Unlabelled: Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), the causative agent of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVADs), has a worldwide distribution, and is considered as one of the most important emerging viral pathogens of economic importance. In Kerala, a total of 62 tissue samples were collected during post mortem from pigs suspected to have died of PCV2 infection. The animals exhibited symptoms like respiratory illness, gradual wasting, rough hair coat, polypnoea, dyspnoea, pallor, diarrhoea, icterus, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: At a tertiary-care, level 1 pediatric trauma center, we have observed fractures of the distal phalanx involving the physis, with associated nail bed injuries, that are distinct from the classic description of the Seymour fracture. We investigated the time to definitive management and the associated morbidity of these Seymour fracture variants compared with classically described Seymour fractures. We hypothesize that these Seymour variants are similarly problematic in terms of complications and delays to the definitive treatment and thus warrant increased awareness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe indications for using biologic wound agents have expanded greatly since first being employed for acute burn management. The majority of the literature details the use of said agents in the adult population; however, there is little representation regarding their uses for reconstructing defects typically observed in the pediatric population. Ironically, children, and to a lesser extent adolescents, greatly benefit from their use given the reduced skin laxity and amount of surrounding tissue available for locoregional tissue transfer when compared with adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfectious bursal disease (IBD) is considered as menace as it affects poultry industry globally causing immunosuppression, high mortality and heavy economic loss. Outbreaks of IBD were reported in many states of India including Kerala. VP1 gene acts as an important factor in the process of virus encapsidation and its involvement in viral virulence and viral replication indicates its importance in infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpura fulminans can result in significant full-thickness wounds, posing a challenge in the pediatric population, given the paucity of donor sites for reconstruction. The authors present the case of an 11-month-old patient for whom a split-thickness skin allograft (TheraSkin) was successfully implemented as a temporizing measure for a large leg wound.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeripheral nerve injuries of the upper extremity can result from a wide array of etiologies, with the two most common being compression neuropathy and traumatic injuries. These types of injuries are common and can be psychologically, functionally, and financially devastating to the patient. A detailed preoperative evaluation is imperative for appropriate management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Infections in the pediatric population are a less well studied topic in hand surgery. Crucial aspects of the management of pediatric hand infections differ from adults, though much of current treatment is generalized from adult care. This study evaluates our clinical experience with regards to the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of pediatric hand infections requiring operative intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) caused by an arterivirus is characterised by reproductive disorders in sows, and post-weaning pneumonia and growth reduction in piglets. Though the virus has been detected in Kerala, no systematic study has been carried out to ascertain its genotype and molecular epidemiology. In the present study, 7 PRRS virus (PRRSV) positive samples collected from incidences of PRRS in Kerala during 2017-2019 were subjected to ORF5, ORF7 and Nsp2 gene based reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and the specific amplicons generated were sequenced.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGroup A rotaviruses (GAR) are an important cause of diarrhoea in infants and newborn animals especially pigs. In this paper, we report the detection, G and P typing and phylogenetic analysis of GAR of pigs in Kerala. A total of 100 fecal samples from diarrhoeic piglets were collected from organized farms in Wayanad, Ernakulam, Thrissur, and Palakkad districts of Kerala.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHand injuries are common in the pediatric population with a wide spectrum of morbidity that can occur. Simple injuries are distinguished from complex injuries by the number of fingers/systems that are involved. The epidemiology of simple and complex operative hand trauma in the pediatric population has not yet been defined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Despite increasing literature support for the use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in expander-based breast reconstruction, the effect of ADM on clinical outcomes in the presence of post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) has not been well described.
Objectives: To analyze the impact ADM plays on clinical outcomes on immediate tissue expander (ITE) reconstruction undergoing PMRT.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent ITE breast reconstruction from 2004 to 2014 at MD Anderson Cancer Center.
Purpose:: To evaluate the capsular bag performance and posterior capsule opacification development of two intraocular lenses differing in material and design.
Methods:: This study included patients who were scheduled for cataract surgery and compared a hydrophilic intraocular lens (Super flex intraocular lens; Rayner Surgical, Worthing, UK) with a hydrophobic intraocular lens (AcrySof SA60AT; Alcon, Fort Worth, TX, USA). Follow-ups were performed 1 month and 2 years after cataract surgery, including a slit lamp examination and retroillumination images.
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare functional outcomes between nerve grafting and nerve transfer procedures in the setting of isolated, posttraumatic axillary nerve injuries.
Methods: A systematic review was performed using the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases to identify all cases of isolated, posttraumatic axillary nerve injuries in patients aged 18 years or older. Patients who underwent axillary nerve reconstruction were included and categorized by technique: graft or transfer.
Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is a DNA virus of the genus of family . It is the causative agent of many disease problems in pigs such as maternal reproductive failure, stillbirth, mummification, embryonic or fetal death, infertility, abortion and neonatal death. A study was conducted to assess the incidence of the virus in pigs in Kerala State in South India.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreaxial polydactyly is a common, often sporadic, congenital anomaly that must be addressed surgically early in life. Ideally, the surgeon seeks to accomplish three goals: construction of a thumb that is adequate in size, preservation of pinch function, and reconstruction of all components in one procedure. Although each case is unique, several classification systems attempt to describe the various types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReconstruction of oncologic defects in the pediatric population is a unique challenge. Differences in patient comorbidities, size of the reconstructive components, response of the skeletally immature body to surgery and radiation, compliance, and overall recovery potential make the pediatric patient cohort distinct from the adult population. Considering that patients are enjoying longer life spans, it behooves the surgeon to reconstruct oncologic defects with durable and long-lasting tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClassical swine fever (CSF) is an economically important disease of pigs caused by CSF virus (CSFV) belonging to the genus Pestivirus within the family Flaviviridae. The disease is endemic in many countries including India. A comprehensive study was carried out to assess the type of CSFV circulating in the South Indian state of Kerala.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: A person's ability to move his or her arms against gravity is important for independent performance of critical activities of daily living and for exploration that facilitates early cognitive, language, social, and perceptual-motor development. Children with a variety of diagnoses have difficulty moving their arms against gravity.
Objective: The purpose of this technical report is to detail the design process and initial testing of a novel exoskeletal garment, the Playskin Lift, that assists and encourages children to lift their arms against gravity.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
July 2015
Background: Microcystic lymphatic malformations (LM) are congenital birth defects that can cause severe functional or esthetic deformity. At this time, several treatment interventions are possible, but there is no ideal therapy. A recently published article noted a coincidental improvement in microcystic LMs with the use of sildenafil for pulmonary hypertension, but conclusive and reproducible data is lacking regarding its efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The objective of trainee recruitment is to identify candidates likely to perform well as trainees and subsequent faculty. The effectiveness of this process has not been established. The goal of this study was to identify trainee selection criteria predictive of excellent performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe authors provide an overview of nasal soft tissue reconstruction and of the senior author's practice. Nasal soft tissue reconstruction is a challenging endeavor as the nose is one of the most prominent and complex facial features. A multitude of surgical repair options exist, which can make the decision-making process unnecessarily complicated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOdontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors. They are broadly classified in to Compound Odontoma and Complex Odontoma. Among them complex odontoma is a rare tumor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCraniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr
March 2014
Biodegradable plates have been used extensively in fracture fixation since the 1960s. They rarely cause stress-protection atrophy or problems requiring secondary plate removal, common complications seen with metallic plates. However, aseptic foreign-body reactions have been reported, sometimes years after the original implantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF