A process-based approach to understanding and managing triggered seismicity.

There is growing concern about seismicity triggered by human activities, whereby small increases in stress bring tectonically loaded faults to failure. Examples of such activities include mining, impoundment of water, stimulation of geothermal fields, extraction of hydrocarbons and water, and the injection of water, CO and methane into subsurface reservoirs. In the absence of sufficient information to understand and control the processes that trigger earthquakes, authorities have set up empirical regulatory monitoring-based frameworks with varying degrees of success.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 is an LC3-interactive protein and regulates autophagy.

The MAP1LC3/LC3 family plays an essential role in autophagosomal biogenesis and transport. In this report, we show that the HECT family E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 interacts with LC3 and is involved in autophagosomal biogenesis. NEDD4 binds to LC3 through a conserved WXXL LC3-binding motif in a region between the C2 and the WW2 domains.

Uplift of the Longmen Shan and Tibetan plateau, and the 2008 Wenchuan (M = 7.9) earthquake.

The Longmen Shan mountain range, site of the devastating 12 May 2008 Wenchuan (M = 7.9) earthquake, defines the eastern margin of the Himalayan orogen and exhibits greater topographic relief than anywhere else in the Tibetan plateau. However, before the earthquake, geodetic and geologic surveys measured little shortening across the range front, inspiring a vigorous debate about the process by which the topography of the mountain belt is produced and maintained.

Fibrillary glomerulopathy secondary to light chain deposition disease in a patient with monoclonal gammopathy.

The pathologic manifestations of renal diseases related to monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasia include light chain deposition disease, the AL type of amyloidosis, and myeloma cast nephropathy. Light chain deposit disease (LCDD) is an uncommon condition in which monoclonal light chains are deposited in the glomeruli, tubules, and vessels causing varying degree of damage. We report a case of LCDD coincident with fibrillary glomerulonephropathy (FGN) in a 73-yr-old man with a diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance who presented with progressive renal insufficiency and mild proteinuria.

The sarcoglycan complex in Schwann cells and its role in myelin stability.

Sarcoglycans are originally identified in muscle for their involvement in limb-girdle muscular dystrophies. They form a multi-meric complex (alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-sarcoglycan) that associates with dystrophin, dystroglycan and other proteins to constitute the larger dystrophin-glycoprotein complex at the muscle membrane. Three sarcoglycan subunits (epsilon-, beta-, delta-sarcoglycan) were previously identified in Schwann cells and shown to associate with dystroglycan and a Schwann cell-specific dystrophin isoform (Dp116) at the outermost Schwann cell membrane.

Chronic active thrombotic microangiopathy in native and transplanted kidneys.

We report 2 complicated cases of thrombotic microangiopathy with chronic features and active components. The first case was a 36-yr-old woman with positive anti-DNA antibody and possible lupus cerebritis, who developed thrombotic microangiopathy secondary to a series of syndromes, including preeclampsia and anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome. Renal biopsy revealed no evidence of lupus nephritis and her renal function returned to normal 1 week after the biopsy.

Proteomics: from basic research to diagnostic application. A review of requirements & needs.

For several years proteomics research has been expected to lead to the finding of new markers that will translate into clinical tests applicable to samples such as serum, plasma and urine: so-called in vitro diagnostics (IVDs). Attempts to implement technologies applied in proteomics, in particular protein arrays and surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS), as IVD instruments have initiated constructive discussions on opportunities and challenges inherent in such a translation process also with respect to the use of multi-marker profiling approaches and pattern signatures in IVD. Taking into account the role that IVD plays in health care, we describe IVD requirements and needs.

Transplantation and 6-month follow-up of renal transplantation from a donor with systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis.

Transplantation of kidneys with pre-existing glomerulonephritis (GN) has rarely been reported. Little is known of the subsequent evolution of donor pathology in the recipient. We report a transplant using a donor with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and a history of remote acute renal failure but normal renal function at death.

Case report: IgM type of membranous glomerulopathy in a diabetic patient.

We report the case of a 46-yr-old man with a 16-yr history of type I diabetes mellitus who developed rapid onset of nephrotic syndrome. Renal biopsy revealed diabetic nephropathy, characterized by thickened glomerular basement membranes (GBM), mild nodular glomerulosclerosis, and focal arteriolar hyalinization. Immunofluorescent (IF) studies showed strong granular IgM staining along glomerular loops, with subepithelial and intramembranous immune complex deposits along glomerular capillary loops demonstrated by electron microscopy (EM).

Intracytoplasmic filamentous inclusions in the peripheral blood of a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. A bright-field, electron microscopic, immunofluorescent, and flow cytometric study.

Intracellular inclusions in lymphoproliferative disorders are not common. Multiple different types of inclusions have been reported in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), including vacuoles, crystals, and pseudocrystals. Most of the reported cases were seen in the bone marrow lymphocytes, and the majority of these on electron microscopy.

Recognition of paleoearthquakes on the Puente Hills blind thrust fault, California.

Borehole data from young sediments folded above the Puente Hills blind thrust fault beneath Los Angeles reveal that the folding extends to the surface as a discrete zone ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF