Cryo-Pneumatic Compression Results in a Significant Decrease in Opioid Consumption After Shoulder Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The management of pain after shoulder surgery typically includes the use of cryotherapy and the prescription of opioid analgesics. Much focus has been placed lately on the opioid epidemic, which in part is fueled by excessive prescription of opioid medication. Previous studies have found a combination of cryotherapy and compression effective at reducing analgesic consumption and increasing recovery in patients undergoing knee and spine surgery; however, efficacy in patients undergoing shoulder surgery has not been evaluated.

Elbow motion patterns during daily activity.

Background: This in vivo kinematic study was developed to ascertain (1) elbow posture and motion during daily activities and (2) to compare motions of the dominant and nondominant elbows.

Methods: Forty-six subjects wore a custom instrumented shirt to continuously measure elbow posture and motion for the waking hours of 1 day. The 3D orientations of each of the forearm and humerus sensors enabled calculation of elbow flexion-extension and pronation-supination angles.

Comparing daily shoulder motion and frequency after anatomic and reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Both anatomic (TSA) and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) are common interventions for glenohumeral arthrosis, with the goal of relieving pain and restoring mobility. Understanding shoulder arthroplasty motion and frequency is of interest in evaluating effectiveness and in predicting bearing wear for implant development and optimization. The purpose of this study was to measure and compare the total daily shoulder motion of patients after TSA and RTSA.

Observational Learning During Simulation-Based Training in Arthroscopy: Is It Useful to Novices?

Objective: Observing experts constitutes an important and common learning experience for surgical residents before operating under direct guidance. However, studies suggest that exclusively observing experts may induce suboptimal motor learning, and watching errors from non-experts performing simple motor tasks may generate better performance. We investigated whether observational learning is transferrable to arthroscopy learning using virtual reality (VR) simulation.

Delayed repair of distal biceps tendon ruptures is successful: a case-control study.

Background: The literature has shown an increased complication rate with a delay to surgical repair of acute distal biceps tendon ruptures; however, little has been documented regarding the outcome of delayed repairs. This case-control study compared a study cohort of delayed (>21 days) distal biceps tendon repairs with a control cohort repaired acutely (<21 days).

Methods: Sixteen delayed repair cases were reviewed and matched with acute controls (1:3) based on repair technique, age, and workers' compensation status.

Multiple Periprosthetic Joint Infections: Evidence for Decreasing Prevalence.

Background: Multiple periprosthetic joint infections (MPJIs) are uncommon. We determine the prevalence of developing a second-site periprosthetic joint infection.

Methods: Our institutional arthroplasty database was reviewed.

Distal Biceps Injuries.

A review of distal biceps tendon injuries is presented. Notable and recent studies on the incidence, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment are outlined. The benefits and risks of 1- and 2-incision techniques for repair are discussed, and classic studies are reviewed.

Regional variations in radial head bone volume and density: implications for fracture patterns and fixation.

Background: Fractures of the radial head are common with most partial articular fractures resulting in an anterolateral fragment. The exact mechanism of radial head fracture is unknown; however, forces transmitted and variations in local bone density are believed important. This study quantifies the regional variations in bone density and volume of the radial head to better understand the pathomechanics of fracture patterns.