Salvage technique of posterior iliac bolt placement in long-segment spinal constructs with a previous posterior iliac crest harvest: technical note.

Objective And Importance: Fusion between the lumbar spine and sacrum has been used to treat deformity, degenerative disease, trauma, and tumor. These constructs have a higher failure rate when a long construct is designed, in patients with poor bone quality, and in patients with previous irradiation or with significant osteoporosis.

Clinical Presentation: Extending the construct to the pelvis has been shown to increase the fusion rate of these patients and to reduce the risk of hardware failure before fusion has occurred.

Asymmetry of right versus left intraocular pressures over 24 hours in glaucoma patients.

Purpose: To assess the asymmetry of 24-hour intraocular pressures (IOPs) between right and left eyes of untreated open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients, and its influence on the monocular therapeutic trial.

Design: Experimental study with human patients.

Participants: Forty-one subjects (40-78 years old) with untreated OAG.

Chronic hypoxia-enhanced murine pulmonary vasoconstriction: role of superoxide and gp91phox.

Chronic hypoxia (CH) is a common cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Accumulating evidence suggests that changes in the activity of endothelin (ET)-1 receptors may play an important role in CH-induced PH. After 3 weeks of CH (10% O2) exposure, we found that the isolated intra-pulmonary artery (PA) constrictor response to ET-1 was significantly increased in wild-type (wt) mice.

Variation of 24-hour intraocular pressure in healthy individuals: right eye versus left eye.

Purpose: An assumption for the one-eye therapeutic trial of ocular hypotensive drugs is the symmetrical variation of intraocular pressure (IOP) between the two eyes. We evaluated whether or not 24-hour variations of IOP in the two eyes are similar in healthy individuals.

Design: Experimental study with human subjects.

Combination treatment of vertebral metastases using image-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and vertebroplasty: a case report.

Background: We describe a case of vertebral metastases treated with a combination of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and vertebroplasty in a single session.

Case Description: A 45-year-old female with recently diagnosed metastatic non-small cell lung cancer was referred for consideration of vertebroplasty after having several weeks of back pain. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans of the thoracic spine revealed metastatic lesions at the T9 and T12 bodies.

Immediate and delayed bilateral transfer of throwing accuracy in male and female children.

In the present study, an attempt was made to examine the nature and persistence of bilateral transfer of a throwing skill for a large sample of male and female children. One hundred sixty children ages 6, 8, 10, and 12 years were randomly assigned to either an experimental or control group with an equal number of boys and girls in each group. The experiment lasted 2 days and consisted of a pretest, a practice phase, an immediate transfer test, and a delayed transfer test.

Skeletal muscle reperfusion injury is enhanced in extracellular superoxide dismutase knockout mouse.

This study investigates the role of extracellular SOD (EC-SOD), the major extracellular antioxidant enzyme, in skeletal muscle ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Pedicled cremaster muscle flaps from homozygous EC-SOD knockout (EC-SOD-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to 4.5-h ischemia and 90-min reperfusion followed by functional and molecular analyses.

Correlation between office and peak nocturnal intraocular pressures in healthy subjects and glaucoma patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlations between office-hour intraocular pressures (IOP) and peak nocturnal IOP in healthy and glaucomatous eyes.

Design: Retrospective review of laboratory records.

Methods: We reviewed 24-hour data of IOP collected from 33 younger healthy subjects (aged 18 to 25 years), 35 older healthy subjects (aged 40 to 74 years), and 35 untreated older glaucoma patients (aged 40 to 79 years) housed in a sleep laboratory.

Comparison of the nocturnal effects of once-daily timolol and latanoprost on intraocular pressure.

Purpose: To compare the nocturnal effects of once-daily timolol and latanoprost on intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with ocular hypertension or early glaucomatous changes.

Design: Prospective, open-label, experimental study with crossover design.

Methods: Eighteen patients with ocular hypertension or early glaucomatous changes (aged 41 to 79 years) each received topical treatments with timolol (0.

Minimally invasive treatments for spinal metastases: vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, and radiofrequency ablation.

Bony metastases are the most common tumors affecting the musculoskeletal system. The most common site of such metastases is the spinal column. Many patients with these tumors present with pain and pathologic fractures.

Anterior atlas fracture following suboccipital decompression for Chiari I malformation. Report of two cases.

Chiari I malformation, a congenital disorder involving downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum, is often treated surgically by performing suboccipital craniectomy and C-1 laminectomy. The authors report two cases in which fracture of the anterior atlantal arch occurred during the postoperative period following Chiari I decompression and C-1 laminectomy causing significant neck pain. The findings indicate that interruption of the integrity of the posterior arch of C-1, iatrogenically or otherwise, confers increased risk of anterior arch fracture.

Reoxygenation-induced constriction in murine coronary arteries: the role of endothelial NADPH oxidase (gp91phox) and intracellular superoxide.

Previous work suggests that superoxide mediates hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced constriction of isolated mouse coronary arteries (CA). To determine the source of superoxide overproduction during H/R we studied CA obtained from transgenic (Tg) mice overexpressing human CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and mice lacking gp91(phox) using an in vitro vascular ring bioassay. We found that under normoxic conditions CA isolated from wild type (wt) mice, CuZn-SOD Tg mice and gp91(phox) knock-out mice had similar contractile responses to U46619 and hypoxia and similar dilation responses to acetylcholine.

Extracellular superoxide enhances 5-HT-induced murine pulmonary artery vasoconstriction.

Accumulating evidence suggests that changes in both 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor activity and in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in regulating pulmonary artery (PA) vascular responsiveness, particularly in the setting of pulmonary hypertension. Therefore, we hypothesized that increased levels of superoxide enhance 5-HT-induced PA constriction. With the use of a small-vessel bioassay, 5-HT (0.

Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: surgical technique and results in 24 patients.

Objective: The advantage of anterior column support and fusion in addition to pedicle fixation in patients with degenerative spinal disorders has become increasingly clear. With the increase in popularity of this treatment, a variety of techniques have been used to achieve the goal of anterior column support, fusion, and segmental instrumentation. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion has been used since the late 1940s in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spine.

Nocturnal elevation of intraocular pressure is detectable in the sitting position.

Purpose: When intraocular pressure (IOP) was monitored in supine healthy young adults throughout a 24-hour period, a diurnal-to-nocturnal elevation of IOP was observed. This study was undertaken to investigate whether a similar elevation of IOP can be detected when experimental subjects are in the sitting position.

Methods: Experimental subjects were 16 nonsmoking, healthy young volunteers (ages, 18-25 years).

Laboratory assessment of diurnal and nocturnal ocular perfusion pressures in humans.

We estimated diurnal and nocturnal levels of ocular perfusion pressure at rest in both young and older adults in a clinical sleep laboratory. Measurements of blood pressure and intraocular pressure (IOP) were obtained every 2 hours for 24 consecutive hours in 16 healthy young adults (ages 18-25 years) and 16 older adults (ages 47-74 years). In the 16-hour diurnal wake period, blood pressure and IOP were measured after a 5-minute sitting rest.

Muscle flap salvage of spine wounds with soft tissue defects or infection.

Study Design: This retrospective study was designed to analyze the results of 22 patients treated for postoperative soft tissue defects of the spine.

Objective: To demonstrate the utility of flaps in the salvage of spine wounds.

Summary Of Background Data: In the literature, the treatment of postoperative spine infections is with serial débridement, antibiotic irrigation catheters, drains, and occasional removal of spinal implants.

Twenty-four-hour intraocular pressure pattern associated with early glaucomatous changes.

Purpose: To characterize the 24-hour pattern of intraocular pressure (IOP) in untreated patients with newly diagnosed early glaucomatous changes.

Methods: Measurements of IOP, blood pressure, and heart rate were taken every 2 hours during a 24-hour period from a group of 24 untreated patients (ages 40-78 years) with newly diagnosed abnormal optic discs and/or abnormal visual fields. In the 16-hour diurnal awake period, IOP was measured sitting and supine, and blood pressure and heart rate were measured supine.

Is laparoscopic anterior lumbar interbody fusion a useful minimally invasive procedure?

Objective: Laparoscopic anterior lumbar interbody fusion (LALIF) has been demonstrated to be safe and effective. Its use as a standard surgical technique has been recommended for arthrodesis in the lumbosacral region. We reviewed our experience with LALIF for safety, effectiveness, and usefulness.

Circadian variations of transforming growth factor-beta2 and basic fibroblast growth factor in the rabbit aqueous humor.

Purpose: To compare levels of transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the ocular fluids of rabbits at various times of the day.

Methods: Seventy-two young adult New Zealand albino rabbits were entrained to a daily 12-hour light (6 AM to 6 PM) and 12-hour dark cycle. Eight rabbits were sacrificed at each of 6 time points: 4 AM, 8 AM, noon, 4 PM, 8 PM, and midnight.

Twenty-four-hour pattern of intraocular pressure in young adults with moderate to severe myopia.

Purpose: To characterize the 24-hour change of intraocular pressure (IOP) in young adults with moderate to severe myopia.

Methods: Nineteen young adults, ages 18 to 25 years, with moderate to severe myopia (myopia group) and 17 age-matched volunteers with emmetropia or mild myopia (control group) were housed for 1 day in a sleep laboratory. An 8-hour accustomed sleep period was assigned to each volunteer.

Cotyledonoid leiomyoma: a benign uterine tumor with alarming gross appearance.

Cotyledonoid leiomyoma or "grapelike" leiomyoma is a very rare tumor among the ever-expanding repertoire of growth variants described in benign uterine leiomyoma. We report a case of cotyledonoid leiomyoma in a 55-year-old woman who presented with menorrhagia and uterine prolapse. A large multinodular fungating tumor adhering to the right posterolateral wall of the uterus and extending to the broad ligament was discovered at vaginal hysterectomy.