Bridging the gap: Evaluating ChatGPT-generated, personalized, patient-centered prostate biopsy reports.

Objective: The highly specialized language used in prostate biopsy pathology reports coupled with low rates of health literacy leave some patients unable to comprehend their medical information. Patients' use of online search engines can lead to misinterpretation of results and emotional distress. Artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT (OpenAI) could simplify complex texts and help patients.

Assessing the Use of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in the Routine Clinical Care of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients: A Canadian Perspective.

Importance: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease of the paranasal sinuses with significant quality of life impairments. There is a need to implement outcome-based metrics to evaluate the outcomes of CRS treatment with endoscopic sinus surgery or biologics.

Objective: We aimed to understand Canadian otolaryngologists' opinions on patient-related outcome measures (PROM) for CRS and identify potential barriers to implementation.

Rheumatic adverse events associated with biologic therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Biologic therapies approved for treating chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) have well-established safety profiles but reports of rheumatic adverse events (AEs) are increasing and not well defined. This review aims to assess the risk and incidence of rheumatic AEs associated with biologic therapy in CRSwNP and summarize current reported management strategies.

Methods: A protocol was registered in PROSPERO [CRD42024525663].

Traumatic CSF rhinorrhea associated with COVID-19 testing: a case series and systematic review.

Background: This report analyzes traumatic anterior skull base CSF leaks following nasopharyngeal swab testing for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the largest case series to date, combined with a systematic literature review.

Methods: Retrospective multi-institutional case-series of traumatic anterior skull base CSF leak with clear antecedent history of COVID-19 swab was completed. A comprehensive search of databases was performed for the systematic literature review.

Quality-of-Life Outcomes Following Endoscopic Resection of Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma.

Objectives: There is growing interest in assessing patient quality of life (QOL) following treatment of sinonasal tumors, including inverted papilloma (IP). We aimed to elucidate the natural history of postoperative QOL outcomes in IP patients treated with surgery.

Methods: Cases of sinonasal IP treated surgically at 4 tertiary academic rhinology centers were retrospectively reviewed.

Assessment of a large language model's utility in helping pathology professionals answer general knowledge pathology questions.

Objectives: To assess the utility and performance of the large language model ChatGPT 4.0 regarding accuracy, completeness, and its potential as a time-saving tool for pathologists and laboratory directors.

Methods: A deidentified database of questions previously sent to pathology residents from health care providers was used as a source of general knowledge-type pathology questions.

Levels of nasal nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase expression in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.

CRSwNP patients had decreased nNO and increased SNOT-22, endoscopy, and CT scores. CRSwNP patients exhibited decreased nNO despite elevated iNOS and eNOS mRNA expression. The mechanism behind lowered nNO in CRSwNP may not be related to NOS expression.

Endoscopic sinus surgery outcomes in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and immunoglobulin deficiencies.

Background: Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and immunoglobulin deficiencies (ID) have more recalcitrant sinonasal disease and a subset of these patients undergo surgical management for their CRS. However, there is a paucity of literature on the surgical outcomes in this patient population and appropriate treatment algorithms for CRS in patients with ID. The objective of this study was to better elucidate the outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in patients with ID in terms of disease-specific quality-of-life scores and the need for revision surgery.

Readability and quality analysis of patient education materials in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease.

Patients are increasingly turning to online education materials to aid with disease management. Patient education materials on aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease are of poor readability with significant room for improvement.

Cryoablation for the treatment of chronic rhinitis: a systematic review.

Background: ClariFix is a novel intranasal cryotherapy device developed for clinic-based cryosurgical ablation of the posterior nasal nerves region. As a relatively new technology, there is a paucity of studies within the literature assessing the efficacy and safety profile of ClariFix for chronic rhinitis.

Methods: A systematic review was completed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Evaluation of inverted papilloma recurrence rates and factors associated recurrence after endoscopic surgical resection: a retrospective review.

Background: Sinonasal inverted papillomas (IP) are benign tumours arising from the mucosal lining of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses with a high propensity for recurrence and malignant transformation. Advances in endoscopic surgery and improved radiologic navigation have increased the role of endoscopic surgical resection in the treatment of IPs. The current study aims to evaluate the rate of IP recurrence after endoscopic endonasal resection and to evaluate factors which impact recurrence.

Murine model for chronic rhinosinusitis: an interventional study.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complex inflammatory disease of the sinonasal tract. To understand this disease entity and develop targeted treatments, a reproducible animal model is paramount.

Aims/objectives: To optimize a murine model of eosinophilic CRS by establishing benchmark histological markers and validate its fidelity in evaluating intranasal treatments.

Canadian multidisciplinary expert consensus on the use of biologics in upper airways: a Delphi study.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) often coexists with lower airway disease. With the overlap between upper and lower airway disease, optimal management of the upper airways is undertaken in conjunction with that of the lower airways. Biologic therapy with targeted activity within the Type 2 inflammatory pathway can improve the clinical signs and symptoms of both upper and lower airway diseases.

The Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Autopsies Surrounding the Time of Pandemic Onset: A Retrospective Review of Cases.

Context.—: The first case of COVID-19 in the United States was confirmed in January 2020. Initially, little was known about the epidemiology and clinical course of the disease, and diagnostic testing was limited in the United States until March/April 2020.

Clinical outcomes of dupilumab therapy in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in a Canadian tertiary care rhinology practice.

Background: In 2020, dupilumab became the first monoclonal antibody therapy to be approved by Health Canada for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). The primary aim of this study was to characterize the outcomes in an initial cohort of patients with CRSwNP who have undergone dupilumab therapy.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of patients with CRSwNP who were treated with dupilumab.

The benefits and risks of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for postoperative analgesia in sinonasal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have emerged as an alternative to opioids for optimal postoperative pain management. However, the adoption of NSAIDs in sinonasal surgery has been impeded by a theoretical concern for postoperative bleeding. Our objective is to systematically review the efficacy and safety of NSAIDs for patients undergoing sinonasal surgery.

Development of a management protocol for internal carotid artery injury during endoscopic surgery: a modified Delphi method and single-center multidisciplinary working group.

Background: Intra-operative internal carotid artery (ICA) injury during transnasal endoscopic surgery is a potentially catastrophic event. Such an injury is life-threatening in the immediate setting, with a reported peri-operative mortality rate of 10%. Nasal packing, muscle patches, direct vessel closure, and endovascular techniques have been described as useful strategies for managing ICA bleeds.

The negative impact of chronic rhinosinusitis on the health-related quality of life among adult patients with cystic fibrosis.

Background: With improved survival in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, it is crucial to evaluate the impact of chronic co-morbidities such as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The objectives were 1) To determine the prevalence of CRS with a large series of CF patients 2) To evaluate the impact of CRS on the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of CF patients and 3) To compare CRS-specific, CF-specific and general HRQoL instruments.

Methods: Consecutive CF patients from the Toronto Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre were recruited between March 2018 and January 2020.