Longitudinal outcomes among patients with fibromyalgia, chronic widespread pain, or localized chronic low back pain.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare longitudinal outcomes of patients with FM, CWP, or localized chronic low back pain (LBP) to determine whether FM is an extreme manifestation of the CWP continuum.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted within a national pain research registry from August 2019 to July 2023. A total of 310 participants with FM (and CWP), CWP (without FM), or LBP were followed for 12 months to measure pain intensity, back-related disability, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Communication and empathy within the patient-physician relationship among patients with and without chronic pain.

Context: Chronic pain may affect the relationship between patients and their treating physicians.

Objectives: This study was designed to compare four aspects of physician communication and physician empathy reported by patients with chronic pain and in chronic pain-free controls.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted within a national pain research registry from July 2020 through January 2024.

Impact of Shared Decision-Making on Opioid Prescribing Among Patients With Chronic Pain: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Shared decision-making (SDM) involving patient and physician is a desirable goal that is recommended in chronic pain management guidelines. This study measured whether SDM affects opioid prescribing frequency for chronic low back pain. A retrospective cohort study involving 1,478 participants was conducted within a national pain research registry.

Physician Empathy and Chronic Pain Outcomes.

Importance: Empathy is an aspect of the patient-physician relationship that may be particularly important in patients with chronic pain.

Objective: To measure the association of physician empathy with pain, function, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients with chronic low back pain.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study included adult enrollees from the Pain Registry for Epidemiological, Clinical, and Interventional Studies and Innovation national pain research registry.

Pain catastrophizing and risk of progression to widespread pain among patients with chronic low back pain: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Chronic low back pain often progresses to widespread pain. Although many factors are associated with progression, their roles in contributing to chronic widespread pain (CWP) are often unclear.

Objective: To determine if pain catastrophizing is an independent risk factor for CWP.

Effectiveness of Long-Term Opioid Therapy for Chronic Low Back Pain.

Purpose: Clinical trials generally have not assessed efficacy of long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) beyond 6 months because of methodological barriers and ethical concerns. We aimed to measure the effectiveness of LTOT for up to 12 months.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among adults with chronic low back pain (CLBP) from April 2016 through August 2022.

Racial Disparities in Opioid Use and Lumbar Spine Surgery for Chronic Pain and in Pain and Function Over 3 Years: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

This study aims to compare treatments and outcomes among Black and White patients with chronic low back pain in the United States. A retrospective cohort study was conducted within a pain research registry, including 1,443 participants with up to 3 years of follow-up. Pain treatments were measured at quarterly research encounters using reported current opioid use and prior lumbar spine surgery.

Effectiveness of spinal manipulation and biopsychosocial self-management compared to medical care for low back pain: a randomized trial study protocol.

Background: Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is widespread, costly, and burdensome to patients and health systems. Little is known about non-pharmacological treatments for the secondary prevention of cLBP. There is some evidence that treatments addressing psychosocial factors in higher risk patients are more effective than usual care.

The process and outcomes of chronic low back pain treatment provided by osteopathic and allopathic physicians: a retrospective cohort study.

Context: Osteopathic physicians are trained to treat patients with musculoskeletal symptoms, to treat somatic dysfunction with osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT), and to avoid unnecessarily prescribing drugs such as opioids. It is also generally believed that osteopathic physicians provide a unique patient-centered approach to medical care that involves effective communication and empathy. Such training and characteristics of osteopathic medical care (OMC) may enhance clinical outcomes among patients with chronic pain.

Effectiveness of Spinal Manipulation and Biopsychosocial Self-Management compared to Medical Care for Low Back Pain: A Randomized Trial Study Protocol.

Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is widespread, costly, and burdensome to patients and health systems. Little is known about non-pharmacological treatments for the secondary prevention of cLBP. There is some evidence that treatments addressing psychosocial factors in higher risk patients are more effective than usual care.

Patient Satisfaction With Medical Care for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Pain Research Registry Study.

Purpose: The process and outcomes of delivering medical care for chronic low back pain might affect patient satisfaction. We aimed to determine the associations of process and outcomes with patient satisfaction.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of patient satisfaction among adult participants with chronic low back pain in a national pain research registry using self-reported measures of physician communication, physician empathy, current physician opioid prescribing for low back pain, and outcomes pertaining to pain intensity, physical function, and health-related quality of life.

Osteopathic manipulative treatment of patients with chronic low back pain in the United States: a retrospective cohort study.

Context: The practice of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) varies substantially across nations. Much of this variability may be attributed to disparate international educational, licensing, and regulatory environments that govern the practice of osteopathy by nonphysicians. This is in contrast with the United States, where osteopathic physicians are trained to integrate OMT as part of comprehensive patient management.

Pain and functional recovery from chronic low back pain over 12 months: implications for osteopathic medicine.

Context: Although low back pain is a common medical condition that often progresses to become a chronic problem, little is known about the likelihood of recovery from chronic low back pain (CLBP).

Objectives: This study aimed to measure the risk of recovery from CLBP based on low back pain intensity and back-related functioning measures reported by participants within a pain research registry over 12 months of observation and to consider the implications for osteopathic medicine.

Methods: A total of 740 participants with CLBP in the Pain Registry for Epidemiological, Clinical, and Interventional Studies and Innovation in the United States were studied between April 2016 and October 2021.

The effect of long-term opioid use on back-specific disability and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain.

Context: Opioids are commonly utilized for the treatment of chronic pain. However, research regarding the long-term (≥12 months) outcomes of opioid therapy remains sparse.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effects of long-term opioid therapy on measures of back-specific disability and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain.

Optimizing chronic pain management through patient engagement with quality of life measures: a randomized controlled trial.

Context: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) represents a new approach for guiding chronic pain management because it is patient-centered and more likely to be understood and accepted by patients.

Objectives: To assess the value and utility of an eHealth intervention for patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) that was primarily based on HRQOL measures and to measure the clinical outcomes associated with its use.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted within the Pain Registry for Epidemiological, Clinical, and Interventional Studies and Innovation (PRECISION Pain Research Registry) using participants screened from November 2019 through February 2021.

Nonadherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Opioid Prescribing in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Pain Research Registry-Based Study.

Introduction: This study measured the prevalence and impact of nonadherence to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) that recommend using nonpharmacological and nonopioid treatments such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) before considering opioids in patients with chronic low back pain.

Methods: Participants within the PRECISION Pain Research Registry provided data during the period from April 2016 through October 2021. The prevalence of nonadherence to CPGs was based on current or prior use of 6 common nonpharmacological treatments, NSAIDs, and opioids for low back pain.

Analysis of the Patient-Physician Relationship, Race, and Pain Control and Physical Function Among Adults With Chronic Low Back Pain.

Importance: Racial and ethnic disparities in pain outcomes are widely reported in the United States. However, the impact of the patient-physician relationship on such outcomes remains unclear.

Objective: To determine whether the patient-physician relationship mediates the association of race with pain outcomes.

Preventing progression from chronic to widespread pain and its impact on health-related quality of life: a historical cohort study of osteopathic medical care.

Context: It is generally acknowledged that osteopathic physicians take a holistic approach to patient care. This style may help prevent the progression of painful musculoskeletal conditions, particularly if combined with osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT).

Objectives: The study aimed to determine if osteopathic medical care lowers the risk of progression from localized chronic low back pain to widespread pain and lessens the impact of pain on health-related quality of life.

Patient-centered care or osteopathic manipulative treatment as mediators of clinical outcomes in patients with chronic low back pain.

Context: Patient-centered care is often considered a characteristic of osteopathic medicine, in addition to the use of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) in such musculoskeletal conditions as low back pain.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine if patient-centered care or OMT are mediators of the clinical outcomes of osteopathic medicine in patients with chronic low back pain.

Methods: A comparative effectiveness study was conducted within the Pain Registry for Epidemiological, Clinical, and Interventional Studies and Innovation (PRECISION Pain Research Registry).

Impact of COVID-19 on utilization of nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatments for chronic low back pain and clinical outcomes.

Context: The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the delivery of health care services throughout the United States, including those for patients with chronic pain.

Objectives: To measure changes in patients' utilization of nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatments for chronic low back pain and related outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A pre-post study was conducted within the Pain Registry for Epidemiological, Clinical, and Interventional Studies and Innovation (PRECISION Pain Research Registry) using data in the 3 months before and 3-6 months after the declaration of a national emergency related to COVID-19.

Demographic Characteristics Associated With Utilization of Noninvasive Treatments for Chronic Low Back Pain and Related Clinical Outcomes During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States.

Introduction: This study was conducted to determine if limited access to health care during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted utilization of recommended nonpharmacological treatments, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids by patients with chronic low back pain and affected clinical outcomes relating to pain intensity and disability.

Methods: Participants within the Pain Registry for Epidemiological, Clinical, and Interventional Studies and Innovation were eligible if they provided encounter data in the 3 months immediately before and after the national emergency proclamation date (NEPD).

Results: The mean age of the 528 study participants was 53.

Feasibility Trial of an eHealth Intervention for Health-Related Quality of Life: Implications for Managing Patients with Chronic Pain during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of providing an eHealth intervention for health-related quality of life (HRQOL) to facilitate patient self-management.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted from 2019-2020 within the Pain Registry for Epidemiological, Clinical, and Interventional Studies and Innovation. Eligible patients included those with chronic low back pain and a SPADE (sleep disturbance, pain interference with activities, anxiety, depression, and low energy/fatigue) cluster score ≥ 55 based on the relevant scales from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System instrument with 29 items (PROMIS-29).

Osteopathic Manipulation in the Management of Chronic Pain: Current Perspectives.

Chronic pain is a common condition that often interferes with work or other activities. Guidelines support the use of non-pharmacological treatments, such as spinal manipulation, in patients with chronic pain. Osteopathic physicians in the United States are uniquely positioned to manage chronic pain because their professional philosophy embraces the biopsychosocial model and they are trained in the use of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) to complement conventional medical care.