Exploratory biomarker analysis in the phase III L-MOCA study of olaparib maintenance therapy in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer.

Background: The prospective phase III multi-centre L-MOCA trial (NCT03534453) has demonstrated the encouraging efficacy and manageable safety profile of olaparib maintenance therapy in the Asian (mainly Chinese) patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer (PSROC). In this study, we report the preplanned exploratory biomarker analysis of the L-MOCA trial, which investigated the effects of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on olaparib efficacy.

Methods: HRD status was determined using the ACTHRD assay, an enrichment-based targeted next-generation sequencing assay.

Monitoring state of charge and volume expansion in lithium-ion batteries: an approach using surface mounted thin-film graphene sensors.

Accurate monitoring of battery cell state of charge (SoC) and state of health (SoH) is vital to the safe and effective operation of rechargeable battery systems such as those in electric vehicles yet remains a challenge while the system is in use. A new surface-mounted sensor enabling simple and rapid monitoring of lithium-ion battery cell SoC and SoH is demonstrated. Small changes in cell volume brought about by the expansion and contraction of electrode materials during charge and discharge are detected through monitoring the changes in electrical resistance of a graphene film in the sensor.

Practical aspects of electrophoretic deposition to produce commercially viable supercapacitor energy storage electrodes.

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a highly convenient and demonstrated industrial operation for the manufacture of surface coatings. Recent years are seeing increasing evidence in using this technique to produce energy storage electrodes (notably for lithium-ion batteries, solid-state devices, supercapacitors, and flow batteries), but their advancement for industrialisation remains unclear. Using activated carbon (AC) as an exemplary supercapacitor material, this study reports the practical aspects of porous energy storage electrodes produced by the EPD technique.

A protocol to assess cellular bioenergetics in flavivirus-infected cells.

Aberrant cellular bioenergetics has detrimental consequences in host cells. For instance, pathogenic Zika virus strains can suppress mitochondria respiration and glycolytic functions, disrupting cellular bioenergetics that leads to apoptosis. Herein, we describe methods for flavivirus propagation, titering and infection, cell preparation, and procedures for mitochondrial and glycolytic stress tests.

Dysregulated metabolism underpins Zika-virus-infection-associated impairment in fetal development.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an Aedes-mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes debilitating congenital and developmental disorders. Improved understanding of ZIKV pathogenesis could assist efforts to fill the therapeutic and vaccine gap. We use several ZIKV strains, including a pair differing by a single phenylalanine-to-leucine substitution (M-F37L) in the membrane (M) protein, coupled with unbiased genomics to demarcate the border between attenuated and pathogenic infection.

Real-world multicenter study of the safety and efficacy of netupitant plus palonosetron fixed-dose combination to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting among Malaysian patients receiving moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy.

Aim: A large proportion of cancer patients are at high risk for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), but the choice of anti-emetics for CINV in Malaysia is limited.

Methods: This was a real-world study of a fixed-dose combination of netupitant and palonosetron (NEPA) to inhibit CINV in adult patients receiving moderately (MEC) or highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) for solid/hematological malignancies at eight Malaysian centers. Each HEC/MEC cycle received one dose of NEPA + dexamethasone for CINV prevention.

Oncologist-led counselling improves access to cancer genetic testing in middle-income Asian country, with no significant impact on psychosocial outcomes.

Background: Identifying patients with mutations is clinically important to inform on the potential response to treatment and for risk management of patients and their relatives. However, traditional referral routes may not meet clinical needs, and therefore, mainstreaming cancer genetics has been shown to be effective in some high-income and high health-literacy settings. To date, no study has reported on the feasibility of mainstreaming in low-income and middle-income settings, where the service considerations and health literacy could detrimentally affect the feasibility of mainstreaming.

Carry forward advantages of traditional medicines in prevention and control of outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic.

Members of the China-ASEAN Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Traditional Medicine Research used the video conference platform to exchange and discuss the advantages of traditional medicine through the form of score exchange and report, and research and develop the amount and issues of the therapeutic COVID-19 products of concern. This paper mainly reviews the achievements of the implementation of the epidemic prevention and control plan, advances of scientific basic studies on SARS-CoV-2, analysis and screening of potential targets and pathways of antiviral compounds based on network pharmacology and development of antiviral food dual-use products. The authors believe that the declaration of the (10 + 3) special meeting of national leaders on epidemic prevention and control should raise the medical and pharmaceutical issues of common concern.

CpG methylation in cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA in patients with EBV-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a variety of tumors and nonmalignant conditions. Latent EBV genomes in cells, including tumor cells, are often CpG methylated, whereas virion DNA is not CpG methylated. We demonstrate that methyl CpG binding magnetic beads can be used to fractionate among sources of EBV DNA (DNA extracted from laboratory-purified virions vs DNA extracted from latently infected cell lines).

The synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld analysis of 4-(3,4-di-methyl-anilino)--(3,4-di-methyl-phen-yl)quinoline-3-carboxamide.

The structure of the title quinoline carboxamide derivative, CHNO, is described. The quinoline moiety is not planar as a result of a slight puckering of the pyridine ring. The secondary amine has a slightly pyramidal geometry, certainly not planar.

Synthesis, Antitrypanosomal and Antimycobacterial Activities of Coumarin N-acylhydrazonic Derivatives.

Background: Near to 5-7 million people are infected with T. cruzi in the world, and about 10,000 people per year die of problems associated with this disease.

Methods: Herein, the synthesis, antitrypanosomal and antimycobacterial activities of seventeen coumarinic N-acylhydrazonic derivatives have been reported.

Current Update of Laboratory Molecular Diagnostics Advancement in Management of Colorectal Cancer (CRC).

Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be one of the most common cancers globally. The incidence has increased in developing countries in the past few decades, this could be partly attributed to aging populations and unhealthy lifestyles. While the treatment of CRC has seen significant improvement since the advent of target-specific therapies and personalized medicine, CRC is oftentimes detected at late or advanced stages, thereby reducing the efficacy of treatment.

Erratum: Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of ()-'-benzyl-idene-2-oxo-2-chromene-3-carbo-hydrazide and the disordered hemi-DMSO solvate of ()-2-oxo-'-(3,4,5-trimeth-oxybenzyl-idene)-2-chromene-3-carbohydrazide: lattice energy and inter-molecular inter-action energy calculations for the former. Corrigendum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1107/S2056989019012015.].

Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and PIXEL calculations of a 1:1 epimeric mixture of 3-[(4-nitro-benzyl-idene)amino]-2()-(4-nitro-phenyl)-5()-(propan-2-yl)imidazolidin-4-one.

A 1:1 epimeric mixture of 3-[(4-nitro-benzyl-idene)amino]-2()-(4-nitro-phen-yl)-5()-(propan-2-yl)imidazolidin-4-one, CHNO, was isolated from a reaction mixture of 2()-amino-3-methyl-1-oxo-butane-hydrazine and 4-nitro-benz-alde-hyde in ethanol. The product was derived from an initial reaction of 2()-amino-3-methyl-1-oxo-butane-hydrazine at its hydrazine group to provide a 4-nitro-benzyl-idene derivative, followed by a cyclization reaction with another mol-ecule of 4-nitro-benzaldehyde to form the chiral five-membered imidazolidin-4-one ring. The formation of the five-membered imidazolidin-4-one ring occurred with retention of the configuration at the 5-position, but with racemization at the 2-position.

Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of ()-'-benzyl-idene-2-oxo-2-chromene-3-carbo-hydrazide and the disordered hemi-DMSO solvate of ()-2-oxo-'-(3,4,5-trimeth-oxybenzyl-idene)-2-chromene-3-carbohydrazide: lattice energy and inter-molecular inter-action energy calculations for the former.

The crystal structures of the disordered hemi-DMSO solvate of ()-2-oxo-'-(3,4,5-tri-meth-oxy-benzyl-idene)-2-chromene-3-carbohydrazide, CHNO·0.5CHOS, and ()-'-benzyl-idene-2-oxo-2-chromene-3-carbohydrazide, CHNO (: = CH), are discussed. The non-hydrogen atoms in compound [: = (3,4,5-MeO)CH)] exhibit a distinct curvature, while those in compound, (: = CH), are essential coplanar.

Antibody-Dependent Dengue Virus Entry Modulates Cell Intrinsic Responses for Enhanced Infection.

Dengue is caused by infection with any one of four dengue viruses (DENV); the risk of severe disease appears to be enhanced by the cross-reactive or subneutralizing levels of antibody from a prior DENV infection. These antibodies opsonize DENV entry through the activating Fc gamma receptors (FcγR), instead of infection through canonical receptor-mediated endocytosis, to result in higher levels of DENV replication. However, whether the enhanced replication is solely due to more efficient FcγR-mediated DENV entry or is also through FcγR-mediated alteration of the host transcriptome response to favor DENV infection remains unclear.

Metabolic perturbations and cellular stress underpin susceptibility to symptomatic live-attenuated yellow fever infection.

Flaviviral infections result in a wide spectrum of clinical outcomes, ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe disease. Although the correlates of severe disease have been explored, the pathophysiology that differentiates symptomatic from asymptomatic infection remains undefined. To understand the molecular underpinnings of symptomatic infection, the blood transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of individuals were examined before and after inoculation with the live yellow fever viral vaccine (YF17D).

Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surfaces of four meth-oxy-benzaldehyde oxime derivatives, 2-MeO-CHC=NOH ( = H and 2-, 3- and 4-MeO): different conformations and hydrogen-bonding patterns.

The crystal structures of four ()-meth-oxy-benzaldehyde oxime derivatives, namely (2-meth-oxy-benzaldehyde oxime, , 2,3-di-meth-oxy-benzaldehyde oxime, , 4-di-meth-oxy-benzaldehyde oxime, , and 2,5-di-meth-oxy-benzaldehyde oxime, , are discussed. The arrangements of the 2-meth-oxy group and the H atom of the oxime unit are in compounds -, but in both independent mol-ecules of compound , the arrangements are . There is also a difference in the conformation of the two mol-ecules in , involving the orientations of the 2- and 5-meth-oxy groups.

Different classical hydrogen-bonding patterns in three salicylaldoxime derivatives, 2-HO-4-CHC=NOH ( = Me, OH and MeO).

The crystal structures of three salicyaldoxime compounds, namely 2-hy-droxy-4-methyl-benzaldehyde oxime, CHNO, , 2,4-di-hydroxy-benzaldehyde oxime, CHNO, , and 2-hy-droxy-4-meth-oxy-benzaldehyde oxime, CHNO, , are discussed. In each compound, the hydroxyl groups are essentially coplanar with their attached phenyl group. The inter-planar angles between the C=N-O moieties of the oxime unit and their attached phenyl rings are 0.

Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of the di- and tri-hydrates of (5α,17E)-17-hydrazonoandrostan-3-ol: Significant differences in the hydrogen bonding patterns and supramolecular arrangements.

The crystal structures, Hirshfeld surface analyses and electrostatic potential surfaces of the di- and tri-hydrates of (5α,17E)-17-hydrazonoandrostan-3-ol, 3, namely [3·(HO)] and [3·(HO)], are reported. The trihydrate, isolated from a solution of 3 in moist methanol, recrystallizes in the orthorhombic space group, P222, while that of the dihydrate, isolated from a 1:1 aqueous methanol solution, recrystallizes in the monoclinic space group, P2. The asymmetric unit of the trihydrate involves one steroid and three water molecules, while that of the dihydrate has two similar but independent steroid molecules and four hydrate molecules.

Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of the hemi-hydrate and hemi-methanolate of 3α-hydroxy-16α-bromoandrostan-17-one, 3: Differences in supramolecular arrangements.

The crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of two hemi-solvates of 3α-hydroxy-16α-bromoandrostan-17-one, 3, namely [(3).(HO)] and [(3).(MeOH)], are reported.

The Structure of Liquid and Amorphous Hafnia.

Understanding the atomic structure of amorphous solids is important in predicting and tuning their macroscopic behavior. Here, we use a combination of high-energy X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, and molecular dynamics simulations to benchmark the atomic interactions in the high temperature stable liquid and low-density amorphous solid states of hafnia. The diffraction results reveal an average Hf-O coordination number of ~7 exists in both the liquid and amorphous nanoparticle forms studied.

Polymorphism in the structure of -(5-methyl-thia-zol-2-yl)-4-oxo-4-chromene-3-carboxamide.

Chromone derivatives have been extensively studied recently because of to their promising biological activities. The new title chromone-thia-zole hybrid presented here, CHNOS, is a candidate as a selective ligand for adenosine receptors. The compound has been synthesized and characterized by the usual spectroscopic means (NMR and EM/IE) and its structure elucidated by X-ray crystallography, which revealed the presence of packing polymorphism.