The Evolving Role of Neoadjuvant Radiation Therapy in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

Background/objectives: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers. Surgical resection is the most reliable chance for cure, but high rates of positive margins and local failure persist. Neoadjuvant therapies (NAT), including chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT), are being explored to improve surgical outcomes, particularly in borderline resectable (BRPC) and locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC).

Hypofractionated accelerated radiation dose-painting (HARD) improves outcomes in unresected soft-tissue sarcoma.

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are radioresistant with a low α/β, which may have a biologic benefit with hypofractionation. For unresectable STS, the dose escalation required to achieve durable control is often limited by long-term toxicity risk. We sought to compare an isotoxic approach utilizing hypofractionated accelerated radiation dose-painting (HARD) versus standard fractionated radiation therapy (SFT) in patients with unresected STS.

Nanoparticles use magnetoelectricity to target and eradicate cancer cells.

Unlabelled: This study presents the first in vivo and in vitro evidence of an externally controlled, predictive, MRI-based nanotheranostic agent capable of cancer cell specific targeting and killing via irreversible electroporation (IRE) in solid tumors. The rectangular-prism-shaped magnetoelectric nanoparticle is a smart nanoparticle that produces a local electric field in response to an externally applied magnetic field. When externally activated, MENPs are preferentially attracted to the highly conductive cancer cell membranes, which occurs in cancer cells because of dysregulated ion flux across their membranes.

Novel Definitive Hypofractionated Accelerated Radiation Dose-painting (HARD) for Unresected Soft Tissue Sarcomas.

Purpose: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are historically radioresistant, with surgery being an integral component of their treatment. With their low α/β, STS may be more responsive to hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT), which is often limited by long-term toxicity risk to surrounding normal tissue. An isotoxic approach using a hypofractionated accelerated radiation dose-painting (HARD) regimen allows for dosing based on clinical risk while sparing adjacent organs at risk.

Novel Postoperative Hypofractionated Accelerated Radiation Dose-Painting Approach for Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Purpose: Hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) offers benefits in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas (STS), including exploitation of the lower α/β, patient convenience, and cost. This study evaluates the acute toxicity of a hypofractionated accelerated RT dose-painting (HARD) approach for postoperative treatment of STS.

Methods And Materials: This is a retrospective review of 53 consecutive patients with STS who underwent resection followed by postoperative RT.

Trimodal Therapy Using an MR-guided Radiation Therapy Partial Bladder Tumor Boost in Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: Bladder preservation with trimodal therapy (TMT; maximal tumor resection followed by chemoradiation) is an effective paradigm for select patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer. We report our institutional experience of a TMT protocol using nonadaptive magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) for partial bladder boost (PBB).

Methods And Materials: A retrospective analysis was performed on consecutive patients with nonmetastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer who were treated with TMT using MRgRT between 2019 and 2022.

Accurate, repeatable, and geometrically precise diffusion-weighted imaging on a 0.35 T magnetic resonance imaging-guided linear accelerator.

Background And Purpose: Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) allows for the interrogation of tissue cellularity, which is a surrogate for cellular proliferation. Previous attempts to incorporate DWI into the workflow of a 0.35 T MR-linac (MRL) have lacked quantitative accuracy.

Online adaptive radiotherapy: Assessment of planning technique and its impact on longitudinal plan quality robustness in pancreatic cancer.

Background And Purpose: Planning on a static dataset that reflects the simulation day anatomy is routine for SBRT. We hypothesize the quality of on-table adaptive plans is similar to the baseline plan when delivering stereotactic MR-guided adaptive radiotherapy (SMART) for pancreatic cancer (PCa).

Materials And Methods: Sixty-seven inoperable PCa patients were prescribed 50 Gy/5-fraction SMART.

Magnetic Resonance-Guided Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy/Hypofractionated Radiation therapy for Metastatic and Primary Central and Ultracentral Lung Lesions.

Introduction: The recent results from the Nordic-HILUS study indicate stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is associated with high-grade toxicity for ultracentral (UC) tumors. We hypothesized that magnetic resonance-guided SBRT (MRgSBRT) or hypofractionated radiation therapy (MRgHRT) enables the safe delivery of high-dose radiation to central and UC lung lesions.

Methods: Patients with UC or central lesions were treated with MRgSBRT/MRgHRT with real-time gating or adaptation.

Stereotactic Magnetic Resonance-Guided Adaptive and Non-Adaptive Radiotherapy on Combination MR-Linear Accelerators: Current Practice and Future Directions.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an effective radiation therapy technique that has allowed for shorter treatment courses, as compared to conventionally dosed radiation therapy. As its name implies, SBRT relies on daily image guidance to ensure that each fraction targets a tumor, instead of healthy tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers improved soft-tissue visualization, allowing for better tumor and normal tissue delineation.

Neoadjuvant Simultaneous Integrated Boost Radiation Therapy Improves Clinical Outcomes for Retroperitoneal Sarcoma.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant radiation therapy (RT) with standard techniques (ST) offers a modest benefit in retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS). As the high-risk region (HRR) at risk for a positive surgical margin and recurrence is posterior and away from radiosensitive organs at risk, using a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) allows targeted dose escalation to the HRR while sparing these organs. We hypothesized that neoadjuvant SIB RT can improve disease control compared with ST, without increasing toxicity.

Adaptive hypofractionted and stereotactic body radiotherapy for lung tumors with real-time MRI guidance.

The treatment of central and ultracentral lung tumors with radiotherapy remains an ongoing clinical challenge. The risk of Grade 5 toxicity with ablative radiotherapy doses to these high-risk regions is significant as shown in recent prospective studies. Magnetic resonance (MR) image-guided adaptive radiotherapy (MRgART) is a new technology and may allow the delivery of ablative radiotherapy to these high-risk regions safely.

Dose-Escalated Magnetic Resonance Image-Guided Abdominopelvic Reirradiation With Continuous Intrafraction Visualization, Soft Tissue Tracking, and Automatic Beam Gating.

Purpose: Compared with computed tomography, magnetic resonance (MR) image guidance offers significant advantages for radiation therapy (RT) that may be particularly beneficial for reirradiation (reRT). However, clinical outcomes of MR-guided reRT are not well described in the published literature.

Methods And Materials: We performed a single-institution retrospective safety and efficacy analysis of reRT patients treated on the MRIdian Linac to targets within the abdomen or pelvis using continuous intrafraction MR-based motion management with automatic beam triggering.

Molecular characterization of megaplasmids encoding the type VI secretion system in Campylobacter jejuni isolated from chicken livers and gizzards.

Megaplasmids in Campylobacter spp. likely play important roles in antibiotic resistance, virulence, and horizontal gene transfer. In this study, megaplasmids pCJDM202 (119 kb) and pCJDM67L (116 kb) from C.

Anticancer Activity of Ganoderic Acid DM: Current Status and Future Perspective.

is a mushroom that has a long history of medicinal use in the Far East countries as this mushroom is revered for its supposed miracle cures and life improving properties. Recently, this mushroom has come under scientific scrutiny to examine the possibility of finding biologically active compounds that may have an impact on human physiology. The main category of biologically active compounds produced in the , are the triterpenoids, which are known as Ganoderic Acids.

Fc Receptor-Like Proteins in Pathophysiology of B-cell Disorder.

Members of the family of Fc receptor-like (FcRL) proteins, homologous to FcγRI, have been identified by multiple research groups. Consequently, they have been described using multiple nomenclatures including Fc receptor homologs (FcRH), immunoglobulin superfamily receptor translocation-associated genes (IRTA), immunoglobulin-Fc-gp42-related genes (IFGP), Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase anchor proteins (SPAP), and B cell cross-linked by anti-immunoglobulin M-activating sequences (BXMAS). They are now referred to under a unified nomenclature as FCRL.