Artificial Intelligence Assistance in Point-of-Care Ultrasound Skill Retention for Novice Users in Space Medicine Scenarios.

Introduction: As humanity progresses further into space, astronauts must be increasingly independent from mission control, especially in high-consequence medical scenarios. The high-utility and low-mass nature of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) makes this imaging modality ideal for spaceflight mission deployment. However, POCUS operator skill degrades over time, presenting an operational barrier to continuous, effective use.

Pragmatic evaluation of point of care lung ultrasound for the triage of COVID-19 patients using a simple scoring matrix: Intraclass-classification and predictive value.

Background: The value of routine bedside lung ultrasound (LUS) for predicting patient disposition during visits to the Emergency Department (ED) is difficult to quantify. We hypothesized that a simplified scoring of bedside-acquired LUS images for the triage of acute respiratory symptoms in the ED would be associated with patient disposition.

Methods: For this observational pragmatic study, we reviewed prospectively-collected bedside LUS images from patients presenting to the ED with acute respiratory symptoms.

Utilization of marketing automation tools for delivery of a faculty development curriculum.

Background: Physician clinical educators play important roles in teaching, providing feedback, and evaluating trainees, but they often have variable preparation and competing demands on their time that make universal participation in workshops, seminars, or short courses designed to foster these skillsets inefficient or impossible.

Methods: We designed and implemented a 52-week synchronous curriculum designed to address faculty opportunities to improve teaching skills, feedback for residents and medical students, and evaluation skills, which were delivered using marketing automation tools, including text messaging and email. We evaluated the programmatic impact and feasibility of using the implementation science framework.

Physical and biophysical markers of assessment in medical training: A scoping review of the literature.

Purpose: Assessment in medical education has changed over time to measure the evolving skills required of current medical practice. Physical and biophysical markers of assessment attempt to use technology to gain insight into medical trainees' knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The authors conducted a scoping review to map the literature on the use of physical and biophysical markers of assessment in medical training.

Do we fix front and back of every APC pelvic injury?

HISTORY-A 47-year-old male was on a cliff when he jumped into the water below. He jumped about 50 feet. Upon landing in the water, he felt his legs separate and abduct violently.

The 2023 Core Content of advanced emergency medicine ultrasonography.

In February 2023, the American Board of Emergency Medicine (ABEM) approved modifications to the Advanced Emergency Medicine Ultrasonography (AEMUS) Core Content, which defines the areas of knowledge considered essential for the practice of AEMUS. This manuscript serves as a revision of the AEMUS Core Content originally published in 2014. The revision of the Core Content for AEMUS training aims to establish standardized education and qualifications necessary for AEMUS fellowship program leadership, clinical application, administration, quality improvement, and research.

Evaluation of a Novel Point-of-Care Ultrasound Curriculum for First-Year Pediatric Residents.

Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate a novel point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) educational curriculum for pediatric residents.

Methods: The cohort study in graduate medical education was completed from January 2017 to March 2019. Postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) pediatric residents attended the educational curriculum that consisted of 3 half-day sessions over a 3-month period.

Ultrasound Hypotension Protocol Time-motion Study Using the Multifrequency Single Transducer Versus a Multiple Transducer Ultrasound Device.

Introduction: Ultrasound hypotension protocols (UHP) involve imaging multiple body areas, each with different transducers and imaging presets. The time for task switching between presets and transducers to perform an UHP has not been previously studied. A novel hand-carried ultrasound (HCU) has been developed that uses a multifrequency single transducer to image areas of the body (lung, heart, abdomen, superficial) that would typically require three transducers using a traditional cart-based ultrasound (CBU) system.

Use of Hand-motion Analysis to Assess Competence and Skill Decay for Cardiac and Lung Point-of-care Ultrasound.

Objectives: Assessment of competence in technical skills, including point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), is required before a novice can safely perform the skill independently. Ongoing assessment of competence is also required because technical skills degrade over time, especially when they are infrequently performed or complex. Hand-motion analysis (HMA) is an objective assessment tool that has been used to evaluate competency in many technical skills.

Megarectum: systematic histopathological evaluation of 35 patients and new common pathways in chronic rectal dilatation.

Aims: Megarectum is well described in the surgical literature but few contemporary pathological studies have been undertaken. There is uncertainty whether 'idiopathic' megarectum is a primary neuromuscular disorder or whether chronic dilatation leads to previously reported and unreported pathological changes. We sought to answer this question.

Living Up to a Name: Gender Role Behavior Varies With Forename Gender Typicality.

Forenames serve as proxies for gender labels that activate gender stereotypes and gender socialization. Unlike rigid binary gender categories, they differ in the degree to which they are perceived as "masculine" or "feminine." We examined the novel hypothesis that the ability of a forename to signal gender is associated with gender role behavior in women ( = 215) and men ( = 127; = 19.

Differences in Gaze Fixation Location and Duration Between Resident and Fellowship Sonographers Interpreting a Focused Assessment With Sonography in Trauma.

Objectives: We quantified the gaze fixation duration of resident and fellowship sonographers interpreting a prerecorded focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST). We hypothesized that all sonographers would fixate on each relevant anatomic relationship but that the duration of fixation would differ.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study collecting and analyzing the gaze fixations of a convenience sample of current resident and fellowship sonographers.

Considering Psychodynamic Therapy for Older Adults.

As the neuroscientific bases for conceptualizing and treating psychiatric and psychological conditions have become increasingly emphasized in recent years, application of relatively more traditional theoretical frameworks, such as psychodynamic theory, has somewhat fallen out of favor. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of psychodynamic therapy in both short- and long-term episodes of care has been established in numerous outcome studies and meta-analyses from the last two decades. Specifically, psychodynamic therapy may be particularly well suited for use with older adults (ages 65 years and older) for a number of clinically and logistically indicated reasons.

Predictors of False-Negative Focused Assessment With Sonography for Trauma Examination in Pediatric Blunt Abdominal Trauma.

Objectives: This study investigated associations between patient and injury characteristics and false-negative (FN) focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) in pediatric blunt abdominal trauma (BAT). We also evaluated the effects of FN FAST on in-hospital mortality and length of stay (LOS) variables.

Methods: This retrospective cohort studied children younger than 18 years between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2013, with BAT, documented FAST, and pathologic fluid on computed tomography, surgery, or autopsy.

Emergency Ultrasound Literature and Adherence to Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Criteria.

Background: Given the wide usage of emergency point-of-care ultrasound (EUS) among emergency physicians (EPs), rigorous study surrounding its accuracy is essential. The Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) criteria were established to ensure robust reporting methodology for diagnostic studies. Adherence to the STARD criteria among EUS diagnostic studies has yet to be reported.

The Effect of Age on Outcome in Excision of Chronic Osteomyelitis with Free Muscle Flap Reconstruction.

Curative surgical treatment of chronic osteomyelitis often requires free tissue transfer if there is significant soft tissue compromise. We investigated whether age influenced outcomes of curative osteomyelitis excision in those patients requiring free muscle flap soft tissue reconstruction. We assessed ninety-five consecutive patients treated with excision of chronic osteomyelitis, skeletal stabilisation/reconstruction and free muscle transfer between 2006 and 2012.

Hand motion analysis for assessment of nursing competence in ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheter placement.

Introduction: Objective measures such as hand motion analysis are needed to assess competency in technical skills, including ultrasound-guided procedures. Ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheter placement has many potential benefits and is a viable skill for nurses to learn. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of hand motion analysis for assessment of nursing competence in ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous placement.

Teaching Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound to Novice Pediatric Learners: Web-Based E-Learning Versus Traditional Classroom Didactic.

Objective: To assess whether Web-based teaching is at least as effective as traditional classroom didactic in improving the proficiency of pediatric novice learners in the image acquisition and interpretation of pneumothorax and pleural effusion using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS).

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled noninferiority study comparing the effectiveness of Web-based teaching to traditional classroom didactic. The participants were randomized to either group A (live classroom lecture) or group B (Web-based lecture) and completed a survey and knowledge test.

Effect of Emergency Physician-Performed Point-of-Care Ultrasound and Radiology Department-Performed Ultrasound Examinations on the Emergency Department Length of Stay Among Pregnant Women at Less Than 20 Weeks' Gestation.

Objectives: We sought to confirm retrospective studies that measured an approximately 20% reduction in emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS) in early-gestation pregnant women who receive emergency physician-performed point-of-care ultrasound (US) examinations rather than radiology department-performed US examinations for evaluation of intrauterine pregnancy (IUP).

Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was performed at an urban academic safety net hospital and 2 Naval medical centers in the United States. The allocation was concealed before enrollment.

Critical care ultrasound: A national survey across specialties.

Purpose: Management of the critically ill patient requires rapid assessment and differentiation. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) improves diagnostic accuracy and guides resuscitation. This study sought to describe the use of critical care related POCUS amongst different specialties.

Emergency Physicians Who Produce Higher Relative Value Units Per Hour Spend Similar Amounts of Time at Patient Bedsides as Their Colleagues.

Background: Emergency physicians (EPs) are expected to deliver quality care while maintaining high levels of efficiency and productivity as measured by the relative value unit (RVU).

Objectives: We sought to determine whether academic EPs with higher RVUs spend less time at the bedside than their colleagues.

Methods: This was a prospective, observational, cohort study.

Transcriptome and proteome dynamics in chemostat culture reveal how Campylobacter jejuni modulates metabolism, stress responses and virulence factors upon changes in oxygen availability.

Campylobacter jejuni, the most frequent cause of food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, is a microaerophile that has to survive high environmental oxygen tensions, adapt to oxygen limitation in the intestine and resist host oxidative attack. Here, oxygen-dependent changes in C. jejuni physiology were studied at constant growth rate using carbon (serine)-limited continuous chemostat cultures.

Establishing an Ultrasound Curriculum in Undergraduate Medical Education: How Much Time Does It Take?

Objectives: Over the years, the use of ultrasound in the medical profession has become a common occurrence. As a result, many medical schools are considering an ultrasound curriculum for first- and second-year medical students. The question posed by many of these programs is how much time and effort are required to establish such a curriculum.

Improved medical student perception of ultrasound using a paired anatomy teaching assistant and clinician teaching model.

This study describes a new teaching model for ultrasound (US) training, and evaluates its effect on medical student attitudes toward US. First year medical students participated in hands-on US during human gross anatomy (2014 N = 183; 2015 N = 182). The sessions were facilitated by clinicians alone in 2014, and by anatomy teaching assistant (TA)-clinician pairs in 2015.