Effectiveness of Nonmydriatic Ultra-Widefield Retinal Imaging to Screen for Diabetic Eye Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Clearsight).

Objective: Suboptimal diabetic eye disease screening is a major cause of preventable vision loss. Screening barriers include mydriasis and the need for dedicated screening appointments. The Clearsight trial assessed whether nonmydriatic ultra-widefield (NM UWF) screening on the day of a diabetes clinic visit improved detection of clinically important eye disease versus usual screening.

Expressions of Serum lncRNAs in Diabetic Retinopathy - A Potential Diagnostic Tool.

With increasing incidence of diabetes worldwide, there is an ever-expanding number of patients with chronic diabetic complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the leading causes of blindness in the working age population. Early screening for the onset and severity of DR is essential for timely intervention. With recent advancements in genomic technologies, epigenetic alterations in DR are beginning to unravel.

The Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR Is a Critical Epigenetic Mediator of Angiogenesis in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a pressing issue worldwide. Abnormal angiogenesis is a distinct vascular lesion in DR, and research has established that vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is a primary mediator of such changes. However, limitations in current anti-VEGF therapies suggest that our understanding of molecular networks underlying ocular angiogenesis remains far from complete.

Prospective evaluation of aflibercept in pigment epithelial detachments secondary to neovascular age related macular degeneration.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept in treating visual loss and structural changes in patients with pigment epithelial detachments (PED) secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: Prospective, exploratory, open-label study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02142296).

Two-year analysis of changes in the optic nerve and retina following anti-VEGF treatments in diabetic macular edema patients.

To evaluate long-term structural and functional changes that happen to the optic nerve and retina following ranibizumab (Lucentis) injections in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients. Patients with clinically significant DME requiring anti-VEGF injections underwent pre-injection baseline, 6, 12, and 24 month follow-up tests. The tests performed were optical coherence tomography (OCT), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and visual field (VF).

lncRNA H19 prevents endothelial-mesenchymal transition in diabetic retinopathy.

Aims/hypothesis: The pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy is linked to hyperglycaemia and its effect on retinal microvascular tissues. The resulting endothelial injury changes the endothelial cell phenotype to acquire mesenchymal properties (i.e.

MALAT1: An Epigenetic Regulator of Inflammation in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Despite possessing limited protein-coding potential, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in a myriad of pathologic conditions. Most well documented in cancer, one prominent intergenic lncRNA known as MALAT1 is notorious for its role in impacting epigenetic mechanisms. In this study, we established a novel epigenetic paradigm for MALAT in diabetic retinopathy (DR) by employing siRNA-mediated MALAT1 knockdown in human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs), a Malat1 knockout animal model, vitreous humor from diabetic patients, pharmacological inhibitors for histone and DNA methylation, RNA immunoprecipitation, western blotting, and a unique DNA methylation array to determine glucose-related alterations in MALAT1.

A randomised trial of non-mydriatic ultra-wide field retinal imaging versus usual care to screen for diabetic eye disease: rationale and protocol for the Clearsight trial.

Introduction: Suboptimal screening for diabetic eye disease is a major cause of preventable vision loss. Screening barriers include mydriasis and the extra time patients need to attend dedicated eye screening appointments. In the Clearsight trial, we are testing whether screening by non-mydriatic ultra-wide field (NM UWF) imaging on the day patients attend their diabetes outpatient clinic visit improves detection of clinically important eye disease compared with usual screening.

A case of unilateral and spontaneously resolving posterior uveitis with overlapping features of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease and Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy.

Introduction: VKH disease is a chronic, bilateral, granulomatous panuveitis with potential involvement of neurological, auditory and integumentary systems. On the other hand, APMPPE is believed to be an immune-driven chorioretinal vascular disease characterized by multifocal, flat, grey-white placoid lesions at the level of the RPE. We describe a case with overlapping figures of both conditions.

Costs and Quality of Life in Diabetic Macular Edema: Canadian Burden of Diabetic Macular Edema Observational Study (C-REALITY).

Purpose. To characterize the economic and quality of life burden of diabetic macular edema (DME) in Canadian patients. Patients and Methods.

Patient preferences in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

Objective: Accounting for patient preferences may be especially important in diabetes mellitus, given the challenge in identifying factors associated with treatment adherence. Although preference studies have been performed in diabetes, none have examined treatments used in diabetic retinopathy (DR). The objective of this study was to elicit patient preferences for attributes associated with antivascular endothelial growth factor, focal and panretinal laser, and steroid therapy used in DR management.

Long-term benefit of sustained-delivery fluocinolone acetonide vitreous inserts for diabetic macular edema.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of intravitreal inserts releasing 0.2 μg/day (low dose) or 0.5 μg/day (high dose) fluocinolone acetonide (FA) in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery versus delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery: potential hospital cost savings.

Objective: Cataract surgery represents a substantial cost to health care systems around the world. Canada's socialized medical system allows an opportunity to accurately track costing because of the institutional record keeping necessary for public reporting to provincial governments. Cataract surgical costs consist of medical costs, hospital costs, and social costs.

Patient preferences for diabetic retinopathy health States.

PURPOSE. To develop standardized descriptions of health states that characterize vision-specific functional impacts of diabetic retinopathy (DR) according to levels of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity and to elicit preferences for these health states from persons with DR and assign weighted values to them. METHODS.

Extracellular matrix proteins in epiretinal membranes and in diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: Non-vascular epiretinal membranes (ERM) and neovascular membrane in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) are recognized causes of visual impairment. Both ERMs and neovascular membranes in PDR consist of cellular components and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins such as fibronectin (FN) and collagen. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) regulate ECM protein production.

Comparison of the in vitro safety of intraocular dyes using two retinal cell lines: a focus on brilliant blue G and indocyanine green.

Purpose: To compare the in vitro toxicity of brilliant blue G (BBG), indocyanine green (ICG), Trypan blue (TB), and Evans blue (EB) in a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) and a murine retinal ganglion/Muller glial (RGC) primary cell culture.

Design: In vitro cell biology experimental study.

Methods: The dose-dependent toxicity of the dyes was determined by exposing each dye at four different concentrations to the two cell cultures for a short exposure (three minutes) and a medium exposure (30 minutes).

Comparison of in vitro toxicity of single vs double exposures of indocyanine green in human retinal pigment epithelial cell cultures.

Purpose: To compare the in vitro effect of a single brief indocyanine green (ICG) exposure with a double exposure on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells.

Design: In vitro laboratory experimental study.

Methods: Human ARPE-19 cells were exposed to a single dilute ICG exposure (0.

Dynamic atypical optic nerve coloboma associated with transient macular detachment.

Purpose: Macular schisis or detachment is frequently observed in eyes with optic pits or colobomas. Although spontaneous resolution of the maculopathy has been reported, concurrent changes in the optic nerve coloboma have not. We report three cases of atypical optic nerve colobomas in which dynamic optic nerve changes coincide with the development and subsequent resolution of the associated maculopathy.

Endothelins: regulators of extracellular matrix protein production in diabetes.

Fibronectin (FN), a key extracellular matrix protein, is upregulated in target organs of diabetic angiopathy and in cultured cells exposed to high levels of glucose. FN has also been reported to undergo alternative splicing to produce the extra domain-B (ED-B) containing isoform, which is exclusively expressed during embryogenesis, tissue repair, and tumoral angiogenesis. The present study was aimed at elucidating the role and mechanism of endothelins (ETs) in FN and ED-B FN expression in diabetes.

Comparison of the in vitro toxicity of indocyanine green to that of trypan blue in human retinal pigment epithelium cell cultures.

Purpose: To compare the in vitro toxicity of indocyanine green (ICG) to that of trypan blue (TB) in human retinal pigment epithelium cell cultures. The use of ICG and TB in macular hole surgery is discussed.

Design: In vitro cell biology experimental study.

Oncofetal fibronectin in diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: Imbalance between extracellular matrix protein synthesis and degradation is a key feature of diabetic retinopathy. Fibronectin, a predominant constituent of the extracellular matrix, has been shown to undergo alternative splicing to produce embryonic isoforms in various pathologic conditions, such as fibrotic diseases and tumorigenesis. Two such isoforms, oncofetal fibronectin variants that are characterized by the inclusion of the oncofetal domains A and B, were the focus of the present study.