Weight changes following Achilles debridement with flexor hallucis longus transfer: A retrospective analysis.

Obesity poses a growing concern, with global predictions estimating over half the population to be overweight or obese by 2030 (1). While prior research has extensively explored the impact of obesity on hip and knee surgeries, a notable gap persists in understanding weight changes following foot and ankle procedures. This retrospective study focuses on the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Achilles debridement with flexor hallucis longus (FHL) transfer.

Serial transverse enteroplasty in adults with parenteral nutrition dependence: A case series.

Background: Serial transverse enteroplasty is used to treat patients with chronic intestinal failure owing to short bowel syndrome. Current literature lacks discussion of its role for other etiologies of intestinal failure and its impact on adult patients' nutrition support needs and quality of life.

Methods: We performed a case series on adults with parenteral nutrition (PN) dependence who underwent serial transverse enteroplasty at Emory University Hospital, a quaternary referral center between 2011 and 2022.

Laparoscopic-Assisted Pancreatic Necrosectomy: Technique and Initial Outcomes.

Background: Necrotizing pancreatitis (NP) may result de novo or following procedures such as ERCP or partial pancreatectomy (post-procedural), and may require surgical debridement. Video-assisted retroperitoneal debridement (VARD) is a standard approach for NP that employs a 5 cm incision with varying degrees of blind and open debridement. We describe our technique and outcomes of a modified VARD called laparoscopic-assisted pancreatic necrosectomy (LAPN) performed through a single 12 mm incision that uses direct laparoscopic visualization during debridement.

Ethanol Lock Therapy Markedly Reduces Catheter-Related Blood Stream Infections in Adults Requiring Home Parenteral Nutrition: A Retrospective Study From a Tertiary Medical Center.

Background: The use of central venous catheter (CVC) access for home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is associated with catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs). There are limited data on the use of ethanol lock therapy (ELT) to prevent CRBSI in adult HPN patients. Our aim was to determine whether the routine institution of ELT decreased the incidence of CRBSI compared with historic controls at Emory University Hospital (EUH) in Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Development and Validation of a Risk Calculator for Renal Complications after Colorectal Surgery Using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participant Use Files.

Postoperative acute renal failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in colon and rectal surgery. Our objective was to identify preoperative risk factors that predispose patients to postoperative renal failure and renal insufficiency, and subsequently develop a risk calculator. Using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participant Use Files database, all patients who underwent colorectal surgery in 2009 were selected (n = 21,720).

Saliva in studies of epidemiology of human disease: the UK Biobank project.

There has been immense interest in the uses of saliva in the diagnosis of systemic disease over the past decade and longer because it is recognized that saliva possesses great potential as a diagnostic fluid. In spite of this, the usefulness of saliva in studies of the epidemiology of human disease has still to be properly evaluated. This review describes the UK Biobank project and explores the scope to use this and other such cohort studies to gain important insights into the epidemiological aspects of systemic disease.

Efficacy and Safety of Glutamine-supplemented Parenteral Nutrition in Surgical ICU Patients: An American Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To determine whether glutamine (GLN)-supplemented parenteral nutrition (PN) improves clinical outcomes in surgical intensive care unit (SICU) patients.

Summary Background Data: GLN requirements may increase with critical illness. GLN-supplemented PN may improve clinical outcomes in SICU patients.

Improving quality of surgical care and outcomes: factors impacting surgical site infection after colorectal resection.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) result in patient morbidity and increased costs. The purpose of this study was to determine reasons underlying SSI to enable interventions addressing identified factors. Combining data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project with medical record extraction, we evaluated 365 patients who underwent colon resection from January 2009 to December 2012 at a single institution.

Definitive surgical treatment of enterocutaneous fistula: outcomes of a 23-year experience.

Objective: To analyze postoperative outcomes, morbidity, and mortality following enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) takedown.

Design, Setting, And Patients: Retrospective review of the complete medical records of patients who presented to a single tertiary care referral center from December 24, 1987, to June 18, 2010, and subsequently underwent definitive surgical treatment for ECF originating from the stomach, small bowel, colon, or rectum.

Main Outcome Measures: Postoperative fistula recurrence and mortality.

Effects of the UK Biobank collection protocol on potential biomarkers in saliva.

Background: The UK Biobank (UKB) is a national epidemiological study of the health of 500 000 people, aged 40-69 years, who completed health-related tests and a questionnaire and gave samples of blood and urine. Salivas collected from 120 000 of these subjects were transported at 4°C and were placed in ultra-low temperature archives at up to 24 h after collection. The present study assessed how changes in saliva composition under UKB conditions influence a range of potential biomarkers resulting from holding saliva at 4°C for 24 h.

Characterization of post-hospital infections in adults requiring home parenteral nutrition.

Objective: Limited data are available on the incidence and risk factors for infection in patients requiring home parenteral nutrition (HPN).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 101 consecutive adults (63 female, 38 male) discharged on HPN from the Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA. New bloodstream infections (BSIs) requiring rehospitalization and other infections were evaluated.

Risk factors for pancreatic fistula after stapled gland transection.

The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for pancreatic fistula (PF) after stapled transection in distal pancreatectomy (DP). Patients undergoing DP using a stapler for transection between 2005 and 2009 were identified from a pancreatic resection database. Variables examined included patient and tumor characteristics, staple size, and the use of mesh reinforcement.

Putting the teeth into the UK Biobank.

The author of this article has been involved in the development of the UK Biobank, and was instrumental in ensuring that dentistry has been included in the project. He describes what the UK Biobank is, what the project involves and aims to achieve, and how by July 2010 some 500,000 UK citizens aged from 40-69 years had been recruited. He then details the events that led to the inclusion of dentistry in the project, the key role that stored saliva samples will have, and how the project will link to data stored by the Dental Practice Board and now the National Health Service Business Services Authority.

Differences in presentation and perioperative outcome after pancreaticoduodenectomy for cancer and benign pancreatitis.

The aim of this study was to examine differences in presentation and outcome in pancreaticoduodenectomy for benign and malignant processes. Pancreaticoduodenectomies performed for pancreatic adenocarcinoma or chronic pancreatitis from 2000 to 2008 were identified from a prospectively maintained database and compared. Pancreaticoduodenectomy revealed adenocarcinoma in 220 patients and benign chronic pancreatitis in 40 patients.

Management of complex abdominal wall defects using acellular porcine dermal collagen.

Multiple techniques have been used for the repair of complex abdominal wall defects after recurrent incisional hernias with varying rates of success. Primary repair has been associated with high recurrence rates, and prosthetic mesh placement is contraindicated in contaminated surgical fields. The development of biologic prostheses has changed the approach to these difficult problems.

Preoperative diabetes mellitus and long-term survival after resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: To assess clinicopathologic features and postresection survival of diabetes mellitus (DM)-associated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: Records of resected PDAC patients from 2000 to 2007 were reviewed. DM was classified as new-onset (<24 months before PDAC) or longstanding (> or =24 months).

Important prognostic factors in adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater.

Ampullary adenocarcinoma (AmpCA) carries a better overall survival (OS) rate than other periampullary cancers. We examined clinicopathologic features in AmpCA for impact on OS. Records of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy from 2000 to 2007 for AmpCA were reviewed and histological specimens were reanalyzed.

Prospective analysis of serum carotenoids, vitamin A, and tocopherols in adults with short bowel syndrome undergoing intestinal rehabilitation.

Objective: Carotenoids, vitamin A, and tocopherols serve important roles in many key body functions. However, availability of these compounds may be decreased in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) due to decreased oral intake of fruits and vegetables and/or decreased intestinal absorption. Little information is available on serum concentrations of carotenoids, vitamin A, and tocopherols during chronic parenteral nutrition (PN) or during PN weaning.

Role of spectral presaturation attenuated inversion-recovery fat-suppressed T2-weighted MR imaging in active inflammatory bowel disease.

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the efficacy of spectral presaturation attenuated inversion-recovery (SPAIR) fat-suppressed (FS) partial Fourier single shot (SSH) T2-weighted (T2W) and gadolinium-enhanced (Gd) FS 3D-gradient echo (3DGRE) T1-weighted (T1W) delayed phase MRI to differentiate active bowel inflammation from fibrotic disease in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Materials And Methods: MRI studies of 81 patients (mean age, 43 years; range, 22-77 years; M:F ratio 33:48) had T2W and T1W imaging including SPAIR-SSH and delayed Gd-3DGRE. The ability to assess disease activity in bowel segments affected were retrospectively evaluated by a grading scheme based on subjective analysis of signal intensities.

Efficacy of parenteral nutrition supplemented with glutamine dipeptide to decrease hospital infections in critically ill surgical patients.

Background: Nosocomial infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). Clinical benefits of glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition may occur in hospitalized surgical patients, but efficacy data in different surgical subgroups are lacking. The objective was to determine whether glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition differentially affects nosocomial infection rates in selected subgroups of SICU patients.

Comparison of central and extended left pancreatectomy for lesions of the pancreatic neck.

Background: Central pancreatectomy (CP) is a parenchyma-sparing alternative to extended left pancreatectomy (ELP) for tumors of the pancreatic neck. We compared short- and long-term outcomes for the two approaches.

Methods: Patients who underwent CP or ELP from 2000-2007 for neoplasms of the neck were identified.

Epidural analgesia in hepatic resection.

Background: Randomized trials show equivocal benefit of epidural analgesia (EA) for patients undergoing abdominal operations. Partial hepatectomy is often performed using low central venous pressure anesthesia to reduce intraoperative blood loss. We examined effects of pain management strategy on blood pressure, transfusion, and complications in patients undergoing hepatic resection with either EA or IV analgesia (IVA).

Nutrient intake from habitual oral diet in patients with severe short bowel syndrome living in the southeastern United States.

Objectives: Little data are published on the habitual home oral diet of patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS).

Methods: We assessed nutrient intake from oral food and beverages in 19 stable patients with severe SBS who live in the southeastern United States. Intestinal absorption of energy, fat, nitrogen (N), and carbohydrate (CHO) was determined in a metabolic ward.

Metabolic effects of enteral versus parenteral alanyl-glutamine dipeptide administration in critically ill patients receiving enteral feeding: a pilot study.

Background: Glutamine (Gln) may become conditionally indispensable during critical illness. The short-term metabolic effects of enteral versus parenteral Gln supplementation are unknown in this clinical setting.

Objectives: We studied metabolic effects of intravenous (i.