthy Eating and Active Lifestyle after Bowel Cancer (HEAL ABC)-feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Background: Evidence from cohort studies indicates that a healthy lifestyle can improve cancer survival but evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCT) is lacking. Thus, this study tested the feasibility of conducting a lifestyle intervention in patients after colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment.

Methods: An intervention was developed based on World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) recommendations, the Health Action Process Approach, Motivational Interviewing and tested a feasibility, mixed-methods RCT.

Proportion of Patients in the United States Who Fill Their Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Prescriptions.

Introduction: Although real-world studies demonstrate that those prescribed nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (and particularly within 5 days of symptom onset) are less likely to experience severe COVID-19 outcomes, prior studies show that only a small fraction of patients with COVID-19 who are eligible for nirmatrelvir/ritonavir receive a prescription. Studies calculating the proportion of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir prescriptions filled and identifying individual- and pharmacy-level correlates of filling nirmatrelvir/ritonavir are lacking.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included individuals aged ≥ 12 years with a nirmatrelvir/ritonavir prescription ordered at a large national retail pharmacy (December 22, 2021-August 12, 2023).

Real-world effectiveness of original BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 against symptomatic Omicron infection among children 5-11 years of age in Brazil: A prospective test-negative design study.

Objective: To estimate original wild-type BNT162b2 effectiveness against symptomatic Omicron infection among children 5-11 years of age.

Methods: This prospective test-negative, case-control study was conducted in Toledo, southern Brazil, from June 2022 to July 2023. Patients were included if they were aged 5-11 years, sought care for acute respiratory symptoms in the public health system, and were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Effectiveness of BNT162b2 XBB Vaccine Against XBB and JN.1 Sublineages.

We provide updated results (11 October 2023 through 29 February 2024) from our previously conducted test-negative case-control study in Kaiser Permanente Southern California to evaluate sublineage-specific effectiveness of the BNT162b2 XBB1.5-adapted vaccine. Results suggest that XBB1.

Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine for Preventing COVID-19-Related Hospitalizations: A Test-Negative Case-Control Study.

It is important to understand real-world BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE), especially among racial and ethnic minority groups. We performed a test-negative case-control study to measure BNT162b2 COVID-19 VE in the prevention of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory illness (ARI) hospitalizations at two Atlanta hospitals from May 2021-January 2023 and adjusted for potential confounders by multivariate analysis. Among 5139 eligible adults with ARI, 2763 (53.

Estimated Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 XBB Vaccine Against COVID-19.

Importance: Data describing the early additional protection afforded by the recently recommended BNT162b2 XBB vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech; 2023-2024 formulation) are limited.

Objective: To estimate the association between receipt of the BNT162b2 XBB vaccine and medically attended COVID-19 outcomes among US adults 18 years and older.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This test-negative case-control study was performed to estimate the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 XBB vaccine against COVID-19-associated hospitalization and emergency department (ED) or urgent care (UC) encounters among adults in the Kaiser Permanente Southern California health system between October 10, 2023, and December 10, 2023.

Perceived Risk for Severe COVID-19 and Oral Antiviral Use Among Antiviral-Eligible US Adults.

Introduction: Oral antiviral medications are important tools for preventing severe COVID-19 outcomes. However, their uptake remains low for reasons that are not entirely understood. Our study aimed to assess the association between perceived risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes and oral antiviral use among those who were eligible for treatment based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines.

Conversion Birmingham Hip Resurfacing in Managing Post-traumatic Arthritis With Retained Femoral Hardware: A Case Report.

Case: A 70-year-old man with a year-long history of arthritic pain in his left hip presented to our clinic. He had a left intertrochanteric hip fracture 6 years ago, fixed with an open reduction internal fixation with a cephalomedullary nail. He underwent a conversion Birmingham Hip Resurfacing (BHR) with removal of the proximal helicoidal blade and retention of the intramedullary nail.

A fluorescence anisotropy-based competition assay to identify inhibitors against ricin and Shiga toxin ribosome interactions.

Ricin is one of the most toxic substances known and a type B biothreat agent. Shiga toxins (Stxs) produced by E. coli (STEC) and Shigella dysenteriae are foodborne pathogens.

Development and validation of a novel Barrett's oesophagus patient reported outcome measure (B-PROM).

Background: Patients with Barrett's oesophagus (BO) carry significant cancer worry, burden of symptoms, and lack disease-specific knowledge. Currently there is no validated BO patient reported outcome measure (PROM) to measure these factors for use in clinical practice and research, hence the aim of this study was to devise a novel, validated BO-specific tool, B-PROM.

Methods: Literature review, quantitative and qualitative research informed the initial item generation.