Effects of Dietary Supplementation of DL-Methionine or DL-Methionine Hydroxyl Analogue (MHA-Ca) on Growth Performance and Blood and Liver Redox Status in Growing Pigs.

Oxidative stress impairs pigs' health and production performance. This study examined the effects of level and source of methionine (Met) supplementation against the diquat-induced oxidative stress in pigs. Forty growing barrows were randomly assigned to four groups.

Development of an indigestible dietary protein index to investigate the effects of dietary protein content in postweaned pigs.

Proteolytic fermentation induces negative effects on gut health and function, which may affect pig performance. The objective was to conduct a meta-analysis to develop an index of dietary indigestible dietary protein (IDP) to investigate growth performance outcomes of mixed-sex weanling pigs (average body weight of 7.59 kg).

Effects of dietary crude protein content and resistant starch supplementation on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology and microbial metabolites in weaned pigs.

A 4-week study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary crude protein () content and resistant starch () supplementation on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology and microbial metabolites of weaned pigs. A total of 96 pigs (7.06 ± 0.

Effects of supplemental methionine sources in finishing pig diets on growth performance, carcass characteristics, cutting yields, and meat quality.

Supplemental methionine (Met) is widely used within the swine industry; however, data are limited regarding the effect of Met sources on carcass cutability and meat quality. The objective was to determine the effects of L-Met (LM, 99%), DL-Met (DLM, 99%), or calcium salt of DL-Met hydroxyl analog (MHA, 84%) in finishing pig diets on carcass characteristics and meat quality. At 9 weeks of age, pigs ( = 240) were allocated to 60 single-sex pens for a four-phase finishing trial that lasted 104 d.

Increased Dietary Trp, Thr, and Met Supplementation Improves Performance, Health, and Protein Metabolism of Weaned Piglets under Mixed Management and Poor Housing Conditions.

A sanitary challenge was carried out to induce suboptimal herd health while investigating the effect of amino acids supplementation on piglet responses. Weaned piglets of high sanitary status (6.33 ± 0.

Effect of supplementing a Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic on performance, intestinal integrity, and serum antioxidant capacity and metabolites concentrations of heat-stressed growing pigs.

Exposing pigs to heat stress (HS) seems to modify the intestinal microbiota which may compromise the integrity of the small intestine epithelia. Probiotics, live microorganisms, can help pigs to maintain a healthy intestinal environment. Eighty pigs (21.

Effects of dietary supplementation with L-arginine on the endogenous losses of amino acids in growing pigs exposed to heat stress.

Exposing pigs to heat stress (HS) provokes higher death of intestinal cells, resulting in elevated endogenous intestinal losses (EIL) of amino acids (AA) and damage to intestinal epithelia. Arginine (Arg) is precursor for the synthesis of polyamines, which are involved in proliferation of intestinal cells and restoration of the intestinal epithelia. Thus the effect of adding L-Arg to diets for HS pigs on the EIL of AA was analyzed.

Effects of dietary protein content and crystalline amino acid supplementation patterns in low protein diets on intestinal bacteria and their metabolites in weaned pigs raised under Different sanitary conditions.

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) content and crystalline amino acids (CAA) supplementation patterns in low CP (LCP) diets on intestinal bacteria and their metabolites in weaned pigs raised under clean (CSC) or unclean sanitary conditions (USC). One hundred forty-four piglets (6.35 ± 0.

Apparent and standardised ileal amino acid digestibilities in heat-stressed pigs fed wheat-soybean meal diets supplemented with l-arginine and dl-methionine.

Heat stress (HS) exposure may damage the small intestine epithelia of pigs affecting the digestibility and absorption of amino acids (AA). Arg and Met can enhance antioxidant and intestinal cell proliferation activity, thus supplementing them in diets might alleviate epithelial damage and correct the reduced AA digestibility. The effect of adding extra l-Arg and dl-Met to diets on the apparent (AID) and standardised ileal digestibility (SID) of AA was analysed in a 10-day experiment conducted with 10 ileal-cannulated HS pigs (25.

Effect of dl-methionine supplementation above requirement on performance; intestinal morphology, antioxidant activity, and gene expression; and serum concentration of amino acids in heat stressed pigs.

The intestinal morphology and function can be compromised in pigs exposed to heat stress (HS), partly due to increased production of reactive-oxygen species. Because methionine (Met) functions as intracellular antioxidant, the requirement of Met may be increased in HS-pigs. The effect of dietary supplementation with dl-Met above requirement on performance, small intestine morphology, antioxidant enzymes activity, amino acid transporters expression, and serum concentration (SC) of free AA in HS-pigs was evaluated.

Effects of dietary protein content and crystalline amino acid supplementation patterns on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, and immune response in weaned pigs raised under different sanitary conditions.

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) contents and crystalline amino acids (CAA) supplementation patterns on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, and immune response in weaned pigs under clean (CSC) or unclean sanitary conditions (USC). A total of 144 weaned pigs (6.35 ± 0.

Ileal alkaline phosphatase is upregulated following functional amino acid supplementation in Salmonella Typhimurium-challenged pigs.

We recently showed that functional amino acid (FAA) supplementation improves growth performance and immune status of Salmonella Typhimurium (ST)-challenged pigs, which was further improved by a longer adaptation period. It is expected that the effects are associated with increased activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of FAA supplementation and adaptation period on the ileal, cecal, and colonic activity of IAP in weaned pigs challenged with ST.

Changes in growth performance, plasma metabolite concentrations, and myogenic gene expression in growing pigs fed a methionine-restricted diet.

: Methionine (Met) is usually the second or third limiting amino acid in swine diets and plays vital roles in promoting the growth, especially, the muscle growth of pigs. This research evaluated the effects of dietary Met restriction on the growth performance, plasma metabolite concentrations, and myogenic gene expression in growing pigs. : Eight genes in two families (myogenic regulatory factor family and myocyte enhancer factor 2 family) were selected for the analysis.

Expression of proposed methionine transporters along the gastrointestinal tract of pigs and their regulation by dietary methionine sources.

Background: Given the key role of methionine (Met) in biological processes like protein translation, methylation, and antioxidant defense, inadequate Met supply can limit performance. This study investigated the effect of different dietary Met sources on the expression profile of various Met transporters along the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of pigs.

Methods: A total of 27 pigs received a diet supplemented with 0.

Effects of supplemental d-methionine in comparison to l-methionine on nitrogen retention, gut morphology, antioxidant status, and mRNA abundance of amino acid transporters in weanling pigs.

An N-balance experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that d-Methionine (d-Met) has the same bioavailability and efficacy as l-Methionine (l-Met) when fed to weanling pigs. A Met-deficient basal diet containing 0.24% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Met was formulated.

Effect of arginine supplementation on the morphology and function of intestinal epithelia and serum concentrations of amino acids in pigs exposed to heat stress.

The exposure of pigs to heat stress (HS) appears to damage their intestinal epithelia, affecting the absorption of amino acids (AAs). Arg is involved in the restoration of intestinal epithelial cells but HS reduces Arg intake. The effect of dietary supplementation with Arg on the morphology of intestinal epithelia, AA transporter gene expression, and serum concentration (SC) of free AAs in HS pigs was analyzed.

Bioavailability of the dl-methionine and the calcium salt of dl-methionine hydroxy analog compared with l-methionine for nitrogen retention in starter pigs.

Two nitrogen balance studies were conducted to evaluate the relative bioavailability values (RBV) of dl-methionine (dl-Met) and dl-methionine hydroxy analog calcium salt (MHA-Ca) to l-methionine (l-Met) as Met sources fed to pigs. In experiment 1, 42 pigs were assigned to 7 treatments feeding with basal diet (BD) formulated to be deficient in Met (0.22% standardized ileal digestible basis) but adequate in other amino acids.

A longer adaptation period to a functional amino acid-supplemented diet improves growth performance and immune status of Salmonella Typhimurium-challenged pigs.

We recently showed that dietary supplementation with key functional amino acids (FAA) improves growth performance and immune status of Salmonella Typhimurium (ST)-challenged pigs. It is not known if ST-challenged pigs will benefit from a longer adaptation period to FAA. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different adaptation periods to diets containing FAA above requirements for growth on performance and immune response of weaned pigs subsequently challenged with ST.

Functional amino acid supplementation, regardless of dietary protein content, improves growth performance and immune status of weaned pigs challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium.

High dietary protein may increase susceptibility of weaned pigs to enteric pathogens. Dietary supplementation with functional amino acids (FAA) may improve growth performance of pigs during disease challenge. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interactive effects of dietary protein content and FAA supplementation above requirements for growth on performance and immune response of weaned pigs challenged with Salmonella.

Growth performance and gut health of -challenged weaned pigs fed diets supplemented with a direct-fed microbial.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a direct-fed microbial (DFM) product ( strain DSM 32540) in weaned pigs challenged with K88 strain of on growth performance and indicators of gut health. A total of 21 weaned pigs [initial body weight (BW) = 8.19 kg] were housed individually in pens and fed three diets (seven replicates per diet) for 21 d in a completely randomized design.

Bioavailability of the calcium salt of dl-methionine hydroxy analog compared with dl-methionine for nitrogen retention and the preference of nursery pigs for diets based on the 2 forms of methionine.

Experiments were conducted to determine the relative bioavailability (RBV) of the calcium salt of the hydroxy analog of dl-methionine (MHA-Ca, 84%) to dl-methionine (dl-Met, 99%) as Met sources fed to pigs. In experiment 1, 42 crossbred barrows (initial BW of 15.0 ± 0.

Efficiency of standardized ileal digestible lysine utilization for whole body protein deposition in pregnant gilts and sows during early-, mid-, and late-gestation.

The efficiency of SID Lys utilization (kSID Lys) in gilts and sows during early (days 48 to 52), mid (days 75 to 79), and late gestation (days 103 to 107) was investigated using 88 pregnant females (PIC 1050; 27 gilts, 27 parity 1 sows, 34 parity 2+ sows; 192.96 ± 22.84 kg at days 42 ±1 of gestation) and whole body nitrogen (N) retention balance studies.

Crystalline amino acids do not influence calculated values for standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in feed ingredients included in diets for pigs.

An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that addition of crystalline amino acids (AA) to diets during the adaptation or collection periods will not influence calculated values for apparent ileal digestibility (AID) or standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in corn and soybean meal (SBM). Seven ileal-cannulated barrows (initial body weight: 77.9 ± 2.