Plasma sitosterol elevations are associated with an increased incidence of coronary events in men: results of a nested case-control analysis of the Prospective Cardiovascular Münster (PROCAM) study.

Background And Aim: Sitosterolemia, a rare genetic disorder characterized by profoundly elevated plasma sitosterol concentrations, is associated with premature atherosclerosis in some individuals. This study was conducted to evaluate if the modest sitosterol elevations seen in the general population are also associated with the occurrence of coronary events.

Methods And Results: A nested case-control study using stored samples from male participants in the Prospective Cardiovascular Münster (PROCAM) study was performed.

Projected coronary heart disease risk benefit with ezetimibe.

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and total cholesterol (TC) are the primary clinical parameters of interest for any cholesterol intervention. Clinicians are interested in how the reduction of these lipid parameters as well as increases in high density lipoprotein (HDL) relate to changes in coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. The objective of this analysis was to estimate the additional CHD risk reduction that could potentially be provided by co-administration of ezetimibe with statin therapy.

Follow-up lipid tests and physician visits are associated with improved adherence to statin therapy.

Introduction And Objective: The National Cholesterol Education Program recommends regular physician follow-up and lipid testing to promote adherence with lipid-lowering medications. The objective of this study was to determine whether lipid tests and physician visits after treatment initiation are indeed associated with adherence to statin therapy.

Subjects And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 19 422 enrolees in a US managed care plan who initiated treatment with a statin between October 1999 and August 2001.

Insulin resistance-related factors, but not glycemia, predict coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes: 10-year follow-up data from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study.

Objective: To determine the independent risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in type 1 diabetes by type of CAD at first presentation.

Research Design And Methods: This is a historical prospective cohort study of 603 patients with type 1 diabetes diagnosed before 18 years of age between 1950 and 1980. The mean age and duration of diabetes at baseline were 28 (range 8-47) and 19 years (7-37), respectively, and patients were followed for 10 years.

Subclinical atherosclerosis and estimated glucose disposal rate as predictors of mortality in type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: To investigate the usefulness of ischemic resting electrocardiogram (ECG), ankle brachial index (ABI) <0.8, ankle brachial difference (ABD) > or = 75 mm Hg (a marker of peripheral medial arterial wall calcification), and estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) (a marker for insulin resistance) for predicting mortality risk in the context of standard risk factors.

Methods: Data are from participants in the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study of 658 subjects with childhood onset Type 1 diabetes of mean age 28 years (range 8-48) and duration of diabetes 19 years (range 7-37) at baseline.

Glycemia (or, in women, estimated glucose disposal rate) predict lower extremity arterial disease events in type 1 diabetes.

The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) events in a type 1 diabetes population. Data are from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study of childhood onset type 1 diabetes. At baseline, the study population had a mean age 28 (range, 8 to 47) years and duration 19 (range, 7 to 37) years.